ICorticosteroids: ziyintoni, ziyintoni kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga

Umxholo

• Iindidi zecorticosteroids
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokwenzeka
• Ngubani ongafanele asebenzise
• Ngaba kukhuselekile ukusetyenziswa ngexesha lokukhulelwa?

I-Corticosteroids, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-corticosteroids okanye i-cortisone, ngamayeza enziweyo aveliswa elebhu ngokusekwe kwiihomoni eziveliswa ngamadlala eadrenal, anesenzo esinamandla sokulwa nokudumba.

Olu hlobo lwamayeza lusetyenziswa kakhulu kunyango lweengxaki ezingapheliyo ezinjenge-asthma, i-allergies, i-rheumatoid arthritis, i-lupus okanye i-dermatological iingxaki, ukunciphisa iimpawu. Nangona kunjalo, xa isetyenziselwa ixesha elide okanye ngokungalunganga, i-corticosteroids inokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezininzi, ezinjengokutya ukutya, ukudinwa kunye novalo, umzekelo.

Iindidi zecorticosteroids

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-corticosteroids, ezisetyenziswa ngokuhambelana nengxaki ekufuneka inyangwe kwaye ibandakanya:

• Izihloko ze-corticosteroids: ziikhrimu, Amafutha, iigel okanye izinto zokuthambisa ezisetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukungahambelani komzimba kunye neemeko zolusu, ezinje nge-seborrheic dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, urticaria okanye i-eczema. Imizekelo: hydrocortisone, betamethasone, mometasone okanye dexamethasone.
• I-corticosteroids yomlomo: Iipilisi okanye izisombululo zomlomo ezisetyenziselwa unyango lwee-endocrine ezahlukeneyo, i-musculoskeletal, i-rheumatic, i-collagen, i-dermatological, i-aleji, i-ophthalmic, ukuphefumla, i-hematological, neoplastic kunye nezinye izifo. Imizekelo: prednisone okanye deflazacorte.
• I-corticosteroids enokwenzakala: kubonisiwe ukunyanga iimeko zokuphazamiseka kwemisipha, ukungahambelani kunye nokudumba, izifo ze-collagen, unyango lwe-palliative yamathumba amabi, phakathi kwabanye. Imizekelo: i-dexamethasone, i-betamethasone.
• Ukungenisa i-corticosteroids: sisixhobo esisetyenziselwa ukunyanga isifuba, isifo esinganyangekiyo semiphunga kunye nezinye izinto ezibangelwa kukungabikho komzimba. Imizekelo: i-fluticasone, i-budesonide.
• I-Corticosteroids kwi-nasal spray: zisetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-rhinitis kunye nokudumba okungathethekiyo kwempumlo. Imizekelo: i-fluticasone, i-mometasone.

Ukongeza, kukho ii-corticosteroids kumaconsi wamehlo, ukuze zisetyenziswe kwiliso, kunye ne-prednisolone okanye i-dexamethasone, umzekelo, enokusetyenziselwa unyango lweengxaki zamehlo, ezinje nge-conjunctivitis okanye uveitis, ukunciphisa ukudumba, ukucaphuka kunye nokubomvu.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokwenzeka

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-corticosteroids zixhaphake kakhulu kwiimeko apho umntu esebenzisa i-corticosteroids ixesha elide kwaye zibandakanya:

• Ukudinwa nokulala;
• Ukwanda kwenqanaba leswekile yegazi;
• Utshintsho kwinkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela, enokunciphisa ukukwazi komzimba ukulwa nosulelo;
• Ukuphazamiseka kunye novalo;
• Ukwanda kokutya;
• Ukutya;
• Isilonda esiswini;
• Ukudumba kwepancreas kunye nomqala;
• Negazi lendawo;
• I-Cataract, ukunyuka koxinzelelo lwe-intraocular kunye namehlo aphumileyo.

Funda ngezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezibangelwa zii-corticosteroids.

Ngubani ongafanele asebenzise

Ukusetyenziswa kwe-corticosteroids kuyaphikiswa kwizigulana ezine-hypersensitivity to the substance kunye nezinye izinto ezikhoyo kwifomula nakubantu abanesifo sefungal systemic okanye isifo esingalawulekiyo.

Ukongeza, ii-corticosteroids kufuneka zisetyenziswe ngononophelo kubantu abanexinzelelo, ukusilela kwentliziyo, ukusilela kwezintso, i-osteoporosis, isifo sokuwa, isilonda se-gastroduodenal, isifo seswekile, i-glaucoma, ukutyeba kakhulu okanye isifo sengqondo, kwaye kufuneka isetyenziswe kuphela phantsi kolawulo lukagqirha kwezi meko.

Ngaba kukhuselekile ukusetyenziswa ngexesha lokukhulelwa?

Ukusetyenziswa kwe-corticosteroids xa ukhulelwe akukhuthazwa, kuba kunokuba sengozini kusana okanye kunina. Ke, ukusetyenziswa kwe-corticosteroids kunyango lwezifo kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo kufuneka kwenziwe kuphela phantsi kwesikhokelo sengcali yokubelekisa kwaye xa izibonelelo zingaphezulu kobungozi obunokubakho.