Isikhokelo seNgxoxo ngoGqirha: Yintoni ekufuneka uyibuze kwi-Oncologist yakho malunga noMgaqo wokuqala woNyango lweCancer yamabele

Umxholo

• 1. Kutheni le ilolona khetho lulungileyo kum?
• 2. Iyintoni injongo yonyango?
• 3. Kusebenza njani ukulawula umhlaza?
• 4. Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho kunyango?
• 5. Zingalawulwa njani iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga?
• 6. Kufuneka ndenze ntoni ukulungiselela olu nyango?
• 7. Iza kuyichaphazela njani indlela endiphila ngayo?
• 8. Siza kwazi njani ukuba iyasebenza?
• 9. Ukuba ayisebenzi, yeyiphi inyathelo lethu elilandelayo?

Andiqinisekanga ukuba uza kubuza ntoni ngexesha lokuqeshwa kwakho okulandelayo? Nayi imibuzo esithoba ekufuneka uyiqwalasele malunga nokhetho lonyango lokuqala.

1. Kutheni le ilolona khetho lulungileyo kum?

Zininzi iindlela zokusondela kunyango lomhlaza wamabele. Ugqirha wakho wenza izindululo ngokusekwe kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya:

• uhlobo lomhlaza wamabele
• isigaba sokuxilongwa
• iminyaka yakho
• impilo yakho iyonke, kubandakanya nayiphi na eminye imeko yonyango
• ingaba oku kukuchongwa ngokutsha okanye ukuphindeka
• unyango lwangaphambili kunye nendlela obanyamezele ngayo
• ukhetho lwakho

Kutheni ibalulekile loo nto?: Ngenxa yokuba zonke iintlobo zomhlaza webele azifani, kananjalo ukhetho lwakho lonyango alufani. Ukuqonda ukhetho olufumanekayo kumhlaza wakho kunokukunceda uzive ukhululekile ukuba uthatha isigqibo esifanelekileyo.

2. Iyintoni injongo yonyango?

Xa uhambele phambili kumhlaza webele, iinjongo zakho zinokwahluka kunokuba ubunomdlavuza webele wokuqala. Ezinye izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe zezi:

• umhlaza wakho webele ukude kangakanani kunye nokuba ngawaphi amalungu achaphazelekayo
• ubudala
• impilo iyonke

Ngokusisiseko, ufuna ukuqonda imeko-bume yolu nyango. Ngaba injongo kukususa wonke umhlaza? Nciphisa ithumba? Ukucotha ukusasazeka komhlaza? Ngaba unyanga iintlungu kwaye uphucule umgangatho wobomi?

Kutheni ibalulekile loo nto?: Kubalulekile ukuba iinjongo zakho zobuqu kunye neenjongo zikagqirha ziyahambelana. Ukuba abakho, thetha ngokunyanisekileyo malunga nokulindelweyo.

3. Kusebenza njani ukulawula umhlaza?

Unyango ngalunye lomhlaza wamabele lusebenza ngokwahlukileyo.

Umzekelo, unyango lwemitha lusebenzisa imitha yamandla ephezulu ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Amachiza e-Chemotherapy afuna kwaye atshabalalise iiseli ezikhula ngokukhawuleza, kubandakanya neeseli zomhlaza.

Olunye unyango lwehomoni olusetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-HR-positive (i-hormone receptor-positive) umhlaza umisa umzimba wakho ekwenzeni i-estrogen. Abanye bathintela iihormoni ekufakeleni iiseli zomhlaza. Enye ibhloko ye-estrogen receptors kwiiseli zomhlaza, kwaye emva koko utshabalalise ii-receptors.

Unyango lweziyobisi ekujoliswe kulo kwi-HER2-positive (i-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive) umhlaza webele uhlasela iziphene ezithile kwiiseli zomhlaza.

Ugqirha wakho unokuchaza ngokuchanekileyo ukuba unyango lwakho lusebenza njani ukulawula umhlaza.

Kutheni ibalulekile loo nto?Ukuphila nomhlaza wamabele kunokuba lucelomngeni. Kukho ulwazi oluninzi oluya kuthatha, kwaye ukwazi ukuba ulindele ntoni kunyango lwakho kunokunceda.

4. Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho kunyango?

Unyango ngalunye lomhlaza webele lunokubangela iseti ethile yeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Imitha inokubangela:

• ukucaphuka kolusu
• ukudinwa
• umonakalo kwizitho ezikufuphi

I-Chemotherapy inokubangela:

• isicaphucaphu nokugabha
• ukudinwa
• ukulahleka kweenwele
• iinzipho ezikrwada kunye neenzwane
• izilonda zomlomo okanye iintsini ezophayo
• ukwanda kwengozi yosulelo
• ukuya exesheni ngaphambi kwexesha

Iingxaki zonyango lweHormone ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwichiza elithile, kwaye linokubandakanya:

• kushushu okanye ukubila ebusuku
• ukoma kwilungu lobufazi
• ukunciphisa amathambo (i-osteoporosis)
• Umngcipheko okhulayo wamahlwili egazi kunye nokufa icala

Ukunyanga okujolise kunyango lwe-HER2 + umhlaza webele kunokubangela:

• intloko ebuhlungu
• isicaphucaphu
• urhudo
• Intlungu yesandla neenyawo
• ukulahleka kweenwele
• ukudinwa
• iingxaki zentliziyo okanye zemiphunga
• ukwanda kwengozi yosulelo

Ugqirha wakho unokuchaza ezona ngxaki zinokubakho kunyango oza kuluthatha.

Kutheni ibalulekile loo nto?: Iingxaki zinokoyikisa xa ungazilindelanga. Ukwazi ezinye zezinto ezinokwenzeka kwangaphambili kungakongela uxinzelelo.

5. Zingalawulwa njani iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga?

Unako ukujongana neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa, kodwa ezinye zinokuphazamisa ubomi bakho. Amanye amayeza anokunceda ukunciphisa ezinye iimpawu. Oku kubandakanya:

• amayeza entlungu
• amayeza antinausea
• into yokuthambisa ulusu
• ukuhlamba umlomo
• umthambo omnene kunye nonyango olongezelelekileyo

Ugqirha wakho unokubonelela ngamayeza kunye neengcebiso kulawulo lweempawu, okanye ade akuthumele kwingcali yokhathalelo.

Kutheni ibalulekile loo nto?: Ukuba unyango luyasebenza kwaye unokwenza okuthile ukwenza ukuba iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinyamezeleke, uya kuba nakho ukunamathela kunyango lwakho lwangoku. Ukuba iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga azinyamezeleki, kuyakufuneka uqwalasele ezinye iindlela.

6. Kufuneka ndenze ntoni ukulungiselela olu nyango?

Akunakufuneka wenze nantoni na ukulungiselela, kodwa uya kufuna ukwazi izinto ezimbalwa ezixhomekeke kuhlobo lonyango.

Ngonyango lwe-radiation, uya kufuna ukubuza:

• Liza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani iseshoni yonyango nganye?
• Yintoni ebandakanyekayo?
• Ndizokwazi ukuqhuba ngokwam?
• Ngaba kufuneka ndilungiselele ulusu lwam nangayiphi na indlela?

Ngokubhekisele kwichemotherapy, kuya kufuneka ufumane iimpendulo kwezi zilandelayo:

• Luza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani unyango ngalunye?
• Yintoni ebandakanyekayo?
• Ndizokwazi ukuqhuba ngokwam?
• Ngaba kukhona into ekufuneka ndiyizisile?
• Ngaba ndiya kuyidinga izibuko le-chemo?

Iqela lakho le-oncology linokubonelela ngeengcebiso malunga nendlela onokuzonwabisa ngayo ngexesha nasemva kolu nyango.

Imibuzo yokubuza ugqirha wakho malunga nehommone kunye nonyango ekujolise kulo:

• Ngaba eli liyeza lonyango, isitofu okanye ukumiliselwa?
• Ndiza kuyithatha kangaphi?
• Ngaba kufuneka ndiyithathe ngexesha elithile okanye ngokutya?
• Ngaba lukhona unxibelelwano olunokubakho nezinye iziyobisi?

Kutheni ibalulekile loo nto?Unyango lomhlaza akufuneki lube yinto eyenzeka kuwe. Ngokubuza imibuzo efanelekileyo, unokuba liqabane elisebenzayo kunyango lwakho.

7. Iza kuyichaphazela njani indlela endiphila ngayo?

Ukuhlala nomhlaza wamabele kunokuchaphazela lonke icandelo lobomi bakho, ukusuka emsebenzini ukuya kwimisebenzi yolonwabo ukuya kubudlelwane bosapho. Olunye unyango lufuna ixesha elininzi lokuzinikela kwaye lubangele iziphumo ezingathandekiyo.

Kubalulekile kwimpilo-ntle yakho ukuba ugqirha wakho aziqonde izinto eziza kuqala.

Kutheni ibalulekile loo nto?Ukuba kukho iminyhadala okanye imisebenzi ebalulekileyo kuwe, ufuna ukufumana lonke ithuba lokuthatha inxaxheba kwaye uyonwabele ngokupheleleyo.

8. Siza kwazi njani ukuba iyasebenza?

Akusoloko kulula ukwazi ukuba unyango lomhlaza lusebenza kwangoko. Unokuphucula ukunganyangeki kwezinye iziyobisi ekuhambeni kwexesha.

Kuxhomekeke kunyango lwakho, unokufuna uvavanyo lwamaxesha ngamaxesha ukuze ubone ukuba iyasebenza na. Oku kunokubandakanya:

• iimvavanyo zokucinga, ezinje nge-X-ray, i-CT scan, okanye ukuskena kwethambo
• kuvavanyo lwegazi ukufumana uphawu lwethumba
• ukuvavanywa kweempawu

Kutheni ibalulekile loo nto?: Ukuba unyango oluthile alusebenzi, akukho sizathu sokuqhubeka, ngakumbi ukuba ujongene neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezingathandekiyo.

9. Ukuba ayisebenzi, yeyiphi inyathelo lethu elilandelayo?

Umhlaza unzima. Unyango lodidi lokuqala alusoloko lusebenza, kwaye ukutshintsha unyango akuqhelekanga. Ngumbono olungileyo ukwazi ukuba zeziphi iindlela ozikhethayo ezantsi kwendlela.

Kutheni ibalulekile loo nto?Kukho ezinye izinto onokuzama ngazo. Ukuba uqhubekile nomhlaza webele, unokufuna ukuyeka unyango lomhlaza ngaxa lithile. Kule meko, unokuqhubeka nokunyanga, umgangatho wobomi bonyango.