Yonke into ekufuneka uyazi ngesifo sesihlanu

Umxholo

• Sisiphi isifo sesihlanu?
• Yintoni ebangela isifo sesihlanu?
• Sijongeka njani isifo sesihlanu?
• Ziintoni iimpawu zesi sifo sesihlanu?
• Sichongwa njani isifo sesihlanu?
• Sinyangwa njani isifo sesihlanu?
• Isifo sesihlanu kubantu abadala
• Isifo sesihlanu ngexesha lokukhulelwa
• Isifo sesihlanu kwiintsana
• Sisasulelwa nini isifo sesihlanu?
• Imbonakalo
• Singathintelwa njani isifo sesihlanu?
• Isifo sesihlanu vs. isifo sesithandathu
• Isifo sesihlanu vs fever ebomvu
• Imibuzo neempendulo
• Q:
• A:

Sisiphi isifo sesihlanu?

Isifo sesihlanu sisifo sentsholongwane esihlala sikhokelela kurhwaphilizo ebomvu ezingalweni, emilenzeni nasezidleleni. Ngesi sizathu, ikwabizwa ngokuba sisifo esidleleni.

Kuqhelekile kwaye kubumnene kuninzi lwabantwana. Kungaba nzima ngakumbi kubafazi abakhulelweyo okanye nakubani na onesistim somzimba sokuzikhusela.

Uninzi loogqirha bacebisa abantu abanesifo sesihlanu ukuba balinde iimpawu. Kungenxa yokuba okwangoku akukho nyango luya kunciphisa ikhosi yesi sifo.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unamajoni omzimba obuthathaka, ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukukubeka esweni de iimpawu ziphele.

Funda ukuze ufumane:

• Kutheni isifo sesihlanu sikhula
• ngubani osengozini enkulu
• wazi njani ukuba olo krwada lubomvu lunokuba luphawu lwento ebaluleke ngakumbi

Yintoni ebangela isifo sesihlanu?

IParvovirus B19 ibangela isifo sesihlanu. Le ntsholongwane ibangelwa kukusasazeka ngamathe kunye nemfihlo yokuphefumla phakathi kwabantwana abakwisikolo samabanga aphantsi.

Iphakathi:

• ebusika
• intwasahlobo
• ekuqaleni kwehlobo

Nangona kunjalo, inokusasazeka nanini na naphakathi kwabantu bayo nayiphi na iminyaka.

Uninzi lwabantu abadala banee-antibodies ezibathintelayo ekuphuhliseni isifo sesihlanu ngenxa yokuvezwa kwangaphambili ngexesha lobuntwana. Xa ufumana isifo sesihlanu sele umdala, iimpawu zinokuba nzima.

Ukuba ufumana isifo sesihlanu ngelixa ukhulelwe, kukho ingozi enkulu kumntwana wakho ongekazalwa, kubandakanya ne-anemia esongela ubomi.

Kubantwana abanamajoni omzimba asempilweni, isifo sesihlanu sisifo esixhaphakileyo, esipholileyo esingafane sibonise iziphumo ezingapheliyo.

Sijongeka njani isifo sesihlanu?

Ziintoni iimpawu zesi sifo sesihlanu?

Iimpawu zokuqala zesifo sesihlanu ziqheleke kakhulu. Zingafana neempawu ezinobushushu bomkhuhlane. Iimpawu zihlala zibandakanya:

• intloko ebuhlungu
• ukudinwa
• umkhuhlane ophantsi
• umqala obuhkungu
• isicaphucaphu
• impumlo enemifinya
• Impumlo exineneyo

Ngokwe-Arthritis Foundation, iimpawu zihlala zivela kwiintsuku ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-14 emva kokubhengeza intsholongwane.

Emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa zokuba nazo ezi mpawu, uninzi lwabantu abancinci luba ne-red rash eqala ukubonakala ezidleleni. Ngamanye amaxesha irhashalala luphawu lokuqala lokugula oluqatshelweyo.

Irhashalala ithanda ukucoca kwindawo enye yomzimba kwaye iphinde ivele kwelinye ilungu lomzimba kwiintsuku ezimbalwa.

Ukongeza ezidleleni, irhashalala izakuhlala ibonakala kwi:

• iingalo
• imilenze
• isiqu somzimba

Irhashalala inokuhlala iiveki. Kodwa, ngexesha olibona ngalo, uhlala ungasosuleli.

Abantwana banamathuba okufumana irhashalala kunabantu abadala. Ngapha koko, olona phawu lwabantu abadala bahlala befumana iintlungu ezidibeneyo. Intlungu edibeneyo inokuhlala iiveki ezininzi. Ihlala iqapheleka kwezi:

• izihlahla
• amaqatha
• amadolo

Sichongwa njani isifo sesihlanu?

Oogqirha banokuhlala besenza isifo ngokujonga nje irhashalala. Ugqirha wakho unokukuvavanya kwizikhuseli ezithile ukuba kunokwenzeka ujongane neziphumo ezibi zezifo zesihlanu. Oku kuyinyani ngokukodwa ukuba ukhulelwe okanye unesistim somzimba sokuzivikela.

Sinyangwa njani isifo sesihlanu?

Kubantu abaninzi abasempilweni, akukho nyango luyimfuneko.

Ukuba amalungu akho abuhlungu okanye unentloko okanye umkhuhlane, unokucetyiswa ukuba uthathe ngaphezulu kwe-counter (OTC) i-acetaminophen (iTylenol) njengoko kufuneka ukhulule ezi mpawu. Ngaphandle koko, kuya kufuneka ulinde umzimba wakho ukuba ulwe nentsholongwane. Oku kuhlala kuthabatha iveki enye ukuya kwezintathu.

Ungayinceda le nkqubo ngokusela amanzi amaninzi kunye nokuphumla. Abantwana banako ukubuyela esikolweni xa kuvela irhashalala ebomvu kuba bengasosuleli.

Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, i-immunoglobulin (IVIG) efakwa ngaphakathi inokufakwa. Olu nyango luhlala lugcinelwe iimeko ezinzima, ezisongela ubomi.

Isifo sesihlanu kubantu abadala

Ngelixa isifo sesihlanu sihlala sichaphazela abantwana, sinokwenzeka nakubantu abadala. Njengabantwana, isifo sesihlanu kubantu abadala siphantse sihlale sithambile. Iimpawu zibandakanya iintlungu ezidibeneyo kunye nokudumba.

Ukugqithisa okuncinci kunokubakho, kodwa irhashalala ayisoloko ikhona. Abanye abantu abadala abanesifo sesihlanu abanamava kwaphela.

Unyango lwezi mpawu luqhelekileyo unyango lwe-OTC, njengeTylenol kunye ne-ibuprofen. La mayeza anokunceda ukunciphisa ukudumba kunye nentlungu edibeneyo. Iimpawu zihlala ziphucula ngokwazo kwiveki enye okanye ezimbini, kodwa zinokuhlala iinyanga ezininzi.

Abantu abadala abafane bafumane iingxaki ngesihlanu. Abasetyhini abakhulelweyo kunye nabantu abadala abanamajoni omzimba abuthathaka okanye i-anemia engapheliyo banokuba neengxaki xa befumana isifo sesihlanu.

Isifo sesihlanu ngexesha lokukhulelwa

Uninzi lwabantu abadibana nentsholongwane ebangela isifo sesihlanu kwaye abo bathi kamva baphuhle usulelo abayi kuba nangxaki njengesiphumo. Ngokutsho kwamaZiko okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo (i-CDC), phantse azikhuselekanga kwintsholongwane, ngenxa yoko azizukukhula sisifo sesihlanu nokuba zivelile.

Kulawo angakhuselekanga, ukubhencwa kunokuthetha ukugula kancinane. Iimpawu zingabandakanya:

• intlungu edibeneyo
• ukudumba
• irhashalala elipholileyo

Imveku esakhulayo ayinakulindeleka ukuba ichaphazeleke, kodwa kunokwenzeka ukuba umama ayidlulisele le meko kumntwana wakhe ongekazalwa.

Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, usana olungekazalwa nonina osulelwe yiparvovirus B19 lunokukhula kakhulu. Le meko yenza ukuba kube nzima kumntwana okhulayo ukuba enze iiseli ezibomvu zegazi (i-RBCs), kwaye oko kungakhokelela ekuphumeni kwesisu.

Ukukhulelwa kwesisu okubangelwa sisifo sesihlanu akuqhelekanga. abasifumana isifo sesihlanu baya kuphulukana nemveku engekazalwa. Ukutshata ngaphandle komtshato kuhlala kwenzeka kwikota yokuqala, okanye kwiinyanga ezintathu zokuqala zokukhulelwa.

Akukho nonyango yesifo sesihlanu ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Nangona kunjalo, ugqirha wakho uya kucela ukongezwa esweni. Oku kunokubandakanya:

• utyelelo olungaphambi kokubeleka
• ii-ultrasound ezongezelelweyo
• umsebenzi wegazi rhoqo

Isifo sesihlanu kwiintsana

Oomama abafunyaniswa benesifo sesihlanu banokudlulisela intsholongwane kumntwana wabo okhulayo. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, umntwana angakhula kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, oku kunqabile.

Iintsana ezine-anemia ezibangelwa sisifo sesihlanu zisenokufuna ukutofelwa igazi. Kwezinye iimeko, imeko inokubangela ukuzalwa komntwana okanye ukuphuma kwesisu.

Ukuba umntwana ufumana isifo sesihlanu kwi-utero, akukho lonyango. Ugqirha uya kubeka esweni umama kunye nosana lonke ixesha lokukhulelwa. Usana luya kufumana unyango olongezelelekileyo emva kokubeleka, kubandakanya utofelo-gazi xa kukho imfuneko.

Sisasulelwa nini isifo sesihlanu?

Isifo sesihlanu siyasasazeka kwisigaba sokuqala sosulelo, ngaphambi kokuba kuvele iimpawu ezinjengokukhawuleza.

Idluliselwa ngemfihlo yokuphefumla, efana namathe okanye isikhohlela. Olu lwelo luqhele ukuveliswa ngeempumlo ezivuzayo kunye nokuthimla, ezo ziimpawu zokuqala zesifo sesihlanu. Yiyo loo nto isifo sesihlanu sinokudluliselwa ngokulula nangokukhawuleza.

Kuphela kuxa kukho irhashalala, ukuba umntu uyakwenza oko, apho kunokucaca ukuba iimpawu azingomphumo womkhuhlane okanye umkhuhlane oqhelekileyo. IiRash zihlala zivela kwiiveki ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu emva kokuvezwa kwintsholongwane. Ngethuba kuvela irhashalala, awusosuleli.

Imbonakalo

Isifo sesihlanu asinazo iziphumo zexesha elide kubantu abaninzi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba amajoni akho omzimba abuthathaka ngenxa ye-HIV, i-chemotherapy, okanye ezinye iimeko, kuyakufuneka ube phantsi kolawulo lukagqirha njengoko umzimba wakho usebenza ukulwa nesi sifo.

Ukuba une-anemia ngaphambi kokufumana isifo sesihlanu, uya kudinga unyango.

Kungenxa yokuba isifo sesihlanu sinokumisa umzimba wakho ekuveliseni ii-RBCs, ezinokunciphisa inani leoksijini efunyanwa zizicubu zakho. Oku kunokwenzeka ngakumbi kubantu abane-sickle cell anemia.

Jonga ugqirha kwangoko ukuba une-sickle cell anemia kwaye ucinge ukuba usenokuba ubekhe wafunyanwa sisifo sesihlanu.

Kungaba yingozi ukuba uhlakulela imeko ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Isifo sesihlanu sinokulimaza umntwana wakho okhulayo ukuba ahlakulele uhlobo olubi lwe-anemia olubizwa ngokuba yi-hemolytic anemia. Ingakhokelela kwimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-hydrops fetalis.

Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa. Olu lutofelo-gazi olwenziwe ngentambo ukunceda ukukhusela umntwana ongekazalwa kwesi sifo.

Ngokuka-Matshi ka-Dimes, ezinye iingxaki ezinxulumene nokukhulelwa zinokubandakanya:

• ukumelwa yintliziyo
• ukuphuma kwesisu
• ukuzalwa komntwana oswelekileyo

Singathintelwa njani isifo sesihlanu?

Kuba isifo sesihlanu sihlala sisasazeka sisuka komnye umntu sisiya komnye ngokungena ngaphakathi, zama ukunciphisa unxibelelwano nabantu:

• Ukuthimla
• ukukhohlela
• bevuthela iimpumlo

Ukuhlamba izandla rhoqo kunokunceda ukunciphisa amathuba okufumana isifo sesihlanu.

Nje ukuba umntu onamajoni omzimba aphilileyo afumane esi sifo, athathwa ngokuba omzimba ubomi bonke.

Isifo sesihlanu vs. isifo sesithandathu

URoseola, okwaziwa ngokuba sisifo sesithandathu, sisifo sentsholongwane esixhaphakileyo esibangelwa yi-herpesvirus yabantu (HHV-6).

Kuqheleke kakhulu kubantwana abaneminyaka emi-6 ukuya kwiminyaka emi-2. Malunga nabantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emibini ubudala.

Uphawu lokuqala lwe-roseola luya kuba ngumkhuhlane omkhulu, malunga ne-102 ukuya kwi-104 ° F. Inokuhlala kangangeentsuku ezintathu ukuya kwezintlanu. Emva kokuba umkhuhlane uphelile, i-telltale rash iya kukhula kwi-trunk kwaye ihlala ifikelela ebusweni naseziphelweni.

Irhashalala lipinki okanye bomvu ngombala, ligqongqo kwaye likhangeleke ibala. Isifo sesihlanu kunye ne-roseola zine-rash efanayo, kodwa ezinye iimpawu ze-roseola zibeka ezi zifo zimbini.

Ezinye iimpawu zingabandakanya:

• impumlo enemifinya
• ukudumba kweenkophe
• ukucaphuka
• ukudinwa

Njengesifo sesihlanu, i-roseola ayinalo unyango oluthile. Ugqirha womntwana wakho uya kuncoma ukunyanga umkhuhlane nge-acetaminophen engaphezulu kwekhawunta. Unokusebenzisa ulwelo kunye nezinye iindlela ezithuthuzelayo zokugcina umntwana ekhululekile de kube kudlule umkhuhlane kunye nokukhawuleza.

Abantwana abanesifo sesithandathu abanakufane bafumane iingxaki. Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo kukuhlutha umzimba ngenxa yokugula kakhulu. Abantwana abanamajoni omzimba athembekileyo banokuba nemingcipheko eyongezelelweyo xa benesivumelwano ne-roseola.

Isifo sesihlanu vs fever ebomvu

I-Scarlet fever, njengesifo sesihlanu, ngoyena nobangela uxhaphakileyo wolusu olubomvu ebantwaneni. Ngokungafaniyo nesifo sesihlanu, umkhuhlane obomvu ubangelwa ziintsholongwane, hayi intsholongwane.

Yibacteria efanayo ebangela umqala womqala. Phantse iipesenti ezili-10 zabantwana abane-strep throat baya kuba neempembelelo ezinzima kwiibhaktheriya kwaye bahlakulele umkhuhlane obomvu.

Iimpawu zibandakanya:

• ngequbuliso ifiva
• umqala obuhkungu
• mhlawumbi ukugabha

Ngaphakathi kosuku okanye ezimbini, kuya kuvela irhashalala elibomvu elinamaqhuma amancinci abomvu okanye amhlophe, ikakhulu ebusweni. Emva koko inokusasazeka esiqwini nasemilenzeni.

Ulwimi lwamaqunube amhlophe luqhelekile nakubantwana abanesifo esibomvu. Oku kujongeka njengengubo emhlophe eshinyeneyo enephepha elibomvu eliphakanyisiweyo, okanye amaqhuma abomvu, kumphezulu wolwimi.

Abantwana abaphakathi kweminyaka emi-5 ukuya kweli-15 kunokwenzeka ukuba babe nomkhuhlane obomvu. Nangona kunjalo, unokuhlakulela umkhuhlane obomvu nangaliphi na ixesha.

I-Scarlet fever inokunyangwa nge-antibiotics, enokuthintela iingxaki ezinzima ezifana ne-rheumatic fever.

Njengesifo sesihlanu, umkhuhlane obomvu usulelwa ngamaconsi okuphefumla. Abantwana ababonisa iimpawu zentsholongwane ebomvu kufuneka bahlale ekhaya kwaye banqande abanye abantwana kude kube bengenawo umkhuhlane kwaye bathathe i-antibiotics ubuncinane iiyure ezingama-24.

Imibuzo neempendulo

Q:

Kutshanje umntwana wam kwafunyaniswa ukuba unesifo sesihlanu. Ndifanele ndimgcine ixesha elingakanani esikolweni ukuthintela ukusasazeka kwabanye abantwana?

Isigulana esingaziwayo

A:

Ngokwabantu, abantu abane-parvovirus B19, ebangela isifo sesihlanu, bahlala befumana iimpawu phakathi kweentsuku ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-14 emva kokuvezwa. Ekuqaleni, abantwana banokuba nefiva, i-malaise, okanye iimpawu ezibandayo ngaphambi kokuba kuqhume irhashalala. Ukukhawuleza kunokuhlala kwiintsuku ezi-7 ukuya kwezi-10. Abantwana kunokwenzeka ukuba bayisasaze intsholongwane kwangoko kwesi sifo kwangaphambi kokuba irhashalala ivele. Ke, ngaphandle kokuba umntwana wakho uneengxaki zokuzikhusela komzimba, kusenokwenzeka ukuba akasosuleli kwaye angabuyela esikolweni.

UJeanne Morrison, PhD, iimpendulo zeMSNA zimele izimvo zeengcali zethu zonyango. Yonke imixholo inolwazi ngokungqongqo kwaye akufuneki ukuba ithathelwe ingqalelo njengengcebiso yezonyango.