Ukuphefumla okufutshane: unokuba yintoni kwaye uyintoni na

Umxholo

• 1. Uxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo
• Umsebenzi ogqithisileyo womzimba
• 3. Ukukhulelwa
• 4. Iingxaki zentliziyo
• 5. ISIQINISEKISO-19
• 6. Izifo zokuphefumla
• 7. Into encinci kwiindlela zomoya
• 8. Ukunyanga komzimba
• 9. Ukutyeba ngokugqithiseleyo
• 10. Izifo ze-Neuromuscular
• 11. I-Paroxysmal yasebusuku idyspnea
• Kufuneka wenze ntoni ngokukhawuleza xa uphefumla kancinci
• Iimviwo eziyimfuneko
• Ukuba uxelele ugqirha

Ukuphefumla kancinci kubonakaliswa bubunzima bomoya obufikelela emiphungeni, obunokwenzeka ngenxa yomsebenzi ogqithisileyo womzimba, unxunguphalo, uvalo, iphika okanye isifuba, ukongeza kwezinye iimeko ezinzulu ekufuneka ziphandwe ngugqirha.

Xa kukho ukuphefumla okufutshane, ukuhlala phantsi kwaye uzama ukuzola ngamanyathelo okuqala ekufuneka ethathiwe, kodwa ukuba imvakalelo yokuphefumla encinci ayiphucuki kwisithuba seyure okanye, ukuba iya isiba mandundu, kuya kufuneka uye kwigumbi likaxakeka .

Ezinye zezizathu eziphambili okanye izifo ezinokubangela ukuphefumla okufutshane zibandakanya:

1. Uxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo

Izizathu ezingokweemvakalelo zezona zinto zibangela ukuphefumla kancinci kubantu abasempilweni, ngakumbi kulutsha nakubantu abadala abancinci. Ke, kwimeko yoxinzelelo, uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo okanye ingxaki yokuphazamiseka kwesifo, umntu unokuba nobunzima bokuphefumla.

Kwenziwe ntoni: kubalulekile ukuba ufune uncedo lwengqondo ukuze ukwazi ukujongana neengxaki, ngaphandle kokonakalisa impilo yakho. Ukongeza ekuziqhelaniseni nemisebenzi yomzimba kunye nokutya okusempilweni, kunye nokuba neti epholisayo enje nge-chamomile, okanye iipilisi zeValerian lukhetho olufanelekileyo. Jonga ezinye iiresiphi zokupheka.

Umsebenzi ogqithisileyo womzimba

Abantu abangayiqhelanga imisebenzi yomzimba, banokuphefumla kancinci xa beqala naluphi na uhlobo lomsebenzi, kodwa ikakhulu xa behamba okanye bebaleka, ngenxa yokunqongophala kwemeko yomzimba. Ukutyeba kakhulu ngabantu abachaphazeleka kakhulu, kodwa ukuphefumla kancinci kunokubakho nakubantu abanobunzima obufanelekileyo.

N Iforum yokuHambaKule meko, kwanele ukuqhubeka nokuziqhelanisa nomsebenzi womzimba rhoqo wentliziyo, ezinye izihlunu zomzimba kunye nokuphefumla ukuze uqhelane nomzamo womzimba.

3. Ukukhulelwa

Ukuphefumla okufutshane kuqhelekile emva kweeveki ezingama-26 zokukhulelwa ngenxa yokukhula kwesisu, esinyanzela uvalo, sinendawo encinci yemiphunga.

Kwenziwe ntoni: Kuya kufuneka uhlale phantsi, uhlale esihlalweni kakuhle, uvale amehlo akho kwaye ujonge ekuphefumlweni kwakho, uzama ukuphefumla nokukhupha umoya ngokunzulu nangokucothayo. Ukusebenzisa imiqamelo kunye nemithambo kunokuba sisicwangciso esilungileyo sokulala okungcono. Jonga ezinye izizathu kwaye ufumane ukuba ngaba ukuphefumla okufutshane kuyamenzakalisa umntwana.

4. Iingxaki zentliziyo

Isifo sentliziyo, njengokusilela kwentliziyo, sibangela ukuphefumla okufutshane xa usenza iinzame, njengokuvuka ebhedini okanye ukunyuka izitepsi. Ngokwesiqhelo abantu abanale meko banika ingxelo yokuphefumla okufutshane ngexesha lesifo kwaye umntu lowo unokufumana iintlungu zesifuba, ezinje nge-angina. Jonga ezinye iimpawu zeengxaki zentliziyo.

Kwenziwe ntoni: Kuya kufuneka ulandele unyango oluboniswe ngugqirha, oluqhele ukwenziwa ngokusetyenziswa kwamayeza.

5. ISIQINISEKISO-19

I-COVID-19 lusulelo olubangelwa luhlobo lwe-coronavirus, i-SARS-CoV-2, enokuthi ichaphazele abantu kwaye ikhokelele kuphuhliso lweempawu ezinokuthi ziqale ukusuka kumkhuhlane olula ukuya kusulelo olubi kakhulu, kwaye kunokubakho nemvakalelo Ukuphefumla kancinci kwabanye abantu.

Ukongeza ekuphefumlweni okufutshane, abantu abane-COVID-19 banokuba nentloko ebuhlungu, umkhuhlane omkhulu, isifo se-malaise, iintlungu zemisipha, ukuphulukana nevumba kunye nokungcamla kunye nokukhohlela okomileyo. Yazi ezinye iimpawu ze-COVID-19.

Ezona mpawu zibaluleke kakhulu ze-COVID-19 zihlala zixhaphakile kubantu abanezigulo ezinganyangekiyo okanye abaneenguqu kwinkqubo yothutho ngenxa yokugula okanye ubudala, nangona kunjalo abantu abasempilweni banokwasulelwa yintsholongwane kwaye baphuhlise iimpawu ezinzima kwaye, ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuthatha amanyathelo okukhusela usulelo.

Kwenziwe ntoni: Kwimeko yokukrokrelwa yi-COVID-19, Oko kukuthi, xa umntu eneempawu ezicebisayo zosulelo lwe-coronavirus, kubalulekile ukwazisa ngenkonzo yezempilo ukuze uvavanyo lwenziwe kwaye kuqinisekiswe ukuxilongwa.

Kwimeko yesiphumo esincumisayo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba loo mntu ahlale yedwa kwaye anxibelelane nabantu awayeqhakamshelene nabo ukuze nabo benze uvavanyo. Bona ezinye iingcebiso malunga nento onokuyenza ukukhusela i-coronavirus yakho.

Kananjalo kule vidiyo ilandelayo, jonga ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga ne-coronavirus kunye nendlela yokuthintela usulelo:

6. Izifo zokuphefumla

Umkhuhlane kunye nokubanda, ngakumbi xa umntu ene-phlegm eninzi kunokubangela ukuphefumla okufutshane kunye nokukhohlela. Kodwa izifo ezithile ezinje nge-asthma, bronchitis, inyumoniya, i-pulmonary edema, i-pneumothorax nayo inokubangela ukuphefumla okufutshane. Apha ngezantsi kukho iimpawu zezifo eziphambili zokuphefumla ezibangela olu phawu:

• Isifuba: ukuphelelwa ngumphefumlo kuqala ngesiquphe, unokuziva uxinekile okanye uxinekile esifubeni sakho, kwaye imiqondiso enjengokukhohlela kunye nokuphefumla okungapheliyo kunokuba khona;
• IBronchitis: ukuphefumla kancinci kunxulumene ngqo nephlegm kwindlela yomoya okanye emiphungeni;
• I-COPD: Ukuphefumla kancinci kuqala kancinci kwaye kuya kusiba mbi kwiintsuku, zihlala zichaphazela abantu abane-bronchitis okanye i-emphysema. Kukho ukhohlokhohlo olomeleleyo nge phlegm kunye nomphunga ongapheliyo;
• Ukukrala kwemiphunga: ukuphefumla kancinci kuqala kancinci kancinci kuye kusiba kubi, kubuye kubekho iintlungu zomqolo okanye zemiphunga xa uphefumla, umkhuhlane kunye nokukhohlela;
• Pneumothorax: ukuphefumla kancinci kuqala ngequbuliso kwaye kukho neentlungu ngasemva okanye emiphungeni xa uphefumla;
• Ubungqina: ukuphefumla kancinci kuqala ngequbuliso, ngakumbi kuchaphazela abantu abathe bahlinzwa kutshanje, abaphumle okanye abasetyhini abathatha ipilisi. Ukukhohlela, iintlungu esifubeni kunye nokuphelelwa ngamandla nako kunokwenzeka.

Kwenziwe ntoni: Kwimeko yomkhuhlane okanye ukubanda ungathatha iisiraphu ukuphucula ukukhohlela kunye nokuhlanjwa kwempumlo nge-serum kwaye ke ukwazi ukuphefumla ngcono, kwimeko yezifo ezibi kakhulu, kuya kufuneka ulandele unyango oluboniswe ngugqirha, olunokwenziwa ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza kunye ne-physiotherapy yokuphefumula.

7. Into encinci kwiindlela zomoya

Ukuphefumla kancinci kuqala ngequbuliso, xa usitya okanye uziva ngento ethile empumlweni nasemqaleni. Kuhlala kukho isandi xa uphefumla okanye kungenakwenzeka ukuthetha okanye ukukhohlela. Iintsana nabantwana zezona zichaphazeleka kakhulu, nangona zinokwenzeka nakwabantu abalele ebhedini.

Kwenziwe ntoni: Xa into isempumlweni okanye ingasuswa ngokulula emlonyeni, umntu unokuzama ukuyisusa ngononophelo esebenzisa ii-tweezers. Nangona kunjalo, kukhuselekile ukubeka umntu kwicala lakhe ukuvulela i-airways yakhe kwaye xa kungenakwenzeka ukuba uchonge into eyenza kube nzima ukuphefumla, kuya kufuneka uye kwigumbi likaxakeka.

8. Ukunyanga komzimba

Kule meko, ukuphefumla okufutshane kuqala ngequbuliso emva kokuthatha iyeza elithile, utye into ongadibani nayo okanye ulunywe sisinambuzane.

Kwenziwe ntoni: Uninzi lwabantu abanezigulo ezibukhali kakhulu baneenaliti yeadrenaline ekufuneka isetyenziswe kwimeko kaxakeka. Ukuba kufanelekile, oku kufuneka kwenziwe kwangoko, kwaye ugqirha kufuneka aziswe. Xa umntu engenayo le naliti okanye engazi ukuba une-aleji okanye asebenzise into ebangela i-aleji engayazi, kufuneka kubizwe i-ambulensi okanye isiwe kwigumbi likaxakeka kwangoko.

9. Ukutyeba ngokugqithiseleyo

Ukutyeba kakhulu kunye nokutyeba kakhulu kunokubangela ukuphefumla okufutshane xa ulele okanye ulele kuba ubunzima bunciphisa amandla emiphunga okwandisa ngexesha lokutya komoya.

Kwenziwe ntoni: Ukuze ukwazi ukuphefumla bhetele, ngomgudu omncinci, ungasebenzisa imiqamelo okanye imithwalo xa ulele, uzama ukuhlala kwindawo ethambekele ngakumbi, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukunciphisa umzimba, ukhatshwa yingcali yesondlo. Jonga iindlela zokonyango zokutyeba kakhulu kwaye unganikezeli.

10. Izifo ze-Neuromuscular

I-Myasthenia gravis kunye ne-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis inokubangela nemvakalelo yokuphefumla kancinci ngenxa yobuthathaka bemisipha yokuphefumla.

Kwenziwe ntoni: Landela unyango oluboniswe ngugqirha, olwenziwa ngokusetyenziswa kwamayeza kwaye uhlala unolwazi malunga nexesha apho kuphefumla kancinci khona, kuba kunokuba yimfuneko ukutshintsha amayeza, okanye uhlengahlengise idosi yakho.

11. I-Paroxysmal yasebusuku idyspnea

Esi sesinye sezizathu eziqhelekileyo zokuziva ungaphefumli kakuhle ebusuku, ngexesha lokulala, kunzima nokulala, okuhlala kubangelwa ziingxaki zentliziyo okanye izifo zokuphefumla, ezinjenge-bronchitis engapheliyo okanye i-asthma.

Kwenziwe ntoni: Kwezi meko, uthethathethwano lonyango luyacetyiswa, njengoko kunokuba yimfuneko ukwenza uvavanyo oluthile ukuze kuchongwe isifo kwaye ke ngaloo ndlela kuqale unyango olufanelekileyo.

Kufuneka wenze ntoni ngokukhawuleza xa uphefumla kancinci

Kwimeko yokuphefumla kancinci, inyathelo lokuqala kukuhlala uzolile kwaye uhlale kamnandi, uvale amehlo ukuze ukwazi ukugxila ekuphefumlweni kwakho. Emva koko, kuya kufuneka ujonge ingqalelo yakho ekungeneni nasekuphumeni komoya kwimiphunga, ukuze ulawule ukuphefumla kwakho.

Ukuba ukuphefumla kancinci kubangelwa sisifo esidlulayo njengomkhuhlane okanye ukubanda, ukungqubana nomphunga ovela kwiti ye-eucalyptus kunokunceda ukucoca iindlela zomoya, ukwenza kube lula ukuba umoya udlule kunye nokunciphisa ukungonwabi.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukuphefumla kancinci kubangelwa zizifo ezifana nesifuba okanye i-bronchitis umzekelo, kwezi meko kunokuba yimfuneko ukusebenzisa amayeza athile ukucoca iindlela zomoya, ezinje ngeAerolin okanye iSalbutamol umzekelo, njengoko kubonisiwe ngugqirha.

Iimviwo eziyimfuneko

Uvavanyo alusoloko luyimfuneko ekuchongeni unobangela wokuphefumla, kuba ezinye iimeko ziyabonakala, njengokudinwa, ukutyeba kakhulu, uxinzelelo, ukukhulelwa okanye xa umntu sele enesifuba, ibronchitis okanye enye intliziyo okanye isifo sokuphefumla ebesifunyenwe ngaphambili.

Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, iimvavanyo ziyimfuneko, kungafuneka ube nesifuba x-ray, electrocardiogram, spirometry, ukubala kwegazi, iswekile yegazi, i-TSH, i-urea kunye neelectrolyte.

Ukuba uxelele ugqirha

Olunye ulwazi olunokuba luncedo kugqirha ukufumanisa unobangela kwaye lubonise unyango oluyimfuneko zezi:

• Xa kufika ukuphefumla okufutshane, ngesiquphe okanye ngokuthe ngcembe iya isiba mandundu;
• Leliphi ixesha lonyaka, nokuba umntu ebephume elizweni okanye hayi;
• Ukuba wenze umsebenzi owenziwe ngokwasemzimbeni okanye nawuphi na umzamo ngaphambi kokuqala olu phawu;
• Kukangaphi kubonakala kunye nexesha elinzima kakhulu;
• Ukuba kukho ezinye iimpawu ngaxeshanye, ezinje ngokukhohlela, phlegm, ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza.

Kukwaluncedo kakhulu kugqirha ukwazi ukuba imvakalelo yokuphefumla enayo iyafana nemvakalelo yomzamo wokuphefumla, yokuziva uxinekile okanye ukuqina esifubeni.