Ukwazi njani ukuba ngumkhuhlane emntwaneni (kunye nezona zinto zixhaphakileyo)

Umxholo

• Yintoni enokubangela umkhuhlane emntwaneni
• Indlela yokulinganisa umkhuhlane emntwaneni
• Iingcebiso zokunciphisa umkhuhlane womntwana
• Ukwazi njani ukuba umkhuhlane unzima

Ukunyuka kobushushu bomzimba elusaneni kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo kuphela ngumkhuhlane xa ungaphezulu kwe-37.5ºC kumlinganiso wekhwapha, okanye i-38.2º C kwiraphu. Phambi kobu bushushu, kuthathelwa ingqalelo kuphela njengomkhuhlane, awusosi sizathu sokukhathazeka.

Nanini na xa umntwana enefiva, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba ngaba unazo ezinye iimpawu kuba, ngesiqhelo, ukuzalwa kwamazinyo kunye nokuthatha isitofu sokugonya kunokubangela umkhuhlane ofikelela kuma-38ºC, kodwa umntwana uyaqhubeka nokutya kwaye alale kakuhle. Kule meko, ukubeka ilaphu lokuhlamba elifakwe emanzini abandayo ebunzini lomntwana kunokunceda ukuthoba umkhuhlane.

Nangona umkhuhlane emntwaneni uthathwa njengongaphezulu ko-37.5º C ekhwapheni, okanye u-38.2ºC kwiraphu, ubukhulu becala kunokubangela ukonakala kwengqondo xa ingaphezulu kwe-41.5ºC okanye nangaphezulu.

Yintoni enokubangela umkhuhlane emntwaneni

Ukunyuka kobushushu bomzimba kubonisa ukuba umzimba wosana ulwa ne-arhente ehlaselayo. Ezona meko zixhaphakileyo ezibangela umkhuhlane kwiintsana zezi:

• Ukuzalwa kwamazinyo: Ihlala isenzeka kwinyanga yesi-4 kwaye ungabona iintsini ezidumbileyo kwaye umntwana uhlala efuna ukuba nesandla emlonyeni wakhe, ukongeza ekucutheni amathe kakhulu.
• Impendulo emva kokuthatha isitofu sokugonya: Kubonakala kwiiyure ezimbalwa emva kokuthatha iyeza lokugonya, kuba lula ukubalisa ukuba umkhuhlane mhlawumbi usabela
• Ukuba umkhuhlane uza emva komkhuhlane okanye umkhuhlane, unokukrokrela sinusitis okanye ukudumba kwendlebe: Usana lusenokungabi nayo i-phlegm okanye lubonakale lunomkhuhlane, kodwa izicwili zangaphakathi empumlweni nasemqaleni zinokudumba, zibangele umkhuhlane.
• Ukukrala kwemiphunga: Iimpawu zomkhuhlane ziba qatha kwaye kubonakale nefiva, nto leyo eyenza kubenzima ukuphefumla komntwana;
• Usulelo lwe-Urinary: Umkhuhlane ophantsi (ukuya kuthi ga kuma-38.5ºC alinganiswe kwi-anus) inokuba kuphela komqondiso kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala, kodwa ukugabha kunye norhudo, iintlungu zesisu kunye nokuphelelwa ngumdla.
• I-Dengue: exhaphake ngakumbi ehlotyeni, ngakumbi kwiindawo zobhubhane, kukho umkhuhlane kunye nelahleko lokutya, umntwana ubuqili kwaye uthanda ukulala kakhulu.
• Iqhwiqhwi: Kukho umkhuhlane kunye namadyungudyungu kulusu, ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya kunye neentlungu esiswini nazo zinokuvela.
• Imasisi: Umkhuhlane uhlala kangangeentsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-5, kwaye zihlala kukho imiqondiso yokukhwehlela, impumlo ebusayo kunye nokudibana, kunye namabala amnyama esikhumbeni.
• Umkhuhlane ombi: Kukho umkhuhlane kunye nomqala obuhlungu, ulwimi ludumba kwaye nanjengoko lubonakala ngathi luhlaza, kuvela amabala amancinci kulusu olunokubangela ukuxobuka.
• Erysipelas: Kukho umkhuhlane, ukubanda, iintlungu kwindawo echaphazelekayo enokuba bomvu idumbe.

Xa ukrokrela ukuba umntwana wakho unefiva, kuya kufuneka ulinganise umkhuhlane nge-thermometer, kwaye ubone ukuba ngaba zikhona ezinye iimpawu okanye iimpawu ezinokunceda ekuchongeni into ebangela umkhuhlane, kodwa ukuba ungathandabuzeki kuya kugqirha wabantwana , ngakumbi xa umntwana engaphantsi kweenyanga ezintathu ubudala.

Indlela yokulinganisa umkhuhlane emntwaneni

Ukulinganisa umkhuhlane wosana, beka incam yentsimbi yethemometha yeglasi phantsi kwengalo yosana, uyishiye apho kangangemizuzu emi-3, uze ujonge ubushushu obukwithemometha uqobo. Enye into enokwenzeka kukusebenzisa ithemometha yedijithali, ebonisa ubushushu kwimizuzu engaphantsi kwe-1.

Iqondo lobushushu linokulinganiswa ngokuchanekileyo kwi-rectum yomntwana. Nangona kunjalo, kwezi meko, kubalulekile ukuba kuthathelwe ingqalelo ubushushu be-rectal buphezulu kune-buccal kunye ne-axillary lobushushu, ke xa ujonga ubushushu umntu kufuneka ahlale ejonga indawo enye, eyona ixhaphakileyo iba yeyekhwapha. Ubushushu bexande bungaba phakathi kwe-0.8 ukuya kwi-1ºC ngaphezulu kune-axillary, kwaye ke xa umntwana enefiva engama-37.8ºC ekhwapheni, kusenokwenzeka ukuba unobushushu obungu-38.8ºC emngxunyeni.

Ukulinganisa ubushushu kwi-rectum kunyanzelekile ukuba usebenzise ithemometha ngebhulorho ethambileyo, eguqukayo ekufuneka ingeniswe ubuncinci i-3 cm

Bona ngakumbi malunga nendlela yokusebenzisa ithemometha ngokuchanekileyo.

Iingcebiso zokunciphisa umkhuhlane womntwana

Into ekucetyiswa ukuba uyenze ukunciphisa umkhuhlane womntwana yile:

• Jonga ukuba imeko-bume ishushu kakhulu kwaye ukuba kunokwenzeka, xhuma ifeni okanye isixhobo somoya;
• Guqula iimpahla zomntwana zibe khaphukhaphu kwaye zipholile;
• Nika into engamanzi neyintsha umntwana ukuba ayithathe yonke isiqingatha seyure, ukuba uvukile;
• Nika umntwana ukufudumala kwindawo yokuhlambela ebandayo, uphephe amanzi abandayo kakhulu. Ubushushu bamanzi kufuneka busondele kuma-36 toC, obubushushu obuqhelekileyo besikhumba.
• Ukubeka ilaphu lokuhlamba lifakwe emanzini ashushu kumanzi abandayo ebunzi kusenokunceda ukuthoba umkhuhlane.

Ukuba umkhuhlane awuhli kangangesiqingatha seyure, ugqirha kufuneka kuboniswane naye, ngakumbi ukuba umntwana ucaphuka kakhulu, ukhala kakhulu okanye akanamdla. Iyeza elinconyelwe ukunciphisa umkhuhlane emntwaneni yiDipirona, kodwa kufuneka lisetyenziswe kuphela ngolwazi kugqirha wabantwana.

Jonga ezinye iindlela zokwehlisa umkhuhlane kusana.

Ukwazi njani ukuba umkhuhlane unzima

Umkhuhlane uhlala ubanzima xa ufikelela kuma-38ºC, ufanelwe kukuqwalaselwa ngabazali kunye notyelelo kugqirha wabantwana, ngakumbi xa:

• Akunakwenzeka ukuba uqaphele ukuba amazinyo azalwa kwaye mhlawumbi kukho esinye isizathu;
• Kukho urhudo, ukugabha kwaye umntwana akafuni ukuncancisa okanye ukutya;
• Umntwana unamehlo atshonileyo, uinyembezi ngakumbi kunesiqhelo, kwaye uchame kancinci, kuba oko kunokubonisa ukomisa emzimbeni;
• Amabala esikhumba, ukurhawuzelela okanye ukuba umntwana ubonakala engonwabanga.

Kodwa ukuba umntwana uthambile kwaye ulele, kodwa enefiva, kuya kufuneka uye kwagqirha ufumanise ukuba yintoni ebangela ukuba obu bushushu bonyuke kwaye uqalise ngonyango olufanelekileyo, ngamayeza.