I-ADHD kunye noxinzelelo: Yintoni ikhonkco?

Umxholo

• Ziintoni iimpawu?
• Ziziphi izinto ezinobungozi?
• Ukwabelana ngesondo
• Uhlobo lwe-ADHD
• Imbali yempilo yoomama
• Uyintoni umngcipheko weengcinga zokuzibulala?
• Uthintelo lokuzibulala
• Unyango lwe-ADHD kunye noxinzelelo
• Ukuthatha

I-ADHD kunye noxinzelelo

Ukuqwalaselwa kwentsilelo yokuchaphazeleka kwengqondo (ADHD) sisifo se-neurodevelopmental disorder. Inokuchaphazela iimvakalelo zakho, indlela yokuziphatha, kunye neendlela zokufunda. Abantu abane-ADHD bahlala bechongwa njengabantwana, kwaye uninzi luyaqhubeka nokubonisa iimpawu ebudaleni. Ukuba une-ADHD, ungathatha amanyathelo okuyilawula. Ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza, unyango ngokuziphatha, ukucebisa, okanye ezinye iindlela zonyango.

Inani elingenakulinganiswa labantwana kunye nabantu abadala abane-ADHD nabo bafumana uxinzelelo. Umzekelo, abaphandi abavela kwiDyunivesithi yaseChicago bafumanise ukuba ulutsha olune-ADHD ngamathuba ali-10 okuba nokudakumba kunabo bangenayo i-ADHD. Ukudakumba kunokuchaphazela nabantu abadala abane-ADHD.

Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba une-ADHD, uxinzelelo, okanye zombini, yenza idinga nogqirha wakho. Banokukunceda ekuchongeni iimpawu zakho. Banokukunceda wenze isicwangciso sonyango esikusebenzelayo.

Ziintoni iimpawu?

I-ADHD ligama lesambrela kuluhlu olubanzi lweempawu. Zintathu izinto eziphambili kulo meko:

• Uhlobo lokungakhathaleli ikakhulu: Unokuba olu hlobo lwe-ADHD ukuba unengxaki yokunikela ingqalelo, umzabalazo wokucwangcisa iingcinga zakho, kwaye uphazamiseke ngokulula.
• Uhlobo olugqithisileyo olungxamisekileyo: Unokuba nohlobo lwe-ADHD ukuba uhlala uziva ungenasiphelo, uphazamisa okanye ukhupha ulwazi, kwaye ukufumanisa kunzima ukuhlala uzolile.
• Uhlobo lomdibaniso: Ukuba udibaniso lweentlobo ezimbini ezichazwe apha ngasentla, unodibaniso lwe-ADHD.

Ukudakumba kunokubangela iimpawu ezahlukeneyo. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya:

• iimvakalelo eziqhubekayo zosizi, ukungabi nathemba, ukungabikho
• Ukuziva uxhalabile, ukuba nochuku, ukungazinzi, okanye ukukhathazeka
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla kwizinto obukade uzonwabela
• ingxaki ukunikela ingqalelo
• utshintsho kumdla wakho wokutya
• ingxaki yokulala
• ukudinwa

Ezinye zeempawu zokudakumba ziyadibana neempawu ze-ADHD. Oku kunokwenza kube nzima ukuxelela iimeko ezimbini ngokwahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, ukungazinzi kunye nokudinwa kunokuba luphawu lwazo zombini i-ADHD kunye noxinzelelo. Ngamanye amaxesha, amayeza amiselweyo e-ADHD anokuvelisa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezifanisa nokudakumba. Amanye amayeza e-ADHD anokubangela:

• ubunzima bokulala
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya
• ukuhamba kweemvakalelo
• ukudinwa
• ukungazinzi

Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba unokudakumba, yenza idinga nogqirha wakho. Banokukunceda ukuphawula unobangela weempawu zakho.

Ziziphi izinto ezinobungozi?

Ukuba une-ADHD, uninzi lwezinto ezinobungozi zichaphazela amathuba okuba nokudakumba.

Ukwabelana ngesondo

Kusenokwenzeka ukuba uphuhlise i-ADHD ukuba uyindoda. Kodwa ngokutsho kwabaphandi abavela kwiYunivesithi yaseChicago, kunokwenzeka ukuba uhlakulele ukudakumba nge-ADHD ukuba ungowasetyhini. Abasetyhini abane-ADHD banomngcipheko ophezulu wokudakumba kunamadoda.

Uhlobo lwe-ADHD

Abaphandi abavela kwiDyunivesithi yaseChicago bakwafumanise ukuba abantu abanohlobo lokungakhathali lwe-ADHD okanye uhlobo oludibeneyo lwe-ADHD kunokwenzeka ukuba babe noxinzelelo kunabo baneentlobo ezahlukeneyo ezingxamisekileyo.

Imbali yempilo yoomama

Imeko yempilo yengqondo kamama wakho ikwachaphazela amathuba okuba nokudakumba. Kwinqaku elipapashwe kwiJAMA Psychiatry, oososayensi baxela ukuba abasetyhini ababenokudakumba okanye ukukhubazeka kwe-serotonin ngexesha lokukhulelwa banamathuba okuba bazale abantwana abathi kamva bafunyaniswa bene-ADHD, uxinzelelo, okanye zombini. Uphando olungakumbi luyafuneka. Kodwa ezi ziphumo zibonisa ukuba umsebenzi ophantsi we-serotonin unokuchaphazela ingqondo yomntwana okhulayo, ukudala iimpawu ezifana ne-ADHD.

Uyintoni umngcipheko weengcinga zokuzibulala?

Ukuba ufumene ukuba une-ADHD phakathi kweminyaka emi-4 ukuya kwe-6, unokuba semngciphekweni omkhulu wokudakumba kwaye ube neengcinga zokuzibulala kamva ebomini. Uphando olupapashwe kwiJAMA Psychiatry luxele ukuba amantombazana aphakathi kweminyaka emi-6 neli-18 ubudala ene-ADHD kunokwenzeka ukuba acinge ngokuzibulala kunontanga babo ngaphandle kwe-ADHD. Abo banoluhlobo lwe-ADHD olungxamisekileyo olungxamisekileyo kunokwenzeka ngakumbi ukuba bazibulale kunabo banezinye iintlobo zale meko.

Umngcipheko wakho wokucinga ngokuzibulala usezantsi. Umphathi wophononongo, uGqirha Benjamin Lahey, uthi, "Iinzame zokuzibulala zazinqabile, nakweli qela lokufunda… ngaphezulu kwama-80 epesenti abantwana abane-ADHD zange bazame ukuzibulala."

Uthintelo lokuzibulala

Ukuba ucinga ukuba umntu usemngciphekweni wokuzenzakalisa okanye wenzakalise omnye umntu:

• Tsalela u-911 okanye inombolo yakho yongxamiseko yasekuhlaleni.
• Hlala naloo mntu de kufike uncedo.
• Susa nayiphi na imipu, iimela, amayeza, okanye ezinye izinto ezinokubangela ingozi.
• Mamela, kodwa musa ukugweba, ukuphikisa, ukugrogrisa, okanye ukukhwaza.

Ukuba ucinga ukuba umntu othile ucinga ngokuzibulala, fumana uncedo kwingxaki okanye kumnxeba onqabileyo wokuthintela ukuzibulala. Zama iNqanaba lokuSebenza lokuThintela ukuzibulala ku-800-273-8255.

Imithombo: Ukuzibulala kuThintelo kuZwelonke kunye Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi kunye noLawulo lweeNkonzo zeMpilo yeNgqondo

Unyango lwe-ADHD kunye noxinzelelo

Ukuchongwa kwangoko kunye nonyango kubalulekile ekulawuleni iimpawu ze-ADHD kunye noxinzelelo. Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba unemeko enye okanye zombini, yenza idinga nogqirha wakho. Banokukunceda wenze isicwangciso sonyango esikusebenzelayo.

Ugqirha wakho unokuyalela indibaniselwano yonyango, enje ngamayeza, unyango lokuziphatha, kunye nonyango lokuthetha. Amanye amayeza okulwa noxinzelelo anokunceda ekunciphiseni iimpawu ze-ADHD. Umzekelo, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela imipramine, desipramine, okanye bupropion. Banokuyalela amayeza avuselelayo e-ADHD.

Unyango lokuziphatha lunokukunceda uphuhlise iindlela zokulwa nokulawula iimpawu zakho. Inokukunceda ukuphucula ugxininiso lwakho kunye nokwakha ukuzithemba kwakho. Ukuthetha ngonyango kunokubonelela ngoncedo lweempawu zoxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo lokulawula imeko yezempilo engapheliyo. Ukukhokela kwindlela yokuphila esempilweni kubalulekile. Umzekelo, zama ukulala ngokwaneleyo, utye ukutya okunesondlo, kwaye wenze umthambo rhoqo.

Ukuthatha

Ukuba unayo i-ADHD, amathuba akho okuphucula uxinzelelo ayonyuka. Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba unengxaki yoxinzelelo, yenza idinga nogqirha wakho. Banokukunceda uchonge unobangela weempawu zakho kwaye bacebise unyango.

Ukuphila ne-ADHD kunye noxinzelelo kunokuba ngumceli mngeni, kodwa ungathatha amanyathelo wokulawula zombini ezi meko. Ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza ahlaziyayo kunye noxinzelelo. Banokucebisa ngokucebisa okanye ngezinye iindlela zonyango.