Craniopharyngioma: yintoni na, iimpawu eziphambili, isifo kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa
• Unyango lwenziwa njani
• Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka
• Ngaba i-craniopharyngioma iyanyangeka?

I-Craniopharyngioma luhlobo olunqabileyo lwethumba, kodwa alunabungozi. Eli thumba lichaphazela ingingqi yesali yaseTurkey, kwinkqubo ye-nervous system (CNS), echaphazela idlala ebuchotsheni elibizwa ngokuba yi-pituitary gland, ekhupha iihomoni ukwenza imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yomzimba, kwaye njengoko ithumba likhula linokufikelela kwezinye amalungu omzimba.ingqondo kunye nokuphazamisa ukusebenza komzimba.

Kukho iindidi ezimbini ze-craniopharyngioma, i-adamantinomatous, eyona nto ixhaphakileyo kwaye ichaphazela abantwana ngakumbi kunabantu abadala, kunye nohlobo lwepapillary, olunqabileyo nolunabantu abadala rhoqo. Zombini zivela kwisiphene ekubunjweni kweeseli zengqondo, kwaye iimpawu ziyafana, kunye nentloko, ukulahleka okupheleleyo okanye okungaphelelanga kombono, iingxaki zokukhula ebantwaneni kunye nokudodobala kwehomoni kubantu abadala.

Unyango lolu hlobo lwethumba lunokwenziwa ngotyando, i-radiotherapy, unyango lwe-brachytherapy kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamayeza. I-Craniopharyngioma ine-resection enzima, kodwa ngonyango olululo, kunokwenzeka ukuba uphile ngomgangatho wobomi obungcono kwaye kunye ne-sequelae ye-neurological, visual kunye ne-endocrine.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Nangona kwezinye iimeko iimpawu zingavela ngesiquphe, ngesiqhelo, iimpawu zibonakala kancinci kancinci. Ezinye zazo zezi:

• Kunzima ukubona;
• Iintloko ezinzima;
• Ukuziva uxinzelelo entloko;
• Ukuphulukana nenkumbulo kunye nokukhubazeka ekufundeni;
• Kunzima ukulala;
• Ukufumana ubunzima ngokukhawuleza okukhulu;
• Seswekile.

Ukongeza, i-craniopharyngioma eguqula amanqanaba ehomoni, anokubangela ukuya exesheni ngokungaqhelekanga kunye nobunzima bokugcina okanye ukufumana ulwakhiwo kwaye, ebantwaneni, kunokubangela ukudodobala kokukhula.

Njengoko i-craniopharyngioma luhlobo olunqabileyo lwethumba kwaye lubangela iimpawu ezifanayo nezinye izifo, kuhlala kunzima ukufumanisa, ukufumanisa ixesha emva kokuqala kweempawu. Ke ngoko, kamsinya nje zakuvela iimpawu, kubalulekile ukuba ubone ugqirha wemithambo-luvo, njengoko ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunceda ekwenzeni unyango olungenanceba kunye nokunciphisa iingxaki.

Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa

Ukuchongwa kwe-craniopharyngioma ekuqaleni kubandakanya ukuvavanya iimpawu kunye nokwenza uvavanyo kuvavanyo lombono, ukuva, ibhalansi, ukulungelelaniswa kokuhamba komzimba, ingqondo, ukukhula kunye nophuhliso.

Ukongeza, ugqirha unokubonisa ukusebenza kovavanyo lwegazi ukuhlalutya amanqanaba ehomoni, njengokukhula kwehomoni (GH) kunye nehomoni ye-luteinizing (LH), njengoko utshintsho kula mahomoni lunokuhambelana ne-craniopharyngioma. Funda ngakumbi malunga nendima ye-luteinizing hormone kunye nexabiso lesalathiso kuvavanyo.

Ukuvavanya indawo ngqo kunye nobungakanani bethumba, kuvavanyo lwe-imaging efana nemagnetic resonance imaging kunye nekhompyuter ye-tomography ikwaboniswa. Nangona kunqabile, kwezinye iimeko, ugqirha unokucebisa ukuba kwenziwe i-biopsy ukukhuphela ngaphandle amathuba okuba ngumhlaza.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Kuxhomekeke kubukhulu kunye nendawo ye-craniopharyngioma, i-neurologist kunye ne-neurosurgeon iya kubonisa uhlobo lonyango, olunokuthi lube:

• Utyando: lwenziwa ukususa ithumba, elinokwenziwa ngokunqunyulwa kwikakayi okanye nge-catheter yevidiyo, efakwa empumlweni. Ngamanye amaxesha, eli thumba lisuswe ngokuyinxenye kuba lisondele kwimimandla ethile yobuchopho;

• Unyango ngonyango: xa ithumba lingasuswanga ngokupheleleyo, kuboniswa i-radiotherapy, eyenziwa kumatshini okhupha uhlobo lwamandla ngokuthe ngqo kwithumba kwaye ke oko kunceda ekubulaleni iiseli ezigulayo;
• Unyango ngonyango: iyafana nonyango lwemitha, kodwa kule meko, ugqirha ubeka into enemitha yeathom ngaphakathi kwethumba ukubulala iiseli ezigulayo;
• Unyango ngamayeza: iquka ukulawulwa kwamachiza atshabalalisa iiseli ze-craniopharyngioma;
• Amachiza okubuyisela iHormone: lunyango olusebenza ekulawuleni amanqanaba ehomoni emzimbeni;
• Unyango ekujoliswe kulo: Iqulathe ukulawulwa kwamachiza afikelela kwiiseli ezinenguqu yemfuza, uphawu lweentlobo ezithile ze-craniopharyngioma.

Ukongeza, uphando luyaqhubeka, apho kunyangwa khona amayeza amatsha e-craniopharyngioma kwaye ezinye izibhedlele kunye neeklinikhi zamkela abantu ukuba bazame olu nyango.

Unyango ngamachiza okubuyisela i-hormone kufuneka lwenziwe ebomini kwaye, ukongeza, ukubeka esweni rhoqo ugqirha we-endocrinologist kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngamanye amaxesha, kusenokufuneka uphinde wenze olunye utyando, kuba kaloku eli thumba linokuphinda likhule.

Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka

I-Craniopharyngioma, nasemva kokuba inyangwe, inokubangela utshintsho emzimbeni, kuba kwiimeko ezininzi, amanqanaba eehomoni ahlala etshintshiwe, ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina unyango olucetyiswa ngugqirha. Kwaye okwangoku, xa ifikelela kwinxalenye yengqondo ebizwa ngokuba yihypothalamus, inokubangela ukutyeba kakhulu, ukulibaziseka kokukhula, utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha, ukungalingani kubushushu bomzimba, ukunxanwa okungaphezulu, ukuqaqanjelwa sisisu kunye nokunyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi.

Ukongeza, kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, xa i-craniopharyngioma inyuka ngokobukhulu, inokubangela ubumfama okanye iphazamise iindawo zokakayi, ekhokelela ekufumaneni ulwelo kwaye ibangele i-hydrocephalus. Jonga ngakumbi malunga nehydrocephalus.

Ngaba i-craniopharyngioma iyanyangeka?

I-Craniopharyngioma ayinanyango kwaye yiyo loo nto kufuneka ukuba uqhubeke nokusebenzisa amayeza ebomini bakho bonke, ngenxa yeengxaki zehomoni, kunye nokufumana ixesha lokucinga kunye nokuvavanywa kwegazi njengoko kucetyisiwe ngugqirha, njengoko ithumba lisenokuphinda libuye. Ngaphandle koku, unyango luye lwaya luqhubela phambili, lukuvumela ukuba uphile ixesha elide kunye nomgangatho wobomi obungcono.