Isifo sika-Alzheimer sokuqala

Umxholo

• Oonobangela bokuqala kweAlzheimer's
• Imfuza yesigqibo
• Imfuza yomngcipheko
• Iimpawu zokuqala isifo sika-Alzheimer
• Loluphi uvavanyo oluza kwenziwa ngugqirha wakho ukufumanisa isifo i-Alzheimer's?
• Ukuqwalaselwa kovavanyo lwemfuzo
• Fumana unyango kwangoko
• Ukuhlala nokuqala kwesifo se-Alzheimer's
• Uncedo kwabo baqala isifo se-Alzheimer

Isifo esivela kwilifa sihlasela abancinci

Abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezi-5 eUnited States baphila nesifo i-Alzheimer's. Isifo se-Alzheimer sisifo sengqondo esichaphazela amandla akho okucinga nokukhumbula. Kuyaziwa njengokuqala kwe-Alzheimer's, okanye ukuqala kwe-Alzheimer's, xa kusenzeka emntwini ngaphambi kokuba bafike kwiminyaka engama-65.

Akunqabile ukuqala kwangoko kwe-Alzheimer ukuba ikhule kubantu abakwiminyaka engama-30 okanye engama-40. Ichaphazela ngakumbi abantu abakwi-50s yabo. Kuqikelelwa ukuba iipesenti ezi-5 zabantu abanesifo i-Alzheimer's ziya kuphuhlisa iimpawu zokuqala kwe-Alzheimer's. Funda ngakumbi malunga nemingcipheko kunye nophuhliso lwe-Alzheimer's's kwangoko kunye nendlela yokuphatha isifo.

Oonobangela bokuqala kweAlzheimer's

Uninzi lwabantu abancinci abafunyaniswa benesifo i-Alzheimer's kwangoko banemeko ngaphandle kwesizathu esaziwayo. Kodwa abanye abantu abanamava okuqala kwesifo se-Alzheimer banayo imeko ngenxa yoofuzo. Abaphandi baye bakwazi ukuchonga ii-genes ezimisela okanye zonyusa umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa i-Alzheimer's.

Imfuza yesigqibo

Omnye woonobangela bemfuza “yimfuza emiselweyo.” Ukuchongwa kwemfuza kuqinisekisa ukuba umntu uya kuphuhlisa esi sifo. Ezi geni zenza i-akhawunti engaphantsi kweepesenti ezi-5 zamatyala e-Alzheimer.

Zintathu izinto zemfuza ezinqabileyo ezibangela isifo se-Alzheimer kwangoko:

• Iprotein eyandulelayo ye-Amyloid (i-APP): Le proteni yafunyanwa ngo-1987 kwaye yafunyanwa kwisibini sama-21 chromosomes. Inika imiyalelo yokwenza iprotheni efumaneka kwingqondo, umnqonqo, kunye nezinye izicwili.
• I-Presenilin-1 (PS1): Oososayensi bachonga le geni ngo-1992. Itholakala kwi-14 ye-chromosome pair. Umahluko we PS1 zezona zizathu zixhaphakileyo ze-Alzheimer's.
• I-Presenilin-2 (PS2Olu lolwesithathu uguquko olufunyenwe lubangela i-Alzheimer's. Itholakala kwisibini sokuqala se-chromosome kwaye yachongwa ngo-1993.

Imfuza yomngcipheko

Iintlobo ezintathu zofuzo ezimiselweyo zahlukile kwiapolipoprotein E (APOE-e4). APOE-e4 ​​ngumfuziselo owaziwayo wokunyusa umngcipheko we-Alzheimer kwaye ubangele ukuba iimpawu zivele kwangoko. Kodwa akuqinisekisi ukuba umntu uza kuba nayo.

Unokufumana ikopi enye okanye ezimbini zeefayile ze- APOE-e4 ​​Uhlobo. Iikopi ezimbini zibonisa umngcipheko ophezulu kunenye. Kuqikelelwa ukuba APOE-e4 ​​imalunga nama-20 ukuya kuma-25 ekhulwini yamatyala e-Alzheimer.

Iimpawu zokuqala isifo sika-Alzheimer

Uninzi lwabantu luba namava okuphelelwa yimemori okomzuzwana. Ukubeka izitshixo endaweni engeyiyo, ukuvala igama lomntu, okanye ukulibala isizathu sokubhadula egumbini yimizekelo embalwa. Oku akubonakalisi ngokucacileyo ukuqala kwe-Alzheimer's, kodwa unokufuna ukujonga le miqondiso kunye neempawu ukuba unobungozi bezofuzo.

Iimpawu zokuqala i-Alzheimer's ziyafana nezinye iindlela ze-Alzheimer's. Iimpawu kunye neempawu ekufuneka uzilumkele zibandakanya:

• kunzima ukulandela iresiphi
• kunzima ukuthetha okanye ukuginya
• Ukubeka izinto endaweni engafanelekanga rhoqo ngaphandle kokukwazi ukuphinda ufumane amanyathelo okuzifumana
• ukungakwazi ukulinganisa iakhawunti yokutshekisha (ngaphaya kwempazamo yezibalo ezithile)
• ukulahleka endleleni eya kwindawo eqhelekileyo
• ukuphulukana nomkhondo womhla, umhla, ixesha, okanye unyaka
• imo kunye notshintsho kubuntu
• ingxaki ngokuqonda okunzulu okanye iingxaki zombono ngesiquphe
• Ukurhoxa emsebenzini nakwezinye iimeko zentlalo

Ukuba umncinci kunama-65 kwaye unamava ezi ntlobo zotshintsho, thetha nogqirha wakho.

Loluphi uvavanyo oluza kwenziwa ngugqirha wakho ukufumanisa isifo i-Alzheimer's?

Akukho vavanyo lunye olunokuqinisekisa ukuqala kwe-Alzheimer's. Qhagamshelana nogqirha onamava ukuba unembali yosapho yokuqala kwe-Alzheimer's.

Baza kuthatha imbali epheleleyo yonyango, benze uvavanyo olunenkcukacha ngonyango kunye nemithambo-luvo, baphonononge iimpawu zakho. Ezinye iimpawu zinokubonakala ngathi:

• ixhala
• ukudakumba
• ukusetyenziswa kotywala
• iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango

Inkqubo yokuqonda isifo inokubandakanya imaging yamagnetic resonance (MRI) okanye ikhompyuter ye-tomography (CT) yengqondo. Kukho novavanyo lwegazi ukukhupha ezinye iingxaki.

Ugqirha wakho uya kuba nakho ukufumanisa ukuba unayo i-Alzheimer's kwangoko emva kokuba begwebe ezinye iimeko.

Ukuqwalaselwa kovavanyo lwemfuzo

Unokufuna ukubonisana nomcebisi ngemfuzo ukuba unomntakwenu, umzali, okanye utatomkhulu ophuhlise i-Alzheimer ngaphambi kweminyaka yobudala engama-65.

Isigqibo solu vavanyo sisigqibo sobuqu. Abanye abantu bakhetha ukufunda ukuba banayo na imfuza yokulungiselela kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

Fumana unyango kwangoko

Sukulibazisa ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ukuba unokuqala kwe-Alzheimer's. Ngelixa kungekho nonyango lwesi sifo, ukufumanisa kwangoko kunokunceda kumayeza athile kunye nokulawula iimpawu. La mayeza aquka:

• yenziwepezil (Aricept)
• rivastigmine (Exelon)
• igalantamine (iRazadyne)
• imemine (Namenda)

Olunye unyango olunokunceda ukuqala kwangoko kwe-Alzheimer kubandakanya:

• ukuhlala usebenza
• uqeqesho lokuqonda
• imifuno kunye nezongezelelo
• ukunciphisa uxinzelelo

Ukugcina uqhagamshelene nabahlobo kunye nosapho ngenkxaso kubaluleke kakhulu.

Ukuhlala nokuqala kwesifo se-Alzheimer's

Xa abantu abancinci befikelela kwinqanaba elifuna ukhathalelo olongezelelekileyo, oku kunokudala umbono wokuba isifo sihambe ngokukhawuleza. Kodwa abantu abanesifo sokuqala i-Alzheimer abaqhubeki ngokukhawuleza kwizigaba. Iyaqhubeka kwisithuba seminyaka eliqela kubantu abancinci njengoko isenza kubantu abadala abangaphezulu kwe-65.

Kodwa kubalulekile ukucwangcisa kwangaphambili emva kokufumana isifo. Ukuqala kwangoko kwe-Alzheimer kunokuba nefuthe kwizicwangciso zakho zezemali nezomthetho.

Imizekelo yamanyathelo athile anokunceda ukubandakanya:

• efuna iqela lenkxaso kwabo bane-Alzheimer's
• uncike kubahlobo nakusapho xa efuna inkxaso
• ukuxoxa ngendima yakho, kunye ne-inshurensi yokukhubazeka, kunye nomqeshi wakho
• Ukuya kwi-inshurensi yezempilo ukuqinisekisa ukuba amayeza athile kunye nonyango ziyagutyungelwa
• ukuba namaphepha e-inshurensi yokukhubazeka ngokulandelelana ngaphambi kokuba kuvele iimpawu
• ukubandakanyeka ekucwangcisweni kwemali ngekamva ukuba impilo yomntu itshintsha ngesiquphe

Musa ukoyika ukufuna uncedo kwabanye ngexesha lala manyathelo. Ukufumana imicimbi yobuqu ngolungelelwano kunokubonelela ngoxolo lwengqondo njengoko ujonga amanyathelo akho alandelayo.

Uncedo kwabo baqala isifo se-Alzheimer

Okwangoku alukho unyango lwesifo sika-Alzheimer. Kodwa kukho iindlela zokulawula imeko kwaye uphile ubomi obunempilo kangangoko. Imizekelo yeendlela onokuhlala kakuhle ngazo xa uqala isifo se-Alzheimer zibandakanya:

• ukutya ukutya okusempilweni
• ukunciphisa ukusela utywala okanye ukuphelisa utywala ngokupheleleyo
• ukuzibandakanya kwiindlela zokuphumla zokunciphisa uxinzelelo
• ukufikelela kwimibutho efana neAlzheimer's Association ngolwazi malunga namaqela enkxaso kunye nezifundo ezinokubakho zophando

Abaphandi bafunda ngakumbi ngesi sifo yonke imihla.