Indlela yokuchonga i-mitral stenosis kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu ze-mitral stenosis
• Izizathu eziphambili
• Uxilongo lwenziwa njani
• Unyango njani
• Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka

I-Mitral stenosis ihambelana nokuqina kunye nokubalwa kwe-mitral valve, ekhokelela ekunciphiseni kokuvula okuvumela igazi ukuba lidlule ukusuka kwi-atrium ukuya kwi-ventricle. Ivalve ye-mitral, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-bicuspid valve, sisakhiwo sentliziyo esahlula i-atrium yasekhohlo kwi-ventricle yasekhohlo.

Ngokwenqanaba lokuqina kwaye, ngenxa yoko, ubukhulu be-orifice yokuhamba kwegazi, i-mitral stenosis inokuhlelwa ibe:

• Ubumnene be-mitral stenosis, Elokuvula kwegazi elivela kwi-atrium ukuya kwi-ventricle liphakathi kwe-1.5 no-4 cm;
• I-mitral stenosis ephakathi, ekuvulwa kwayo kuphakathi kwe-1 kunye ne-1.5 cm;
• I-mitral stenosis enamandla, Ukuvula kwayo kungaphantsi kwe-1 cm.

Iimpawu zihlala ziqala ukubonakala xa i-stenosis imodareyitha okanye inzima, njengoko ukuhamba kwegazi kuqala ukuba nzima, kukhokelela ekuphefumlweni umoya, ukudinwa okulula kunye nentlungu esifubeni, umzekelo, kufuna utyelelo kugqirha wentliziyo ukuze aqinisekise. iqalile.

Iimpawu ze-mitral stenosis

I-Mitral stenosis ayihlali ibonisa iimpawu, nangona kunjalo ezinye zinokuphuhla emva kokusebenza komzimba, njenge:

• Ukudinwa okulula;
• Ukuziva uphefumla kancinci, ngakumbi ebusuku, kufuneka ulale uhleli okanye ulele ngasemva;
• Ukuba nesiyezi xa uvuka;
• Iintlungu zesifuba;
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi lunokuba yinto eqhelekileyo okanye yehle;
• Ubuso obupinki.

Ukongeza, umntu unokuziva ebetha kwaye ekhohlela igazi ukuba kukho ukugqabhuka kwemithambo okanye ii-capillaries zemiphunga. Yazi oyena nobangela wokukhohlela igazi.

Izizathu eziphambili

Oyena nobangela we-mitral stenosis yi-rheumatic fever, esisifo esibangelwa ikakhulu yintsholongwane iStreptococcus pneumoniae, ethi ke ibangele ukudumba emqaleni, ibangele amajoni omzimba avelise ii-autoantibodies, ezikhokelela kukudumba kwamalungu kwaye, mhlawumbi utshintsho kubume bentliziyo. Jonga indlela yokuchonga nokunyanga i-rheumatic fever.

Ngaphantsi kakhulu, i-mitral stenosis yinto yokuzalwa, oko kukuthi, izalwa kunye nosana, kwaye inokuchongwa kuvavanyo olwenziwe kwakamsinya emva kokuzalwa. Ezinye izizathu ze-mitral stenosis ezinqabileyo kune-stenosis yokuzalwa yile: systemic lupus erythematosus, isifo samathambo, isifo seFabry, isifo sikaWhipple, isifo se-amyloidosis kunye nesifo sentliziyo.

Uxilongo lwenziwa njani

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ngugqirha wezifo zentliziyo ngohlalutyo lweempawu ezichazwe sisigulana, ukongeza kwintsebenzo yeemvavanyo ezithile, ezinje ngesifuba sobushushu, i-electrocardiogram kunye ne-echocardiogram. Jonga ukuba yenzelwe ntoni kwaye yenziwa njani i-echocardiogram.

Ukongeza, kwimeko yokuzalwa kwe-mitral stenosis, ugqirha unokukwenza ukuxilongwa kwintliziyo, apho intliziyo inokumbombozela khona kwesi sifo. Jonga indlela onokuchonga ngayo ukumbombozela kwentliziyo.

Unyango njani

Unyango lwe-mitral stenosis lwenziwa ngokwesindululo se-cardiologist, ngamayeza awodwa abonakalisiweyo ngokweemfuno zesigulana. Unyango luhlala lusenziwa kusetyenziswa ii-beta blocker, ii-calcium antagonists, i-diuretics kunye ne-anticoagulants, ezivumela intliziyo ukuba isebenze ngokufanelekileyo, ikhuphe iimpawu kunye nokuthintela iingxaki.

Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu ze-mitral stenosis, i-cardiologists inokuncoma ukuhlinzwa ukulungisa okanye ukutshintsha i-mitral valve. Fumanisa ukuba injani i-post-operative kunye nokubuyiselwa kuqhaqho lwentliziyo.

Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka

Njengakwimitral stenosis kukho ubunzima ekuhambeni kwegazi ukusuka kwi-atrium ukuya kwi-ventricle, i-ventricle yasekhohlo iyasinda kwaye ihlala kubukhulu bayo obuqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko kukho ingqokelela enkulu yegazi kwi-atrium yasekhohlo, eli candelo lithanda ukwanda ngobukhulu, elinokuthi libonakalise ukubonakala kwe-arrhythmias yentliziyo efana ne-atrial fibrillation, umzekelo. Kule meko, isigulana sinokufuna ukusebenzisa ii-anticoagulants zomlomo ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokubetha.

Ukongeza, njengoko i-atrium yasekhohlo ifumana igazi kwimiphunga, ukuba kukho ingqokelela yegazi kwi-atrium yasekhohlo, umphunga uya kufumana ubunzima ukuthumela igazi elifikelela entliziyweni. Ke, umphunga uphela uqokelela igazi elininzi kwaye, ngenxa yoko, unokuntywila, okukhokelela kwi-edema ye-pulmonary acute. Funda ngakumbi malunga ne-edema ye-pulmonary edema.