Uvavanyo lwe-DNA: yeyantoni kwaye yenziwa njani

Umxholo

• Yenzelwe ntoni
• Uvavanyo lwe-DNA lovavanyo lobuzali
• Kwenziwa njani

Uvavanyo lwe-DNA lwenziwa ngenjongo yokuhlalutya izinto zemvelo zomntu, kuchongwe utshintsho olunokwenzeka kwi-DNA kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba kungenzeka ukukhula kwezifo ezithile. Ukongeza, uvavanyo lwe-DNA olusetyenziswa kuvavanyo lobuzali, olunokwenziwa ngayo nayiphi na into yendalo, enjengamathe, iinwele okanye amathe.

Ixabiso lovavanyo liyahluka ngokwelabhoratri ekwenziwa kuyo, kuvavanywa iinjongo kunye nezofuzo kwaye iziphumo zinokukhutshwa kwiiyure ezingama-24, xa injongo ikukuvavanya i-genome yomntu iyonke, okanye iiveki ezimbalwa xa kuvavanyo kwenziwa ukujonga inqanaba lobudlelwane.

Yenzelwe ntoni

Ukuvavanywa kwe-DNA kunokuchonga utshintsho olunokwenzeka kwi-DNA yomntu, enokubonisa ukubakho kophuhliso lwezifo kunye nethuba lokudluliselwa kwizizukulwana ezizayo, kunye nokuba luncedo ekwazini imvelaphi kunye nookhokho babo. Ke, ezinye izifo ezinokuthi zichongwe kuvavanyo lwe-DNA zezi:

• Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza;
• Izifo zentliziyo;
• Alzheimer;
• Uhlobo lwe-1 kunye nohlobo lwe-2 lweswekile;
• Isifo semilenze esingazinzanga;
• Ukunganyamezelani kweLactose;
• Isifo sikaParkinson;
• ILupus.

Ukongeza ekusetyenzisweni kuphando lwezifo, ukuvavanywa kwe-DNA kunokusetyenziswa ekucebiseni ngemfuzo, eyinkqubo yabo banenjongo yokuchonga utshintsho kwi-DNA olunokudluliselwa kwisizukulwana esizayo kunye nokwenzeka kolu tshintsho olukhokelela isifo. Qonda ukuba yintoni na ingcebiso ngemfuzo kwaye yenziwa njani.

Uvavanyo lwe-DNA lovavanyo lobuzali

Ukuvavanywa kwe-DNA kunokwenziwa kwakhona ukujonga inqanaba lobudlelwane phakathi kukabawo nonyana. Ukwenza olu vavanyo, kuyafuneka ukuba uqokelele isampulu yebhayoloji kumama, kunyana nakutata otyholwayo, othunyelwa elebhu ukuba ivavanywe.

Nangona uvavanyo luhlala lwenziwa emva kokuzalwa, lunokwenziwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Jonga ukuba lwenziwa njani uvavanyo lobuzali.

Kwenziwa njani

Uvavanyo lwe-DNA lunokwenziwa nakweyiphi na isampulu yebhayiloji, enjengegazi, iinwele, isidoda okanye amathe, umzekelo. Kwimeko yokuvavanywa kwe-DNA kwenziwa ngegazi, kubalulekile ukuba ukuqokelelwa kwenziwe kwilabhoratri ethembekileyo kwaye isampulu ithunyelwe kuhlalutyo.

Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye iikiti zokuqokelela ekhaya ezinokuthengwa kwi-intanethi okanye kwezinye iilebhu. Kule meko, umntu kufuneka athabathe isiraphu yomqhaphu equlethwe ngaphakathi kwezidlele okanye atshicele kwisitya esifanelekileyo kwaye athumele okanye athathe isampulu elabhoratri.

Kwilabhoratri, uhlalutyo lweemolekyuli lwenziwa ukwenzela ukuba lonke ulwakhiwo lwe-DNA yomntu luhlalutywe, ke, kujongwe utshintsho olunokwenzeka okanye ukuhambelana phakathi kweesampulu, kwimeko katata, umzekelo.