Yintoni irhashalala (irhashalala), izizathu eziphambili kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Zithini iindidi
• Izizathu eziphambili
• 1. Ukaliwa komzimba
• 2. Ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza
• 3. Usulelo lwentsholongwane
• 4. Usulelo lwebhakteria
• 5. Usulelo lomngundo
• 6. I-Lupus erythematosus
• 7. Uxinzelelo
• 8. Ukulunywa zizinambuzane

Irhashalala, ekwabizwa ngokuba kukusikwa, ibonakaliswa bubukho bamabala abomvu eluswini anokuba ziindidi ezahlukeneyo, kuxhomekeke kubukhulu kunye nokumila kwezilonda. Rhoqo, ukongeza kutshintsho kumbala wolusu, iimpawu ezinje ngokurhawuzelela, ukudumba kolusu, iintlungu kwindawo ezinamabala kunye nomkhuhlane nazo zinokubonakala.

Irhashalala lidla ngokuvela ngenxa yokungezwani komzimba, ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza, intsholongwane, ukusuleleka ziintsholongwane okanye ukungunda, izifo ezenzekelayo, uxinzelelo okanye ukulunywa zizinambuzane.

Unyango lokuphelisa irhashalala luxhomekeke kwizizathu zokubonakala kwamabala abomvu, kodwa kwiimeko ezininzi, kuya kufuneka ufune ugqirha jikelele okanye ugqirha wesikhumba onokucebisa amayeza okanye ioyile yokunciphisa ukurhawuzelela nokudumba kolusu.

Zithini iindidi

Irhashalala inokuba ziindidi ezahlukeneyo kwaye yahlulwe ngokobungakanani nendawo okuyo emzimbeni, njenge:

• Ngequbuliso: ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-roseola, ixhaphake kakhulu kwiintsana, kwaye iyazibonakalisa njengamabala amancinci abomvu asasazeke emzimbeni wonke, sisifo esibangelwa yintsholongwane yeherpes yomntu 6 (HHV-6);
• Maculopapular: ibonakala njengamabala amnyama apinki aphuma eluswini, ihlala ibonakala esifubeni nasesiswini kwaye ivela kwizifo ezahlukeneyo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane ezinjengemasisi, irubella nedengue;
• Morbiliform: ibonakaliswa ngee-papules ezibomvu kulusu oluqala ngobukhulu ukusuka kwi-3 ukuya kwi-10 mm, eqala ezingalweni nasemilenzeni, ifikelela kuwo wonke umzimba kwaye ziqhelekile kwizifo ezinje nge-mononucleosis, idengue kunye nehepatitis;
• Urticariform: ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-urticaria, ibonakala njengamabala abomvu ahlukeneyo, anobukhulu obahlukeneyo, obangela ukurhawuzelela okuqatha kwaye kuxhaphake kakhulu kukungalungelani nokutya okanye amayeza;
• Papulovesicular: ivelisa njengeepapuli ezinomxholo wolwelo, obizwa ngokuba zii-vesicles, ezibangela ukurhawuzelela, zinokubonakala nakweliphi na ilungu lomzimba kwaye zixhaphakile kwizifo ezinjengeherpes okanye irhashalala, eyaziwa ngokuba yirhashalala;
• Ubume: ibonakala njengamabala amancinci abomvu esikhumbeni, esihlala siqala kwindawo yesifuba, asibangeli kurhawuzelelwa kwaye zibangelwa yingxaki yokujiya okanye iiplatelets ezisezantsi.

Ukuba kuvela ulusu olunamabala olusu, kubalulekile ukuba ubonane nogqirha okanye ugqirha wesikhumba, oya kuvavanya ezinye iimpawu. Ukongeza, unokucela uvavanyo lwegazi ukucebisa olona nyango lufanelekileyo.

Izizathu eziphambili

Irhashalala luphawu oluqhelekileyo kwezinye iimeko zempilo kunye nezifo, kwaye zinokuhamba nezinye iimpawu. Phakathi kwezona zizathu zixhaphakileyo zokubonakala kwamabala abomvu eluswini zezi:

1. Ukaliwa komzimba

Ukwehla komzimba kukwenza iiseli zokhuselo lomzimba, ezenzeka xa umntu edibana nento ethile ecaphukisayo kwaye enye yeentlobo eziqhelekileyo kukunxibelelana nedermatitis.

Ukuqhagamshelana nedermatitis kunokubangelwa kukudibana nolusu kunye neemveliso zobuhle, iikhemikhali ezinje ngesepha, irabha kunye nelatex okanye iintlobo ezithile zezityalo, ezinokukhokelela kwinkangeleko irhashalala ulusu, ukutshisa, ukurhawuzelela kwaye, kwezinye iimeko, ukuthimla kunye nokuphefumla nzima. Yazi ezinye iimpawu zoqhakamshelwano lwesikhumba.

Unyango njani: kubalulekile ukuhlamba ulusu ngamanzi kunye nesepha ethambileyo, njengesiqhelo amabala abomvu abangelwa kukunxibelelana nedermatitis ayanyamalala xa umntu engasabonakali kwimveliso ebangele ukungabikho komzimba. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba amabala abomvu ayanda eluswini kwaye ukuba kukho ukuphefumla okufutshane, kuya kufuneka ukhawuleze ufune unyango kwigumbi likaxakeka.

2. Ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza

Ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza nako kunokubangela i-aleji, kuba kwezinye iimeko, iiseli zokhuselo lomzimba ziyawaqonda amayeza njengemveliso eyingozi. Olona phawu luxhaphakileyo lokungalwamkeli amayeza kukuchaphazeleka kohlobo lwe-urticaria, olunokuthi lubonakale esifubeni kwimizuzu embalwa emva kokuthatha iyeza okanye ukuya kuthi ga kwiintsuku ezili-15 emva kokuqala unyango.

Ukongeza kwi-urticaria, ukunganyangeki kumayeza kunokubangela ezinye iimpawu ezinjengolusu olurhawuzayo, ukudumba kwamehlo, ukuvutha kunye nokuphefumla kancinci, okunokubangelwa ngamayeza anje nge-aspirin, isodium dipyrone kunye nezinye izinto ezichasayo, ii-antibiotics kunye ne-anticonvulsants.

Unyango njani: ugqirha kufuneka afunwe ngokukhawuleza, njengoko kwiimeko ezininzi kufanelekile ukuba unqumamisa iyeza elibangele ukwaliwa, kwaye ufumane unyango olunokubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kweyeza lokuthintela ukungasebenzi komzimba kunye / okanye necorticosteroid.

3. Usulelo lwentsholongwane

Irhashalala lihlala linxulunyaniswa nokubonakala kwezinye iimpawu ezinje ngomkhuhlane, intloko ebuhlungu, iintlungu emzimbeni nokudumba entanyeni, kwaye kwezi meko inokuba luphawu lwesifo esithile esibangelwa yintsholongwane. Izifo ezosulelayo ezibangela irhashalala zixhaphake kakhulu ebuntwaneni, kodwa zinokuchaphazela abantu bayo nayiphi na iminyaka.

Izifo eziphambili zentsholongwane yimasisi, irubella, mononucleosis, irhashalala kwaye zidluliselwa ngamathontsi amathe, ukuthimla okanye ukudibana ngqo nezilonda kulusu. Izifo ezinjenge-dengue kunye ne-zika nazo zibangela amabala kulusu kwaye zibangelwa ziintsholongwane, kodwa zidluliselwa kukulunywa yingcongconi I-Aedes aegypti. Bona ezinye zeendlela zendalo zokukhusela iingcongconi I-Aedes aegypti.

Unyango njani: Ukuchongwa kwezi zifo kungenziwa ngugqirha oqhelekileyo okanye ugqirha wabantwana, ke xa ezi mpawu zivela, kufuneka ujonge indawo yezempilo okanye isibhedlele. Ngaphambi kokwenza uvavanyo lwegazi ukuqinisekisa isifo, ugqirha uya kuvavanya iimpawu ze irhashalala ulusu, luvele ixesha elingakanani, ubukhulu bamabala abomvu kunye nokuba ugonyiwe na umntu.

Njengokuba kungekho machiza anyangayo ukunyanga ezi zifo, ixesha elininzi, unyango lusekwe ekusetyenzisweni kwamachiza ukuthomalalisa umkhuhlane, ukunciphisa iintlungu, ukuphumla kunye nokutya okungamanzi. Indlela efanelekileyo yokuthintela ukuqala kwezinye zezifo zentsholongwane kukugonya, okuhlala kufumaneka kwi-SUS.

4. Usulelo lwebhakteria

Ezinye izifo ezibangelwa yiibhaktheriya nazo zibangela ukubonakala kwe-rash, umzekelo, i-cellulitis echaphazelayo. Isifo se-cellulitis esosulelayo sihlala sichaphazela ummandla womlenze kwaye iimpawu eziphambili bubomvu, ukudumba, iintlungu, ubuntununtunu bokubamba kunye nomkhuhlane, onokuthi usasazeke kwamanye amalungu omzimba. Iscarlet fever kunye nesifo seLyme nazo zibangelwa ziintsholongwane ezivela kumaqela IStreptococcus kwaye I-Staphylococcus kunye kubangela iimpawu ezifana nerhashalala kunye nomkhuhlane.

Xa kubonakala ububomvu kunye nefiva, kubalulekile ukuba ufune uncedo kugqirha oqhelekileyo, ugqirha wabantwana okanye ugqirha wesikhumba ukuqala unyango ngokukhawuleza. Jonga olunye usulelo lwebacteria kunye nendlela yokubachonga.

Unyango njani: Unyango lwezifo ezininzi zintsholongwane lubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwee-antibiotics zomlomo phakathi kweentsuku ezisi-7 ukuya kwezili-15, nokuba iimpawu ziyaphucuka kwiintsuku ezi-3 zokuqala, kubalulekile ukuba uthathe ii-antibiotics ngalo lonke ixesha eliboniswe ngugqirha . Ukongeza, ugqirha unokuyalela amanye amayeza ukuthomalalisa iintlungu kunye nokunciphisa umkhuhlane, njengokuthomalalisa iintlungu kunye nokuthintela ukudumba.

5. Usulelo lomngundo

Usulelo olubangelwa ngumngundo luqhelekile kwaye ikakhulu luchaphazela abantu abanomkhuhlane omncinci. Ulusu yenye yeengingqi zomzimba ezichaphazeleka kakhulu zizifo zolu hlobo, kunye neendawo ezifumileyo nezishushu, ezinje ngommandla ophakathi kweenzwane neekona zezikhonkwane, ezichaphazeleka kakhulu. Iimpawu ezixhaphakileyo zosulelo lomngundo ziindawo ezibomvu emzimbeni, ukurhawuzelela, ukubhabha kunye nokuqhekeka kolusu, kunye nezinye iimpawu, ezinje ngokukhohlela, umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, njenge-mycoplasmosis, umzekelo.

Unyango njani: Kuyacetyiswa ukuba ubone ugqirha jikelele ukubonisa olona nyango lufanelekileyo ngokommandla kunye nobukhali bezilonda zolusu. Ngokubanzi, unyango lusekwe ekusebenziseni iikhrimu kunye neepilisi zokuphelisa ukungunda. Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukuthatha amanyathelo okuthintela usulelo olutsha lokungunda, njengokugcina ukutya okunezondlo, ukugcina ucoceko lomzimba olufanelekileyo nokunxiba iimpahla ezicocekileyo.

6. I-Lupus erythematosus

I-Lupus erythematosus luhlobo lwesifo sokuzimela komzimba esenzeka xa amajoni omzimba eqala ukuhlasela umzimba womntu, echaphazela amalungu athile, afana nolusu. Olunye lweempawu eziphambili zelupus kukubonakala kokuqubha okubonakalayo ngamachaphaza abomvu ebusweni esimilo sebhabhathane.

Ezinye iimpawu zelupus zizilonda emlonyeni okanye entloko, ukulahleka kweenwele kunye nentlungu edibeneyo. Thatha uvavanyo ukuze ubone ukuba iimpawu zakho zisenokuba lupus.

Unyango njani: Kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha oqhelekileyo okanye i-rheumatologist ukwenza uvavanyo kwaye ucebise olona nyango lufanelekileyo. Ngokubanzi, unyango luquka ukusebenzisa amayeza afana ne-corticosteroids, ukhilimu wolusu kunye ne-anti-inflammatories. Ukongeza ekusebenziseni amayeza, kufuneka kugcinwe ukutya okunempilo kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo, ukuze kungabi kubi ngakumbi kumabala esikhumba abangelwa lupus. Ngaphandle kokuba sisifo esihlala ixesha elide ebomini bakhe, umntu uphila ngokwesiqhelo kwaye unomgangatho wobomi.

7. Uxinzelelo

Uxinzelelo yimvakalelo ebangela utshintsho lweemvakalelo, kodwa inokuvelisa nokuphendula komzimba emntwini, njenge irhashalala ezinqamlezileyo. Kwezinye iimeko, xa umntu esoyika kakhulu, amabala abomvu avela kulusu, ngenxa yokunyuka kwentliziyo kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi.

Kwezinye iimeko, uxinzelelo lunokubangela ukusabela okanye lube mandundu iimpawu zesifo, njengoko uxinzelelo lubangela ukuba umzimba ukhuphe izinto ezenza ukudumba. Umzekelo, kubantu abane-psoriasis okanye i-rosacea, uxinzelelo lunokuzenzakalisa izilonda zolusu.

Unyango njani: ukuba irhashalala ukusikeka kwenzeka ngenxa yesimo esithile soxinzelelo, amabala abomvu ahlala enyamalala kwiiyure ezimbalwa, nangona kunjalo ukuba kukho ukwanda kwesifo esele sifunyenwe kubalulekile ukulandela unyango kwaye uqhagamshelane nogqirha ogadayo. Ukongeza, ukuthintela uxinzelelo ekwenzeni mandundu amabala eluswini, kubalulekile ukwenza imisebenzi yokuphumla enjengokuzilolonga umzimba, ukwenza iyoga okanye ukucamngca.

8. Ukulunywa zizinambuzane

Ukulunywa zizinambuzane ezinje ngeengcongconi, iinyosi kunye noonomathotholo kunokubangela irhashalala ezinqamlezileyo, ngenxa yokusabela kolusu okubangelwa kukuhlaba okanye kukusetyenziswa kwefomic acid ekhutshwe kukuluma kwembovane. Ukongeza kumabala abomvu eluswini, ukulunywa kunokubangela amadyungudyungu, ukudumba, iintlungu, ukurhawuzelela kunye nokutsha, nakubantu abangadibaniyo nokulunywa zizinambuzane, ukudumba kunye nobofu kunokuvela apho belunywe khona.

Unyango njani: Ukuphendula kolusu okubangelwa kukulunywa zizinambuzane kuthambekele ekuphuculweni ngaphandle konyango, kodwa uxinzelelo olubandayo lunokusetyenziswa ukunciphisa iimpawu. Ukuba amabala abomvu awaphucuki okanye kuvela ukudumba, kuya kufuneka kufunwe uncedo kugqirha oqhelekileyo, onokuthi amisele amayeza okuchasana nokudumba okanye iintlungu.