Yintoni egqunywa ngamayeza xa unesi sifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo?

Umxholo

• Ngaba i-Medicare igubungela ukhathalelo lwe-dementia?
• Ngaba i-Medicare igubungela indawo okanye ukhathalelo lwezigulana zesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo?
• Izibhedlele
• Amaziko abongikazi abanezakhono (SNFs)
• Ngaba i-Medicare igubungela ukhathalelo lwasekhaya lwesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo?
• Ngaba amayeza ayakugubungela ukuvavanyelwa isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo?
• Ngaba i-Medicare igubungela i-hospice yabantu abanesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo?
• Ngawaphi amalungu oNyango lweMedicare agubungela ukhathalelo lwengqondo?
• Ukugubungela amayeza ngenxalenye
• Ngubani olungeleyo kwi-Medicare yokufumana ukhathalelo lwe-dementia?
• Yintoni isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo?
• Umgca wezantsi

• I-Medicare igubungela ezinye zeendleko ezinxulumene nokunakekelwa kwesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo, kubandakanya nokuhlala esibhedlele, ukhathalelo lwempilo yasekhaya, kunye neemvavanyo ezifanelekileyo zokuqonda isifo.
• Ezinye izicwangciso zeMedare, njengezicwangciso zeemfuno ezizodwa, zijolise ngokukodwa kubantu abaneemeko ezingapheliyo ezifana nesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo.
• I-Medicare ayihlali igubungela ukhathalelo lwexesha elide, njengaleyo ibonelelwa kwikhaya labongikazi okanye indawo yokuhlala encedisiweyo.
• Kukho izixhobo ezikhoyo, ezinje ngezicwangciso zeMedigap kunye neMedicaid, ezinokukunceda ukujongana neenkonzo zokhathalelo lwesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo ezingafakwanga yiMedicare.

Isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo ligama elisetyenziselwa ukubhekisa kwimeko apho ukucinga, inkumbulo, kunye nokwenza izigqibo kuye kwaphazamiseka, kuphazamisa imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla. Isifo se-Alzheimer luhlobo lwesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo. I-Medicare yinkqubo ye-inshurensi yezempilo egubungela imiba ethile yokhathalelo lwesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo.

Kuqikelelwa ukuba abantu baseMelika bane-Alzheimer's disease okanye olunye uhlobo lwesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo. Phantse iipesenti ezingama-96 zaba bantu baneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu.

Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufunde ukuba ngawaphi amalungu okhathalelo lwesifo sengqondo esiwagubungelayo nangaphezulu.

Ngaba i-Medicare igubungela ukhathalelo lwe-dementia?

I-Medicare igubungela ezinye, kodwa ayizizo zonke, zeendleko ezinxulumene nokukhathalelwa kwengqondo. Oku kubandakanya:

• Ukuhlala ngaphakathi kwizibonelelo ezifana nezibhedlele kunye neendawo zononophelo ezinobuchule
• ukhathalelo lwempilo ekhaya
• Unonophelo lwehosisi
• uvavanyo lokuqonda
• iimvavanyo eziyimfuneko zokuchonga isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo
• amayeza amiselweyo (Icandelo D)

Abantu abaninzi abanesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo baya kufuna uhlobo oluthile lokhathalelo lwexesha elide olubandakanya ukhathalelo lokugcina. Ukugcinwa kukhathalelo kubandakanya uncedo kwimisebenzi yemihla ngemihla enjengokutya, ukunxiba kunye nokusebenzisa igumbi lokuhlambela.

I-Medicare ayihlali igubungela ukhathalelo lwexesha elide. Ikwagubungela ukhathalelo lokugcina.

Nangona kunjalo, zikhona ezinye izixhobo ezinokukunceda ukuba uhlawule ixesha elide kunye nolondolozo. Oku kubandakanya izinto ezinje ngeMedicaid, iiNkqubo zoNonophelo lwaBantu aBadala (PACE), kunye neenkqubo zeinshurensi yokhathalelo lwexesha elide.

Ngaba i-Medicare igubungela indawo okanye ukhathalelo lwezigulana zesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo?

Icandelo leMedicare A ligubungela ukuhlala kwabaguli kwindawo ezifana nezibhedlele kunye neendawo zononophelo ezinesakhono. Makhe sijonge kule nto ngokusondeleyo.

Izibhedlele

Icandelo leMedicare A ligubungela ukuhlala esibhedlele. Oku kunokubandakanya amaziko anjengezibhedlele zononophelo olukhulu, izibhedlele zokunyanga ngaphakathi, kunye nezibhedlele zononophelo lwexesha elide. Ezinye zeenkonzo ezigutyungelweyo zezi:

• igumbi semi-zabucala
• izidlo
• ukhathalelo ngokubanzi
• amayeza ayinxalenye yonyango lwakho
• iinkonzo ezongezelelweyo zesibhedlele okanye izinto

Ukuhlala esibhedlele esibhedlele, i-Medicare Part A iya kugubungela zonke iindleko kwiintsuku zokuqala ezingama-60. Kwiintsuku ezingama-61 ukuya kuma-90, uyakuhlawula imali-mali yesixa-mali se- $ 352 yemihla ngemihla. Emva kweentsuku ezingama-90 njengesigulana, uya kuba noxanduva lwazo zonke iindleko.

Ukuba ufumana iinkonzo zikagqirha esibhedlele, ziya kugutyungelwa yiCandelo leMedicare B.

Amaziko abongikazi abanezakhono (SNFs)

Icandelo leMedicare A likwagubungela ukuhlala kwizigulana kwi-SNF. Ezi zizibonelelo ezibonelela ngononophelo lwezakhono olunokubonelelwa kuphela ziingcali zononophelo lwempilo ezinje ngoogqirha, abongikazi ababhalisiweyo, kunye nonyango lomzimba.

Ukuba ugqirha wakho uthatha isigqibo sokuba ufuna ukhathalelo lwemihla ngemihla emva kokulaliswa esibhedlele, banokucebisa ngokuhlala kwi-SNF. Ukuhlala kwakho kunokubandakanya izinto ezinje ngegumbi labucala, ukutya, kunye nezinto zonyango ezisetyenzisiweyo.

Kwiintsuku ezingama-20 zokuqala kwi-SNF, iCandelo leMedicare A liya kugubungela zonke iindleko. Emva kweentsuku ezingama-20, kuyakufuneka uhlawule isiqinisekiso semali yonke imihla esiyi- $ 176. Ukuba ukwi-SNF ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezili-100, uhlawula zonke iindleko.

Ngaba i-Medicare igubungela ukhathalelo lwasekhaya lwesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo?

Ukhathalelo lwempilo yasekhaya kuxa iinkonzo zezempilo okanye ezobuhlengikazi zibonelelwa ekhaya. Igqunywe ngamacandelo amabini ee-Medicare A no-B. Ezi nkonzo zihlala zilungelelaniswa yiarhente yempilo yasekhaya kwaye zinokubandakanya:

• Unonophelo lwezakhono zokonga
• okwexeshana ukukhathalelwa
• ulungiso lwenyama
• unyango lomsebenzi
• Unyango lolwimi lokuthetha
• iinkonzo zentlalo zonyango

Ukuze ufaneleke kukhathalelo lwempilo ekhaya, oku kulandelayo kufuneka kube yinyani:

• Kuya kufuneka uhlelwe njengophuma ekhaya, oko kuthetha ukuba unengxaki yokushiya ikhaya lakho ngaphandle koncedo lomnye umntu okanye isixhobo esincedisayo esifana nesitulo esinamavili okanye isihambahamba.
• Kuya kufuneka ukuba ufumane unakekelo lwasekhaya phantsi kwesicwangciso esihlaziywa rhoqo kwaye sihlaziywa ngugqirha wakho.
• Ugqirha wakho kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba ufuna ukhathalelo lwezakhono olunokubonelelwa ekhaya.

I-Medicare igubungela zonke iinkonzo zempilo yasekhaya. Ukuba ufuna izixhobo zonyango ezinje ngesitulo esinamavili okanye isibhedlele esibhedlele, uya kuba noxanduva lweepesenti ezingama-20 zeendleko.

Ngaba amayeza ayakugubungela ukuvavanyelwa isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo?

Icandelo leMedicare B ligubungela iintlobo ezimbini zokutyelelwa kwezempilo:

• Ukutyelelwa "Wamkelekile kwi-Medicare", kugqitywe kwiinyanga ezili-12 zokuqala emva kokubhaliswa kwe-Medicare.
• Utyelelo lonyaka lweMpilo-ntle kube kanye kwiinyanga ezili-12 kuyo yonke iminyaka elandelayo.

Olu tyelelo lubandakanya uvavanyo lokuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Oku kunceda ugqirha wakho ajonge iimpawu ezinokubangela isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo. Ukwenza oku, ugqirha wakho unokusebenzisa enye okanye indibaniselwano yoku kulandelayo:

• Ukujonga ngokuthe ngqo ukubonakala kwakho, indlela oziphatha ngayo kunye neempendulo zakho
• iinkxalabo okanye iingxelo ezivela kuwe okanye kumalungu osapho
• isixhobo sokuhlola esisebenzayo

Ukongeza, i-Medicare Icandelo B inokugubungela iimvavanyo ezithathwa njengeziyimfuneko ukunceda ukufumanisa isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo. Eminye imizekelo ibandakanya izinto ezinje ngeemvavanyo zegazi kunye nokucinga ngengqondo nge-CT scan okanye nge-MRI scan.

Ngaba i-Medicare igubungela i-hospice yabantu abanesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo?

I-Hospice luhlobo lokhathalelo olunikwa abantu abagulela ukufa. Ukhathalelo lwe-Hospice lulawulwa liqela labanyamekela abaguli kwaye linokubandakanya ezi nkonzo zilandelayo:

• iinkonzo zonyango kunye noononophelo
• amayeza okunceda ukunciphisa iimpawu
• ukhathalelo lwexesha elifutshane lokunceda ekulawuleni iimpawu
• izixhobo zonyango ezinjengezihambahamba kunye nezitulo ezinamavili
• izinto ezinjengeebhandeji okanye iikati
• Ingcebiso malunga nosizi kuwe okanye kusapho lwakho
• ukhathalelo lwexeshana elifutshane, okuhlala kufutshane kwizigulana ukuze kuvumeleke umnonopheli wakho ophambili ukuba aphumle

Icandelo le-Medicare Icandelo A liya kugubungela ukhathalelo lwe-hospice kumntu onesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo ukuba konke oku kuyinyani:

• Ugqirha wakho uzimisele ukuba ulindele ubomi kwiinyanga ezintandathu okanye ngaphantsi (nangona banokuhlengahlengisa oku ukuba kukho imfuneko).
• Uyavuma ukwamkela ukhathalelo olujolise kwintuthuzelo kunye nokukhululeka kwempawu endaweni yokhathalelo lokunyanga imeko yakho.
• Utyikitya isitetimenti esibonisa ukuba ukhetha ukhathalelo lwe-hospice ngokuchasene nolunye ungenelelo olugutyungelwe nguMedare.

I-Medicare iya kuhlawula zonke iindleko zokhathalelo lwe-hospice, ngaphandle kwegumbi kunye nebhodi. Kananjalo ngamanye amaxesha unoxanduva lokuhlawula kancinci kuwo nawaphi na amayeza amiselweyo ukunceda ukukhulula iimpawu.

Ngawaphi amalungu oNyango lweMedicare agubungela ukhathalelo lwengqondo?

Masenze uphononongo olukhawulezileyo lwamalungu e-Medicare agubungela ukhathalelo lwe-dementia:

Ukugubungela amayeza ngenxalenye

Ngubani olungeleyo kwi-Medicare yokufumana ukhathalelo lwe-dementia?

Ukuze ufaneleke kwi-Medicare yokufumana isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo, kuya kufuneka uhlangabeze enye yeendlela zokufumana ukufaneleka kweMedicare. Ezi zezi:

• ndineminyaka engama-65 okanye ngaphezulu
• nawuphi na ubudala kwaye unokukhubazeka
• nawuphi na ubudala kwaye unesifo sokugqibela sesifo (ESRD)

Nangona kunjalo, kukwakho nezicwangciso ezithile zeMedicare ezinokuthi zifaneleke kubantu abanesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo. Kule meko, ukufumanisa isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo kunokufuneka:

• Izicwangciso zeemfuno ezizodwa (SNPs): I-SNPs liqela elikhethekileyo lezicwangciso ze-Advantage ezijongana ngqo neemfuno zabantu abaneemeko ezithile zempilo, kubandakanya isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo. Ukulungelelaniswa kokhathalelo kuhlala kufakiwe.
• Iinkonzo zolawulo lwempilo engapheliyo (CCMR): Ukuba unesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo kwaye ubuncinci imeko engapheliyo, unokulungela i-CCMR. I-CCMR ibandakanya ukuphuhliswa kwesicwangciso sokhathalelo, uququzelelo lokhathalelo kunye namayeza, kunye nokufikelela ku-24/7 koqeqesho lwezonyango olufanelekileyo kwiimfuno zempilo.

Yintoni isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo?

Isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo senzeka xa uphulukana nobuchule bokuqonda obunje ngememori, ukucinga, kunye nokwenza izigqibo. Oku kunokuba nefuthe elibonakalayo ekusebenzeni koluntu nakwimisebenzi yobomi bemihla ngemihla. Umzekelo, umntu onesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo unokuba nobunzima:

• ukukhumbula abantu, iinkumbulo ezindala, okanye izikhokelo
• ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla ngokuzimeleyo
• ukunxibelelana okanye ukufumana amagama afanelekileyo
• ukusombulula iingxaki
• ukuhlala ulungelelene
• ukunikela ingqalelo
• ukulawula iimvakalelo zabo

Akukho luhlobo lunye lwesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo. Kukho ngokwenene iintlobo ezininzi, nganye ineempawu ezahlukeneyo. Ziquka:

• Isifo se-Alzheimer
• Isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo
• Isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo
• Isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo
• Isifo sengqondo esixubileyo esidibanisa iintlobo ezimbini okanye nangaphezulu zesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo

Umgca wezantsi

I-Medicare igubungela ezinye iinxalenye zokhathalelo lwe-dementia. Eminye yemizekelo ibandakanya ukuhlala kwizigulana kwindawo yezakhono, ukhathalelo lwempilo yasekhaya, kunye neemvavanyo zonyango ezifanelekileyo.

Ukongeza, abantu abanesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo banokulungela izicwangciso ezithile zeMedicare ezilungiselelwe iimfuno zabo ezithile. Oku kubandakanya izinto ezifana nezicwangciso zeemfuno ezizodwa kunye neenkonzo zolawulo lwempilo engapheliyo.

Ngelixa abantu abaninzi abanesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo bafuna uhlobo oluthile lokhathalelo lwexesha elide, i-Medicare ngokwesiqhelo ayikugubungeli oku. Ezinye iinkqubo, ezinje ngeMedicaid, zinokunceda ekuhlawuleni iindleko zokhathalelo lwexesha elide.