Yintoni i-bacterial endocarditis kwaye ziziphi iimpawu

Umxholo

• Iimpawu ze-bacterial endocarditis
• Kutheni iingxaki zamazinyo kunokubangela i-endocarditis
• Unjani unyango lwe-endocarditis

I-bacterial endocarditis lusulelo oluchaphazela ulwakhiwo lwangaphakathi lwentliziyo, olubizwa ngokuba ngumhlaba ongapheliyo, ubukhulu becala zii-valves zentliziyo, ngenxa yobukho bebacteria efikelela egazini. Sisifo esibi, sinethuba eliphezulu lokufa kwaye sinokudityaniswa neengxaki ezininzi, ezinje ngokubetha, umzekelo.

Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ezitofwayo, ukugqobhozaUnyango lwamazinyo ngaphandle kwonyango lwangaphambili lwe-antibiotic, izixhobo ze-intracardiac, ezinje nge-pacemaker okanye i-valve prostheses, kunye ne-hemodialysis, zinokunyusa amathuba e-bacterial endocarditis. Nangona kunjalo, esona sizathu siqhelekileyo kumazwe afana neBrazil, sihlala sisi sifo se-rheumatic valve.

Zimbini iintlobo ze-bacterial endocarditis:

1. I-bacterial endocarditis: sisifo esiqhubela phambili ngokukhawuleza, apho umkhuhlane omkhulu, ukuqaqanjelwa sisifo, ukuwa imeko ngokubanzi kunye neempawu zokungaphumeleli kwentliziyo kuvela, njengokudinwa kakhulu, ukudumba kweenyawo kunye nemilenze, kunye nokuphefumla okufutshane;
2. Subacute ibacteria endocarditis: kolu hlobo umntu unokuthatha iiveki okanye iinyanga ezimbalwa ukuchonga i-endocarditis, ebonisa iimpawu ezithile, ezinje ngomkhuhlane ophantsi, ukudinwa kunye nokuhla komzimba ngokuthe ngcembe.

Ukuchongwa kwe-bacterial endocarditis kungenziwa ngeemviwo ezinjenge-echocardiography, eluhlobo lwe-ultrasound entliziyweni, kunye novavanyo lwegazi ukuze kuchongwe ubukho bentsholongwane egazini, ibonakaliswe njenge-bacteremia. Funda ngakumbi malunga nebacteremia.

Iimpawu ze-bacterial endocarditis

Iimpawu ze-bacterial endocarditis ebukhali inokuba:

• Umkhuhlane ophezulu;
• Ukugodola;
• Ukuphefumla okufutshane;
• Amanqaku amancinci okopha ezintendeni nasezinyaweni.

Kwi-subacute endocarditis, iimpawu zihlala:

• Umkhuhlane ophantsi;
• Ukubila ebusuku;
• Ukudinwa okulula;
• Ukungabikho komdla;
• Ukurhwebesha;
• Amaqhuma amancinci abuhlungu kwiminwe okanye kwiinzwane;
• Ukuqhawuka kwemithambo yegazi encinci kwinxalenye emhlophe yamehlo, eluphahleni lomlomo, ngaphakathi kwezidlele, esifubeni okanye eminweni okanye kwiinzwane.

Ukuba ezi mpawu zikhona, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uye kwigumbi likaxakeka ngokukhawuleza kuba i-endocarditis sisifo esibi nesinokubangela ukufa ngokukhawuleza.

Kutheni iingxaki zamazinyo kunokubangela i-endocarditis

Esinye sezizathu eziphambili ze-endocarditis kukusebenza kweenkqubo zamazinyo njengokukhupha izinyo okanye unyango lwee-caries. Kwezi meko, ii-caries bacteria kunye nezo zendalo emlonyeni zinokuhanjiswa ngegazi de ziqokelele entliziyweni, apho zibangela usulelo lwethishu.

Ngesi sizathu, abantu abasemngciphekweni omkhulu we-endocarditis, njengezigulana ezineevalve zokufakelwa okanye ii-pacemaker, kufuneka basebenzise i-antibiotics iyure enye ngaphambi kweenkqubo ezithile zamazinyo, ukuthintela i-bacterial endocarditis.

Unjani unyango lwe-endocarditis

Unyango lwe-endocarditis lwenziwa ngokusetyenziswa kwee-antibiotics, ezinokuthi zibe ngumlomo okanye zisetyenziswe ngqo emthanjeni, ngokwe-microorganism echongiweyo egazini. Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, apho kungekho siphumo silungileyo ngokusetyenziswa kwee-antibiotics kwaye kuxhomekeke kubungakanani bentsholongwane kunye nendawo ekuyo, utyando lubonakalisiwe ukuze kuthabathe indawo yezivalo zentliziyo ngamalungu afakelwayo.

I-Prophylaxis ye-endocarditis yenziwa ngakumbi kubantu abasemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuphuhlisa i-endocarditis, enje:

• Abantu abanezivalo ezingezizo;
• Izigulana esele zine-endocarditis;
• Abantu abanesifo sevalve kwaye esele benentliziyo yokufakelwa;
• Izigulana ezinesifo sentliziyo.

Phambi kwalo naluphi na unyango lwamazinyo, ugqirha wamazinyo kufuneka acebise isigulana ukuba sithathe i-2 g ye-amoxicillin okanye i-500 mg ye-Azithromycin okungenani iyure e-1 ngaphambi konyango. Ngamanye amaxesha ugqirha wamazinyo kuya kufuneka acebise ukusetyenziswa kwee-antibiotics kwiintsuku ezili-10 ngaphambi kokuqala konyango lwamazinyo. Funda ngakumbi malunga nonyango lwe-bacterial endocarditis.