Yintoni i-aortic dissection, iimpawu eziphambili kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa
• Yintoni ebangela ukusasazeka kwe-aortic
• Unyango lwenziwa njani
• Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka

Ukuqhekeka kwe-aorta, okwaziwa njenge-aortic dissection, yinto engxamisekileyo yezonyango, apho umaleko ongaphakathi we-aorta, obizwa ngokuba yi-intima, unenyembezi encinci, apho igazi linokungena khona, lifikelela kweyona ndawo ikude. kubangela iimpawu ezinje ngequbuliso kunye neentlungu ezibuhlungu esifubeni, imvakalelo yokuphefumla kancinci kunye nokufa isiqaqa.

Nangona inqabile, le meko ixhaphake kakhulu emadodeni angaphezu kwe-60, ngakumbi xa kukho imbali yezonyango engalawulekiyo uxinzelelo lwegazi, isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi, ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi okanye enye ingxaki yentliziyo.

Xa kukho ukukrokrela ukusasazeka kwe-ortho, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuya esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza, kuba xa ichongwa kwiiyure zokuqala ezingama-24, kukho inqanaba eliphezulu lempumelelo yonyango, edla ngokwenziwa ngamayeza ngqo emthanjeni ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye notyando.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Iimpawu ze-aortic dissection ziyahluka ngokubanzi ukusuka kumntu ukuya kumntu, nangona kunjalo, zinokubandakanya:

• Ngokukhawuleza kunye neentlungu ezibuhlungu esifubeni, ngasemva okanye kwisisu;
• Ukuziva uphefumla kancinci;
• Ubuthathaka emilenzeni okanye ezingalweni;
• Ukufa isiqaqa
• Kunzima ukuthetha, ukubona okanye ukuhamba;
• Ukubetha okungaphantsi, okunokwenzeka kuphela kwicala elinye lomzimba.

Kuba ezi mpawu ziyafana nezinye iingxaki zentliziyo, kunokwenzeka ukuba ukuxilongwa kuya kuthatha ixesha elide kubantu esele benesifo sentliziyo, esidinga iimvavanyo ezininzi. Jonga iimpawu ezili-12 zeengxaki zentliziyo.

Nanini na xa kuvela iingxaki zeengxaki zentliziyo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uye ngokukhawuleza esibhedlele uyokuchonga unobangela kwaye uqalise ngonyango ngokukhawuleza.

Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa

Ukuchongwa kwe-orta dissection kuhlala kwenziwa ngugqirha wezifo zentliziyo, emva kokuvavanya iimpawu, imbali yezonyango yomntu kunye nokuvavanywa okunje ngesifuba X-ray, electrocardiogram, echocardiogram, computed tomography kunye nemagneti resonance.

Yintoni ebangela ukusasazeka kwe-aortic

Ukusasazeka kwe-aortic kuhlala kwenzeka kwi-aorta ebuthathaka kwaye ke ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abanembali yoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu okanye i-atherosclerosis. Nangona kunjalo, inokwenzeka kwakhona ngenxa yezinye iimeko ezichaphazela udonga lwe-aortic, njenge-Marfan's syndrome okanye utshintsho kwi-bicuspid valve yentliziyo.

Ngokungaqhelekanga, ukusikwa kungasenzeka ngenxa yomothuko, okt ngenxa yeengozi okanye ukubetha kakhulu esiswini.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lwe-aortic dissection kufuneka lwenziwe kwakamsinya emva kokuba isifo siqinisekisiwe, ukuqala ngokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi, njenge-beta-blockers. Ukongeza, njengoko iintlungu zinokukhokelela kukonyuka koxinzelelo kunye nokuba mandundu kwemeko, ii-analgesics ezinamandla, ezinjenge morphine, nazo zinokusetyenziswa.

Ngamanye amaxesha, kusenokufuneka kwenziwe utyando ukulungisa udonga lwe-aortic. Isidingo sotyando sivavanywa ngugqirha wotyando lwe-cardiothoracic, kodwa ihlala ixhomekeke apho kususwe khona uqhaqho. Ke, ukuba ukusikwa kuchaphazela indawo enyukayo ye-aorta, utyando olukhawulezileyo luhlala lubonakalisiwe, kanti ukuba ukwahlulwa kuvela kwinxalenye esehlayo, ugqirha ugqirha angaqala avavanye ukuqhubela phambili kwemeko kunye neempawu, kwaye utyando alunakuba yimfuneko .

Xa kukho imfuneko, ngesiqhelo lutyando oluntsonkothileyo noludla ixesha, njengoko ugqirha kufuneka atshintshe indawo echaphazelekileyo ye-aorta ngesicatshulwa sezinto zokwenziwa.

Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka

Kukho iingxaki ezininzi ezinxulunyaniswa ne-aortic dissection, ezona ziphambili zibandakanya ukuqhekeka kwemithambo, kunye nokuphuhliswa kokuqhaqheka kweminye imithambo ebalulekileyo, enjengezo zihambisa igazi zisiya entliziyweni. Yiyo ke loo nto, ukongeza kunyango lwe-aortic dissection, oogqirha ngokubanzi bavavanya ukubonakala kweengxaki ekufuneka zinyangwe, ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokufa.

Kwanasemva konyango, kukho umngcipheko omkhulu wokuba neengxaki ezenzeka kwiminyaka emibini yokuqala, ke ngoko, umntu lowo kufuneka abonisane rhoqo nogqirha wezentliziyo, kunye neemviwo, ezinje ngecomputer tomography kunye nemagnetic resonance imaging, ukuchonga iingxaki ezinokubakho kwangoko .

Ukuthintela ukuqala kweengxaki, abantu abaye bafumana ukusikwa kwe-aortic kufuneka balandele imiyalelo kagqirha, kunye nokuthintela imikhwa enokunyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi. Ke kuyacetyiswa ukuba kuthintelwe ukwenza umsebenzi omninzi kakhulu kunye nokutya okunezondlo okunetyuwa encinci.