Abantu baseMelika abondlekanga (kodwa hayi ngenxa yezizathu onokucinga ngazo)

Umxholo

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Abantu baseMelika balambile. Oku kunokuvakala kungenangqondo, kuthathelwa ingqalelo sesinye sezona zizwe zityebileyo emhlabeni, kodwa ngelixa uninzi lwethu lufumana ngaphezulu kweekhalori ezaneleyo, kwangaxeshanye sizilambisa ngokwethu, izakha mzimba ezibalulekileyo. Owona mdla uphambili kukutya kwaseNtshona: Enkosi ngobutyebi baseMelika kunye nomzi mveliso, ngoku sivelisa ukutya okunencasa ngakumbi kodwa okuncipha ngokutya, okukhokelela kwisizukulwana sabantu abangondlekanga kunye nobhubhane wezifo- hayi eMelika kuphela, amazwe amaninzi ehlabathi lokuqala, ngokophononongo olupapashwe kwi Indalo.

"Enye yeempawu ezichaza ukutya kweNtshona yanamhlanje kukutshintsha iziqhamo kunye nemifuno kunye nekhabhohayidrethi esulungekisiweyo kunye neminye iminikelo esetyenzisiweyo," utshilo uMike Fenster, MD, ugqirha wentliziyo, umpheki kunye nombhali Ukunganyaniseki kweKhalori: Kutheni uKutya kweNtshona yanamhlanje kusibulala kunye nendlela yokukumisa, owayengabandakanyekanga kufundo.

"Oku kutya kunokuba ngumlutha ngendlela engacacanga kwaye ungazi nto," uyacacisa. Okokuqala, kusihlutha isondlo, njengoko ukutya kusetyenziselwa ukususa izakhamzimba ezibaluleke kakhulu endaweni yazo kufakwe ezinye endaweni yazo. Emva koko, ukuchanabeka rhoqo kwisixa esikhulu seswekile, ityuwa, kunye namafutha koku kutya kugayiweyo kuyonakalisa imvakalelo yethu yokungcamla kwaye kutywine ukuthembela kwethu koku kutya okungekho kwendalo nokungondlekiyo, wongezelela. (Yintoni ekuloo phakheji? Funda ngezi Zizongezo zokutya eziyiMfihlakalo kunye neZithako ukusuka ku-A ukuya ku-Z.)

"Olu khetho lokutya luphazamisa ngokuthe ngqo imetabolism yethu-ngakumbi, i-gut microbiomes yethu-kwaye ivelise uluhlu olubanzi lokukhubazeka kunye nezifo," kusho uFenster. Ukuqala, olu hlobo lokutya luphazamisa ubungakanani bendalo yesodiyam-potassium emzimbeni, nto leyo ebangela isifo sentliziyo, uyachaza. Kodwa oyena nobangela wokungondleki, uFenster wongeza, kukusilela kwefayibha kukutya kwale mihla.Ayisiyo kuphela ifayibha enyibilikayo kunye engenakunyibilika esigcina ekutyeni kakhulu kodwa, okona kubaluleke nangakumbi, kukutya okutyiwa ziibhaktheriya ezilungileyo ezihlala emathunjini ethu. Kwaye, ngokogqabhuko lophando lwakutsha nje, ukuba nolungelelwaniso oluchanekileyo lwebhaktheriya yamathumbu esempilweni yakha amajoni omzimba, ikhusela ukudumba, iphucula imo, ikhusela intliziyo, kwaye ibalulekile ekugcineni ubunzima obunempilo. Ngaphandle kwefayibha eyaneleyo, ibhaktheriya elungileyo ayinakuphila.

Eyona mithombo ilungileyo yefayibha yokutya ayisiyiyo, kuvela, icutshungulwe "yimivalo yefayibha," kodwa endaweni yokutya okuninzi okusekwe kwizityalo. Oko kutya okungenamsoco kubi kwaye imifuno ilungile ayizondaba ncam, kodwa abaphandi bafumanise ukuba uninzi lwabantu aluqondi ukuba lungakanani kwaye lukhawuleza kangakanani olu tshintsho kwindlela yokutya okuchaphazela impilo yethu, enyanisweni, uphando olutsha olwenziwe nguZwelonke. I-Institutes of Health (NIH) yafumanisa ukuba i-87 pesenti yabantu baseMerika ayidli iziqhamo ezaneleyo kwaye i-91 ekhulwini yethu iyayishiya imifuno. (Zama ezi ndlela zili-16 zokutya iiVegies ezininzi.)

Kwaye ukuthembela kwethu kakhulu kukutya okucwangcisiweyo okulungiselelwe akubangeli nje iingxaki ezinkulu njengesifo seswekile kunye nesifo sentliziyo kodwa kananjalo, ngokophando, linoxanduva lwemicimbi emininzi emincinci njengokungena kwemikhuhlane, ukudinwa, iimeko zolusu kunye nesisu iingxaki-zonke izinto zexesha elidlulileyo zibonwe njengeengxaki zabantu abangenakho ukuthenga ukutya okwaneleyo.

Kwi-twist ye-rony yesayensi, ukutya kwethu ngoku kuhambelana nenkcazo edakisayo ye-S.A.D., okanye i-Standard American Diet. Kwaye ngokutsho kolu phando, ukutya kwethu okungenampilo kuya kuba yenye yezona zinto zithunyelwa kakhulu kwilizwe liphela. "Sineqela elitsha labantu abangondlekanga kuba batya ukutya okungabalungelanga, abangenasondlo," utshilo umbhali okhokelayo uDavid Tilman, Ph.D., Unjingalwazi weEcology kwiYunivesithi yaseMinnesota .

Umthombo wengxaki kukuba kulula kwaye kulula kangakanani ukutya ukutya okungenamsoco. "Ixesha elonyukayo elinyanzeliswa kunye nokwanda kwengeniso yokuzikhethela kusikhokelela ekukhetheni okufanelekileyo kunye nokuhendayo okunikezelwa kukutya kwaseNtshona," wongeze watsho uFenster.

Ngethamsanqa, ngelixa isisombululo kwi-S.A.D. ukutya akukho lula, ilula, zonke iingcali ziyavumelana. Lahla inkunkuma esele ilungisiwe ukuze ufumane ukutya okusekwe kwindalo kunye nokutya okupheleleyo. Oku kuqala ngokuthatha uxanduva lokhetho lwethu lwento esiyibeka emilonyeni yethu, utshilo uFenster. Wongeza ukuba esona sitshixo sokwaphula umlutha kukutya okucwangcisiweyo kukubuyisa incasa yethu ngokwenza ukutya okunesondlo usebenzisa izithako zalapha. Kwaye ungakhathazeki, ukwenza ukutya okusempilweni akufuneki kubize, kudle ixesha, okanye kube nzima. Ubungqina: Iiresiphi ezili-10 eziLula zinencasa kunokuThatha ukutya kunye ne-15 yokutya okukhawulezayo nokuLula kweNtombazana engaphekiyo.

"Ngoku ke ngoku kunakuqala, kufuneka sisebenzise imali kunye namazwi ethu ukukhetha ubungakanani kunobungakanani," utshilo. Ke kwixesha elizayo xa indlala ibetha, endaweni yokucinga ngento oyinqwenelayo, mhlawumbi qala ngokucinga ngeziphi izondlo ongazifumananga ngokwaneleyo namhlanje. Uyakumangaliswa yindlela onokonwaba ngayo kwaye namandla ngakumbi aya kukwenza uzive. Okungcono, ukutya ukutya okunempilo rhoqo kuya kuphelisa iminqweno yokutya, ukuqala umjikelo wemikhwa engcono kunye nempilo engcono.

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