Kutheni Ukubona Ukukhanya Kwikona Lehlo Lakho?

Umxholo

• I-anatomy yamehlo kunye nokudanyaza
• Yintoni enokubangela?
• Imiba enxulumene neliso
• Izizathu ezinxulumene neliso
• Eminye imiba yezempilo
• Ezinye izizathu ezinxulumene nempilo
• Nini ukubona ugqirha
• Kuphathwa njani ukukhanya kwiso?
• Umgca wezantsi

Ngaba ukubonile ukuqaqamba okanye imisonto yokukhanya kwiimbombo zeliso lakho kwaye wazibuza ukuba kuqhubeka ntoni? Ukukhanya kwiso lakho luhlobo lwefotopsia, okanye ukuphazamiseka kombono.

Ukukhanya kokukhanya kunokwenzeka kwelinye okanye kokubini kwamehlo akho kwaye kuneendlela ezahlukeneyo, imibala, ubude, kunye nobude. Zininzi izizathu zoku.

Masiqwalasele ngakumbi oonobangela bokukhanya kokukhanya kwiso lakho kunye nento onokuyenza ngayo.

I-anatomy yamehlo kunye nokudanyaza

Makhe siqwalasele umsebenzi we-retina kunye ne-vitreous humor ukuqonda ngcono oku kukhanya.

• Iretina sisithwathwa esincinci esincinci esibuhlungu esikrwela umva ngaphakathi ngaphakathi kwiliso lakho. Idlulisela imiqondiso yombane kwingqondo yakho nge-optic nerve. Umsebenzi we-retina kukuqhubekeka kokukhanya okugxilwe kuko okuza ngomfundi wakho kunye nokuvumela ingqondo yakho iguqule olu lwazi lube ngumfanekiso.
• I-vitreous humor yinto ecacileyo efana nejeli ethatha indawo enkulu ngasemva kweliso lakho. Ikhusela i-retina kwaye inceda iliso lakho ligcine isimo salo.

Ngelixa kukho izizathu ezininzi onokubona ukukhanya kokukhanya kwiliso lakho, uxinzelelo okanye amandla kwi-retina ngoyena nobangela. Oku kudanyaza kokukhanya kwenzeka ngasemva kweliso lakho apho i-retina ikhoyo.

Iintsinga ezincinci zidada kwi-vitreous fluid kwaye zincamathele kwi-retina. Xa ezi fayibha zitsalwa okanye zihlikihliwe, kunokubangela ukukhanya okanye iintlantsi ezikhanyayo ezivela kuxinzelelo.

Ukukhanya kokukhanya kwiliso ngokwesiqhelo akuyiyo imeko eyedwa. Endaweni yoko, bahlala beyimpawu yenye imeko.

Yintoni enokubangela?

NgokweAmerican Academy yeOphthalmology, ukubona ukukhanya kokukhanya kwikona yeliso lakho kunokubangelwa zizinto ezahlukeneyo okanye iimeko. Ezinye izizathu zinokunxulumana nempilo yamehlo akho, ngelixa ezinye zinokunxulumana nezinye iimeko zempilo.

Imiba enxulumene neliso

Iindidi ezininzi zemicimbi enxulumene neliso zinokubangela ukuba ukukhanya kukhanye kwikona yamehlo okanye kumhlaba wombono.

Izizathu ezinxulumene neliso

• Indawo yangasemva ye-vitreous. Esi sesinye sezona zinto zixhaphakileyo ezibangela ukukhanya kokukhanya kwiliso lakho. Oku kwenzeka ngokufuthi njengokuba ukhula. Ngomkhosi ongasemva we-vitreous, i-vitreous humor detach from the retina. Ukuba yenzeka ngokukhawuleza okukhulu, inokubangela ukukhanya okuncinci, kuhlala kwikona yombono wakho. Inokubangela nokudada. Le meko ayisoloko ifuna unyango.
• I-optic neuritis. I-optic neuritis yenzeka xa i-optic nerve idumba. Oku kunokubangelwa lusulelo okanye isifo esinxulumene nemithambo-luvo esifana ne-multiple sclerosis. Ukukhanya kokukhanya kunokuba luphawu lwale meko.
• I-Retinal detachment. Ukufunyanwa kwe-Retinal yimeko enokubangela ukulahleka kombono ngokungagqibelelanga okanye okupheleleyo. Xa oku kusenzeka, i-retina iyazibamba, itshintshe okanye isuke kudonga lwangasemva lweliso.
• Uxinzelelo kwi-retina. Ukuba uthambisa amehlo, ukhohlela kakhulu, okanye ubethwe entloko, unokubona ukukhanya kokukhanya ngenxa yoxinzelelo olongezelelekileyo kwi-retina.

Eminye imiba yezempilo

Ukukhanya kokukhanya kwiso lakho akunakubangelwa yimeko enxulumene neliso. Isenokuba luphawu lwempilo eyahlukileyo.

Ezinye izizathu ezinxulumene nempilo

• Ukuxhuzula emsebenzini. Olu hlobo lunqabileyo lokuthimba kwi-occipital lobe yengqondo kunokubangela ukukhanya kwamehlo. Ingaba ngumqondiso wokuthimba umsebenzi. Ngamanye amaxesha kufunyaniswe ngempazamo njenge-migraine aura. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-occipital epilepsy ifutshane (imizuzu emi-2) xa kuthelekiswa ne-migraine aura (i-15 ukuya kwi-60 imizuzu).
• Migraine. Ukuphazamiseka okubonakalayo kuqhelekile nge-migraine aura. Unokubona ukukhanya kwemigca, imigca egosogoso, iinkwenkwezi, okanye amachaphaza okukhanya emehlweni akho. Ezi mpawu zihlala ziphela kwisithuba semizuzu engama-60.
• Uhlaselo lwexeshana lweischemic (TIAs). Ngokuqhelekileyo kubizwa ngokuba yi-ministrokes, ii-TIA zenzeka xa i-clot yegazi ithintela ukuhamba kwegazi okwethutyana kwingqondo yakho. Ii-TIAs zinokubangela ukuphazamiseka okubonakalayo, kubandakanya ukukhanya kokukhanya emehlweni akho.
• Seswekile. Ukukhanya kokukhanya okanye okuthe tyaba kunokuba luphawu lwesifo seswekile.
• Amathumba. Izidumba kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zamehlo okanye zobuchopho zinokuvelisa ukukhanya xa uhambisa intloko okanye intamo.
• Ukwenzakala. Ukulimala ngokuthe ngqo kwiliso lakho kunokubangela ukuba ubone ukukhanya okanye "iinkwenkwezi" ngenxa yoxinzelelo kwi-retina.
• Amayeza. Amanye amayeza anokubangela ukukhanya kunye nokuhamba emehlweni akho. Oku kubandakanya:
  • I-bevacizumab (Avastin)
  • sildenafil (Viagra, Revatio)
  • clomiphene (Clomid)
  • idigoxin (Lanoxin)
  • I-paclitaxel (Abraxane)
  • iquetiapine (iSeroquel)
  • ikwinine
  • I-voriconazole (Vfend)

Nini ukubona ugqirha

Ukufunyanwa kwe-retinal kungxamisekileyo kwezonyango kwaye kufuna unyango kwangoko ukuthintela ukulahleka kombono. Ukuba unempawu ezilandelayo, fumana uncedo lwezonyango kwangoko:

• ukukhanya kokukhanya ngesiquphe, ngakumbi xa ujonge ecaleni
• ukulahleka kombono okanye umbono omnyama
• ukungaboni kakuhle
• isiyezi
• ezinye iingxaki ezinxulumene nombono ngesiquphe

I-TIA inokuba luphawu lwesilumkiso ngesifo. Kungenxa yoko le nto kubalulekile ukuba ungayihoyi imiqondiso. Ukuba uphawula naluphi na olu phawu lulandelayo, fumana unyango ngokukhawuleza:

• ubuthathaka okanye ukuba ndindisholo kwelinye icala lomzimba wakho
• intetho engacacanga okanye ubunzima bokuthetha okanye ukuqonda abanye
• Ukuphazamiseka okubonakalayo okanye utshintsho olubonakalayo
• isiyezi
• intloko ebuhlungu

Yenza idinga ukubona i-ophthalmologist, ugqirha wamehlo, okanye ugqirha wakho oyintloko ukuba:

• ukwanda ngokukhawuleza kokukhanya kokukhanya kwiso lakho okanye emehlweni
• qaphela ukwanda kobungakanani kunye nenani leefatati
• tshintsha ngesiquphe kumbono wakho
• ukwanda kwee-aura ezibonakalayo kunye ne-migraine

Ugqirha wakho unokumisela unobangela wokukhanya okusekwe kuhlobo, ubude, kunye nendawo yokuphazamiseka okubonakalayo.

Nawuphi na umonzakalo omkhulu kwiliso lakho nawo ufuna unyango kwangoko.

Kuphathwa njani ukukhanya kwiso?

Ukukhanya kokukhanya kwiso lakho kuqhelekile ukuba luphawu lomcimbi onxulumene namehlo akho okanye enye imeko yezempilo. Unyango luya kuxhomekeka kwisizathu esingunobangela.

Xa ubona ugqirha wakho, qiniseka ukuba uye kuwo onke amayeza owathathayo ngoku. Amanye amayeza anokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinxulumene nombono.

Ngamanye amaxesha, njengakwi-optic neuritis, ukunyanga unobangela wokudumba okanye wosulelo kunokumisa ukukhanya.

Iinyembezi kwi-retina okanye kwi-retina detachment zingafuna utyando.

Akukho lunyango lokunciphisa i-vitreous edla ngokwenzeka xa umntu ekhula.

Umgca wezantsi

Ukukhanya kokukhanya kunokubangelwa yimicimbi eyahlukeneyo. Ezinye zinokunxulumana neliso lakho kwaye ezinye zinokuba luphawu lolunye uhlobo lweemeko, ezinje nge-migraine, isifo sokuwa, isifo seswekile, okanye i-TIAs.

Ukuhlala ngaphezulu kwempilo yakho yamehlo, qiniseka ukubona ugqirha wamehlo wakho ukuze uvavanywe okungenani kanye ngonyaka. Ukuvavanywa kwamehlo rhoqo kunokunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba abone ukuba kukho naluphi na utshintsho kumbono wakho okanye kwimpilo yamehlo akho.