Ukuphulukana nokuSweleka koSapho

Umxholo

• Ziintoni iimpawu?
• Ibangelwa yintoni?
• Kufunyaniswa njani?
• Inyangwa njani?
• Ukuhlala neFFI

Yintoni eyokungalali kakuhle kosapho?

Ukungalali kakuhle kosapho (FFI) sisifo esinqabileyo sokulala esihamba kwiintsapho. Ichaphazela i-thalamus. Ubume bengqondo bulawula izinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo, kubandakanya ukubonakaliswa kweemvakalelo kunye nokulala. Ngelixa olona phawu luphambili kukungalali, i-FFI inokubangela uluhlu lwezinye iimpawu, ezinje ngeengxaki zokuthetha kunye nesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo.

Kukho okwahlukileyo okunqabileyo ekuthiwa kukungalali okwenzeka manqaphanqapha. Nangona kunjalo, bekukho kuphela iimeko ezingama-24 ezibhaliweyo ukusukela ngo-2016. Abaphandi banolwazi oluncinci malunga nokuqaqanjelwa bubuthongo okungapheliyo, ngaphandle kokuba akubonakali ngathi kungokwemfuza.

I-FFI ifumana igama layo ngokuyinxenye kwinto yokuba ihlala ibangela ukufa kungaphelanga unyaka kwiimpawu ezimbini eziqala. Nangona kunjalo, eli xesha lexesha linokwahluka ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye.

Inxalenye yosapho lweemeko ezaziwa ngokuba zizifo ze-prion. Ezi ziimeko ezinqabileyo ezibangela ukulahleka kweeseli zemithambo-luvo kwingqondo. Ezinye izifo ze-prion zibandakanya isifo i-kuru kunye neCreutzfeldt-Jakob. Kukho kuphela iimeko ezingama-300 ezichaziweyo zezifo ze-prion minyaka le e-United States, ngokwe-Johns Hopkins Medicine. I-FFI ithathwa njengesinye sezifo ezinqabileyo ze-prion.

Ziintoni iimpawu?

Iimpawu ze-FFI ziyahluka ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye. Bavame ukubonisa phakathi kweminyaka engama-32 ukuya kuma-62. Nangona kunjalo, kunokwenzeka ukuba baqale besebancinci okanye bekhulile.

Iimpawu ezinokubakho kwinqanaba lokuqala le-FFI zibandakanya:

• ingxaki yokulala
• unengxaki yokuhlala ulele
• ukuxubana kwezihlunu kunye nokudumba
• ukuqina kwemisipha
• ukuhamba nokukhaba xa ulele
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya
• isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo esiqhubela phambili ngokukhawuleza

Iimpawu ze-FFI eziphambili zibandakanya:

• ukungakwazi ukulala
• ukonakala kwengqondo kunye nokusebenza kwengqondo
• ukulahleka kokulungelelanisa, okanye i-ataxia
• ukonyuka koxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo
• ukubila okugqithisileyo
• ukungakwazi ukuthetha okanye ukuginya
• ukwehla kobunzima obungachazwanga
• ifiva

Ibangelwa yintoni?

I-FFI ibangelwa kukutshintsha kohlobo lwe-PRNP. Olu tshintsho lubangela uhlaselo kwi-thalamus, elawula ukulala kwakho kwaye ivumela iindawo ezahlukeneyo zengqondo yakho ukuba zinxibelelane.

Kuthathwa njengesifo esiqhubela phambili se-neurodegenerative. Oku kuthetha ukuba ibangela ukuba i-thalamus yakho iphulukane ngokuthe ngcembe neeseli zemithambo-luvo. Kukulahleka kweeseli okukhokelela kuluhlu lweempawu ze-FFI.

Ukutshintsha kwemfuza okujongene ne-FFI kudluliselwa kwiintsapho. Umzali onguquko unethuba leepesenti ezingama-50 lokudlulisela utshintsho kumntwana wakhe.

Kufunyaniswa njani?

Ukuba ucinga ukuba unokuba unayo i-FFI, ugqirha wakho uya kuqala ngokukucela ukuba ugcine amanqaku apheleleyo malunga nemikhwa yakho yokulala kangangexesha elithile. Banokwenza ukuba wenze isifundo sokulala. Oku kubandakanya ukulala esibhedlele okanye kwiziko lokulala ngelixa ugqirha wakho urekhoda idatha malunga nezinto ezinje ngengqondo yakho kunye nenqanaba lentliziyo. Oku kunokukunceda ukulawula naziphi na ezinye izizathu zeengxaki zakho zokulala, ezifana ne-apnea yokulala okanye i-narcolepsy.

Okulandelayo, unokufuna ukuskena kwePET. Olu hlobo lovavanyo lokucinga luya kunika ugqirha wakho umbono ongcono malunga nokuba isebenza njani i-thalamus yakho.

Ukuvavanywa kwemfuzo kunokunceda ugqirha wakho aqinisekise isifo. Nangona kunjalo, e-United States, kuya kufuneka unembali yosapho ye-FFI okanye ukwazi ukubonisa ukuba iimvavanyo zangaphambili ziphakamisa ngamandla i-FFI ukwenza oku. Ukuba unetyala eliqinisekisiweyo le-FFI kusapho lwakho, uyafaneleka kuvavanyo lwemfuza ngaphambi kokubeleka.

Inyangwa njani?

Akukho lunyango lwe-FFI. Zimbalwa unyango ezinokukunceda ukulawula iimpawu. Amayeza okulala, umzekelo, anokubonelela ngesiqabu sexeshana kwabanye abantu, kodwa azisebenzi ixesha elide.

Nangona kunjalo, abaphandi basebenzela ngokubonakalayo kunyango olusebenzayo kunye namanyathelo othintelo. Ucebisa ukuba i-immunotherapy inokunceda, kodwa uphando olongezelelweyo, kubandakanya izifundo zabantu, ziyafuneka. Kukwakho okuqhubekayo okubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwe-doxycycline, iyeza lokubulala iintsholongwane. Abaphandi bacinga ukuba inokuba yindlela efanelekileyo yokuthintela i-FFI kubantu abaphethe uguquko oluyibangelayo.

Abantu abaninzi abanezifo ezinqabileyo bakufumanisa kuluncedo ukunxibelelana nabanye abakwimeko efanayo, kwi-Intanethi okanye kwiqela lenkxaso lendawo. Isiseko seCreutzfeldt-Jakob seZifo ngumzekelo omnye. Yinto engenzi nzuzo ebonelela ngezixhobo ezininzi malunga nezifo ze-prion.

Ukuhlala neFFI

Kungathatha iminyaka ngaphambi kokuba iimpawu ze-FFI ziqale ukubonakala. Nangona kunjalo, nje ukuba baqalise, bathambekele ekubeni mandundu ngokukhawuleza ekuhambeni konyaka okanye emibini. Ngelixa kukho uphando oluqhubekayo malunga nokunyanga okunokubakho, akukho lonyango lwaziwayo lwe-FFI, nangona izixhobo zokulala zinokubonelela ngesiqabu sexeshana.