Yintoni iTyphoid Fever, uThumelo kunye noThintelo

Umxholo

• Iimpawu zentsholongwane yomkhuhlane
• Ugonyo lwe-typhoid fever
• Ukuhanjiswa komkhuhlane weTyphoid
• Unyango njani umkhuhlane weTyphoid

Umkhuhlane weTyphoid sisifo esosulelayo esinokusasazwa ngokusebenzisa amanzi kunye nokutya okungcoliswe kuko Salmonella typhi, eyi-arhente ye-etiologic ye-typhoid fever, ebangela iimpawu ezinje ngomkhuhlane omkhulu, ukungabinamdla wokutya, udakada owandisiweyo kunye namabala abomvu kulusu.

Unyango lwe-typhoid fever lungenziwa ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, ukuphumla kunye nokutya okumanzi ukuhambisa isigulana. Iyeza lokuthintela umkhuhlane we-typhoid yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuthintela isifo kwaye liyaboniswa kubantu abaza kuya kwimimandla apho esi sifo siqhele khona.

Umkhuhlane weTyphoid uhambelana namanqanaba asezantsi kwezoqoqosho, ubukhulu becala nococeko olungekho mgangathweni kunye nococeko lomntu kunye nokusingqongileyo, kunye ne-typhoid fever eBrazil ixhaphake kakhulu kwiindawo apho iimeko zinobungozi ngakumbi.

I-typhoid kunye neparatyphoid fever zizifo ezifanayo ezineempawu ezifanayo kunye nonyango, nangona kunjalo, umkhuhlane weparatyphoid ubangelwa ziintsholongwane Salmonella paratyphi A, B okanye C kwaye ubukhulu becala bunzima kakhulu. I-typhoid fever kunye ne-typhus zizifo ezahlukileyo, kuba i-typhus sisifo esosulelayo esibangelwa yi-Rickettsia bacteria, esosulela ngokulunywa sisinambuzane esosulelekileyo, njengeentwala, iintakumba okanye amakhalane okanye ngokungcoliseka lilindle lesinambuzane esosulelekileyo. Funda nzulu ngeTyphus.

Iimpawu zentsholongwane yomkhuhlane

Imifanekiso ibonisa enye yeempawu zentsholongwane ye-typhoid, amabala abomvu egxalabeni, esifubeni nasesiswini.

Iimpawu zomkhuhlane weTyphoid zibandakanya:

• Umkhuhlane ophezulu;
• Ukugodola;
• Isisu esibuhlungu;
• Ukuqunjelwa okanye urhudo;
• Intloko ebuhlungu;
• Malaise;
• Ipeni eyandisiweyo;
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya;
• Ukukhohlela owomileyo;
• Amabala abomvu eluswini, athi shwaka xa ucinezelwe.

Iimpawu zomkhuhlane weTyphoid zinokuthi, kwezinye iimeko, zifane nosulelo lwendlela yokuphefumla kunye ne-meningitis. Ixesha lokuxubusha kwesi sifo ziiveki ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-3, kwaye umntu unokuba nomkhuhlane we-typhoid amatyeli aliqela ebomini.

Ukuchongwa komkhuhlane we-typhoid kungenziwa ngegazi kunye nokuvavanywa kwesitulo.

Ugonyo lwe-typhoid fever

Isitofu sokugonya se-typhoid yeyona ndlela isebenzayo yokuthintela umkhuhlane we-typhoid. Kuboniswa kubantu abaza kuya kwimimandla apho isifo sihlala sihlala khona.

Ukhumbula ukuba isitofu sokugonya asimkhuseli ngokupheleleyo umntu ekubeni abe ne-typhoid fever, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ezinye iindlela zokuthintela, ezinjengaphambi kokusela, ukubilisa okanye ukuhluza amanzi, usebenzisa amanzi amaminerali nokuba uhlambe amazinyo akho, wenze ucoceko lomntu yonke imihla, kunqande ukuya kwiindawo ezinempilo enkenenkene, ukuhlamba izandla phambi kokulungisa ukutya nasemva kokuya kwigumbi lokuhlambela kunye nococeko olusisiseko.

Ukuhanjiswa komkhuhlane weTyphoid

Ukuhanjiswa komkhuhlane weTyphoid kuhlala kwenziwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Ngokungenisa amanzi nokutya, okungcoliswe lilindle okanye umchamo ovela kumntu ogula ngumkhuhlane wetyphoid;
• Ngokudibana ngqo nezandla, ngezandla zomntu ophethe i-typhoid fever.

Imifuno, iziqhamo kunye nemifuno enkcenkceshelwa ngamanzi angcolileyo nayo inokubangela esi sifo, kwaye nokutya esele kukhenkcezisiwe akukhuselekanga, kuba amaqondo obushushu asezantsi akakwazi ukuphelisa isalmonella.

Jonga kwakhona indlela yokuhlamba imifuno kakuhle

Unyango njani umkhuhlane weTyphoid

Ngokwesiqhelo, unyango lwe-typhoid fever lunokwenziwa ekhaya kunye nolawulo lwee-antibiotics, ezimiselwe ngugqirha, ezinje nge-chloramphenicol, ukongeza ekuphumleni, ukutya okuphantsi kweekhalori kunye namafutha kunye nokutya okungamanzi kwisigulana ukuze sihlale sinamanzi. Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, kunokuba yimfuneko ukuba umntu alaliswe esibhedlele ukuze abekwe iliso kwaye afumane i-serum kunye ne-antibiotics ngomthambo.

Kuyacetyiswa ukuba usele amanzi amaninzi okanye iti ukuze uhlambe amanzi, kufuneka uphephe ukutya okunamafutha neswekile eninzi. Ukunciphisa umkhuhlane, iibhafu ezininzi zinokuthathwa imini yonke, ukongeza ekuthatheni iparacetamol okanye idipyrone kumaxesha acetyiswayo. Izidambisi akufuneki zithathwe ukukhulula amathumbu okanye ukutya ukutya okubambe amathumbu xa kukho isifo sorhudo.

Jonga iindlela zendalo zokunciphisa umkhuhlane

Emva kosuku lwesi-5, umntu lowo akasayi kuphinda abonakalise iimpawu, kodwa abe enebhaktiriya emzimbeni. Umntu unokuhlala kunye neebhakteria ukuya kuthi ga kwiinyanga ezi-4, ezenzeka ngaphezulu kwe-1/4 yezigulana, okanye ngaphezulu konyaka omnye, imeko enqabileyo, ke kubalulekile ukusebenzisa igumbi lokuhlambela ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ugcine izandla zakho zihlala ucocekile.

Xa ushiywe unganyangwa, umkhuhlane we-typhoid unokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu kumntu, njengokuphuma kwegazi, ukugcwala kwamathumbu, usulelo ngokubanzi, ikhoma kunye nokufa.