Disautonomia: yintoni, iimpawu eziphambili kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Izizathu ezinokubangela
• Zithini iindidi
• Unyango lwenziwa njani

I-Dysautonomy, okanye ukungasebenzi ngokuzimela, ligama lonyango elisetyenziselwa ukuchaza imeko eyonakalisa imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yomzimba, njengoko ibangela utshintsho kwinkqubo ye-autonomic nervous. Le nkqubo yenziwa yingqondo kunye nemithambo-luvo kwaye inoxanduva lokuhamba okungazibandakanyi komzimba ofana nokubetha kwentliziyo, ukulawula umoya, ulawulo lobushushu kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi.

Kwi-dysautonomia, inkqubo eguqulweyo yemithambo-luvo inika iimpendulo ezichasene noko kulindelweyo. Ukulawulwa kwempendulo "yokulwa okanye ukubaleka", kwimeko "yokuhlaselwa", umzekelo, impendulo eqhelekileyo yomzimba kukonyuka kokubetha, uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye namandla, kodwa kwi-dysautonomia impendulo ayonelanga kwaye kukho ukwehla kwenqanaba lentliziyo, ukwehla koxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nokunciphisa amandla, ukudinwa kunye nokozela.

Iimpawu ze-dysautonomia azihlali zibonakala, nangona kunjalo, iimpawu ezinje ngesiyezi, ukuphelelwa ngamandla, ukuphefumla kancinci, ukudinwa okugqithisileyo, ukungakwazi ukuma, iingxaki zombono, i-vertigo kunye nokulahleka kwememori kunokuvela. Ke, njengoko ezi mpawu ziqhelekile kwezinye iimeko, zinokudideka nezinye izifo.

Olu tshintsho alunazo izizathu ezithile, kodwa lunokwenzeka ngenxa yeziphumo zesifo seswekile, i-fibromyalgia, i-amyloidosis, i-porphyria, i-traumas kunye nokwenzakala kwenkqubo ye-nervous system. Ukuchongwa kwe-dysautonomy kwenziwa ngovavanyo lweklinikhi olwenziwa yi-neurologist okanye i-cardiologist kunye novavanyo lwemfuza, kuba akukho lunyango, kodwa unyango kunye namayeza angenziwa ukunciphisa iimpawu.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Iimpawu ze-dysautonomia zinokwahluka ngohlobo, ziyahluka ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye kwaye akusoloko kunokwenzeka ukuzibona. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko esi sifo sibangela utshintsho kwinkqubo yeemvakalelo, singakhokelela ekubonakaleni kweempawu ezinje:

• Isiyezi;
• Ukufa;
• Ukuphefumla ngesiquphe;
• Buthathaka kwezihlunu;
• Ukungakwazi ukuma;
• Isicaphucaphu nokugabha;
• Iingxaki zombono;
• Ukulahleka kwememori;
• Ukutshintsha ngesiquphe kwemood;
• Uvakalelo ekukhanyeni;
• Ubambo:
• Kunzima ukwenza umthambo;
• Iinyikima ezigqithisileyo.

Eminye imiqondiso ye-dysautonomia ichongwa kuphela kwizixhobo ezithile okanye kuvavanyo, olunokuthi lube kukuhla koxinzelelo, ukonyuka okanye ukwehla kwenqanaba lentliziyo, ukwehla koxinzelelo lwegazi, iingxaki ekugcineni ubushushu bomzimba kunye nokunciphisa iswekile yegazi.

Ukuchongwa kwale meko kunokwenziwa yi-neurologist okanye i-cardiologist ngohlalutyo lwezi mpawu kunye novavanyo olongezelelekileyo, olufana novavanyo lwemfuza olwenzela ukufumanisa utshintsho kwimfuza yomzimba.

Izizathu ezinokubangela

I-Dysautonomia inokuvela kubantu bayo nayiphi na iminyaka, isini okanye ubuhlanga, kodwa ezinye iintlobo zinokuba zixhaphake kakhulu kwabasetyhini, njenge-postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, umzekelo. Izizathu zolu tshintsho azichazwanga kakuhle, kodwa zinokuvela ngenxa yezinye izifo ezinje ngesifo seswekile, i-amyloidosis, i-fibromyalgia, i-myeloma ezininzi, i-porphyria, i-trauma kunye nokwenzakala kwinkqubo ye-nervous system.

Ezinye iimeko zinokukhokelela ekubonakaleni kwe-dysautonomia, njengokusebenzisa kakhulu utywala kunye namayeza athile, anje ngee-anti-depressants, antihypertensives, antipsychotic okanye i-antineoplastic drug, kodwa la matyala awanqabile. Bona ezinye izifo ezinokubangelwa kukusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi.

Zithini iindidi

I-Dysautonomy yimeko ebangela utshintsho kwinkqubo ye-autonomic nervous kwaye inokubonakala ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, ezona ntlobo ziphambili zezi:

• I-postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome: isekwe ekubonakaleni kweempawu ezinje ngesiyezi, ukunyuka kwentliziyo, ukuphefumla kakhulu kunye nentlungu esifubeni, ikakhulu ichaphazela abasetyhini abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-40;
• Isyncope ye-Neurocardiogenic: luhlobo oluqhelekileyo, lukhokelela ekubonakaleni rhoqo;
• I-dysautonomy yosapho: kunqabile kakhulu, kubonakala kuphela kubantu abayinzala yama-Ashkenazi amaYuda;
• Inkqubo yeatrophy: Iqukethe olona hlobo luqatha, apho iimpawu ziyafana nesifo sikaParkinson kwaye zihlala zisiba mbi kunye nexesha;
• I-Autonomic dysreflexia: ichaphazela kakhulu abantu abenzakeleyo.

Olunye uhlobo lwe-dysautonomia yi-autonomic yeswekile ye-neuropathy eyenzeka ngenxa yotshintsho olwenziwe sisifo seswekile kwaye ichaphazele imithambo-luvo elawula intliziyo, ekhokelela ekuveleni kweengxaki zokulawula ubushushu bomzimba, iswekile yegazi, uxinzelelo lwegazi, ukusebenza kwesinyi kwaye inokubangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-erectile. Fumanisa ukuba unyango lwe-neuropathy luziphatha njani.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

I-Dysautonomy sisifo esibi kwaye ayinanyango, ke unyango lusekwe kumanqanaba enkxaso kunye nokukhululeka kweempawu ezinokuthi zenziwe ngeeseshoni ze-physiotherapy ukomeleza ukuhamba komzimba, imisebenzi yonyango lokuthetha, ukuba umntu unengxaki yokuginya kunye nonyango kunye nesayikholojisti ukunceda umntu ajongane nale meko.

Ngamanye amaxesha, njengoko i-dysautonomia ibangela ukulahleka kokulinganisela kunye nokuhla koxinzelelo lwegazi, ugqirha unokucebisa ukuba umntu asele ngaphezulu kwe-2 yeelitha zamanzi ngosuku, atye ukutya okunetyuwa eninzi kwaye asebenzise amayeza anje nge-fludrocortisone.