Yintoni i-Pros and Cons of the Flu Shot?

Umxholo

• Ngaba iyeza lokugonya likhuselekile?
• Funda nzulu
• Ngaba isitofu sokugonya somkhuhlane singandinika umkhuhlane?
• Zithini izibonelelo zokuthintela umkhuhlane?
• 1. Uthintelo lomkhuhlane
• 2. Ukuziva ungaguli kangako
• 3. Umngcipheko omncinci wokulaliswa esibhedlele okanye iingxaki kubantu abathile
• 4. Ukhuseleko ekuhlaleni
• Buphi ubungozi bokugonya umkhuhlane?
• 1. Kusafumana umkhuhlane
• 2. Ukugula kakhulu
• 3. Isifo sikaGuillain-Barré
• Inaliti ngokuchasene neyeza lokutshiza ngeempumlo
• Ngaba kufuneka ndifumane isitofu sokugonya minyaka le?
• Ngaba umkhuhlane udubuleke ngokukhuselekileyo kwiintsana?
• Ngaba umkhuhlane udubuleke ukhuselekile kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo?
• Ufanele uwufumane nini umkhuhlane?
• Yise kude

Qho ebusika, intsholongwane yomkhuhlane ibangela ubhubhane womkhuhlane kuluntu kwilizwe liphela. Lo nyaka unokuba luxanduva ikakhulu ngenxa yesibetho se-COVID-19 esenzeka ngaxeshanye.

Umkhuhlane uyosulela kakhulu. Kubangela amakhulu amawaka abantu abalaliswe esibhedlele kunye namawaka okusweleka ngonyaka.

Iyeza lokugonya lomkhuhlane liyafumaneka minyaka le ukunceda ukukhusela abantu ekuhleni nomkhuhlane. Kodwa ngaba ikhuselekile? Kwaye kubaluleke kangakanani ngoku ukuba i-COVID-19 yinto?

Funda ukuze ufunde malunga neenzuzo kunye nomngcipheko wokudubula komkhuhlane.

Ngaba iyeza lokugonya likhuselekile?

Isitofu sokugonya somkhuhlane sikhuseleke kakhulu, nangona kukho amaqela athile abantu ekungafanelekanga ukuba asifumane. Ziquka:

• abantwana abangaphantsi kweenyanga ezi-6 ubudala
• abantu abaye basabela kakubi kwi-vaccine yomkhuhlane okanye naziphi na izithako zayo
• abo baneqanda okanye i-mercury allergies
• abo bane-Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS)

Funda nzulu

• Zeziphi izithako ezikhoyo kumkhuhlane?
• Umkhuhlane weFlu: Funda iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga

Ngaba isitofu sokugonya somkhuhlane singandinika umkhuhlane?

Ukukhathazeka okuqhelekileyo kukuba isitofu sokugonya somkhuhlane sinokukunika umkhuhlane. Oku akunakwenzeka.

Isitofu sokugonya umkhuhlane senziwa ngendlela engasebenziyo yentsholongwane yomkhuhlane okanye izinto zentsholongwane ezingenakubangela usulelo. Abanye abantu bafumana iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziya kuthi zihambe ngemini okanye njalo. Oku kubandakanya:

• umkhuhlane ophantsi
• idumbile, ibomvu, indawo yethenda ejikeleze indawo yenaliti
• Ukugodola okanye intloko ebuhlungu

Zithini izibonelelo zokuthintela umkhuhlane?

1. Uthintelo lomkhuhlane

NgokwamaZiko oLawulo lweNtsholongwane kunye noThintelo (CDC), ukufumana isitofu sokugonya umkhuhlane kukuzikhusela ekugulisweni ngumkhuhlane.

2. Ukuziva ungaguli kangako

Kusenokwenzeka ukufumana umkhuhlane emva kogonyo. Ukuba uyagula ngumkhuhlane, iimpawu zakho zinokuba nzima ukuba ufumane ugonyo.

3. Umngcipheko omncinci wokulaliswa esibhedlele okanye iingxaki kubantu abathile

Ukugonywa komkhuhlane kubonisiwe kukhokelela kumngcipheko ophantsi weengxaki ezinxulumene nomkhuhlane okanye ukulaliswa esibhedlele kwamanye amaqela. Ziquka:

• mdala
• abasetyhini abakhulelweyo kunye nabo
• abantwana
• abantu abaneemeko ezingapheliyo, ezinje, isifo esinganyangekiyo semiphunga, kunye

4. Ukhuseleko ekuhlaleni

Xa uzikhusela kumkhuhlane ngokugonya, ukhusela abo bangakwaziyo ukugonyelwa ukubamba umkhuhlane. Oku kubandakanya abo bancinci kakhulu ukuba bangagonywa. Oku kubizwa ngokuba ngumhlambi okhuselayo kwaye kubaluleke kakhulu.

Buphi ubungozi bokugonya umkhuhlane?

1. Kusafumana umkhuhlane

Ngamanye amaxesha unokufumana umkhuhlane kwaye uhle nomkhuhlane. Kuthatha emva kokufumana ugonyo ukuze umzimba wakho ukhuseleke. Ngeli xesha, usenokubamba umkhuhlane.

Esinye isizathu sokuba usenokuwubamba umkhuhlane kukuba bekungekho "umdlalo wokugonya" olungileyo. Abaphandi kufuneka bathathe isigqibo sokuba zeziphi iintlobo ekufuneka zibandakanyiwe kwisitofu kwiinyanga ezininzi ngaphambi kokuba kuqalise ixesha lomkhuhlane.

Xa kungekho mdlalo ulungileyo phakathi kweentlobo ezikhethiweyo kunye neentsholongwane ezigqiba ukujikeleza ngexesha lomkhuhlane, isitofu sokugonya asisebenzi ngokufanelekileyo.

2. Ukugula kakhulu

Abanye abantu banokuphendula kakubi kumkhuhlane. Ukuba awunampendulo gwenxa kwisitofu sokugonya, iimpawu zihlala zivela kwimizuzu ukuya kwiiyure emva kokufumana isitofu sokugonya. Iimpawu zingabandakanya:

• ubunzima bokuphefumla
• ukuvutha
• ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza
• irhashalala okanye urticaria
• ukudumba ujikeleze amehlo nomlomo
• ukuziva ubuthathaka okanye unesiyezi

Ukuba ufumana ezi mpawu emva kokufumana isitofu sokugonya umkhuhlane, bona ugqirha wakho. Ukuba impendulo inzima, yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka.

3. Isifo sikaGuillain-Barré

I-Guillain-Barré syndrome yimeko enqabileyo apho amajoni akho omzimba aqala ukuhlasela imithambo-luvo yakho. Kunqabile kakhulu, kodwa ukugonywa kwintsholongwane yomkhuhlane kunokubangela imeko.

Ukuba ubusele une-Guillain-Barré syndrome, thetha nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba ugonywe.

Inaliti ngokuchasene neyeza lokutshiza ngeempumlo

Iyeza lokugonya umkhuhlane linokuhanjiswa njengelinye inaliti okanye ukutshiza ngeempumlo.

Umkhuhlane wokudubula ungaza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ezikhuselayo ngokuchasene neentlobo ezintathu okanye ezine zomkhuhlane. Nangona kungekho hlobo lomkhuhlane olucetyiswayo ngaphezu kwabanye, kuya kufuneka uthethe nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba yeyiphi eyona ilungele wena.

Isitshizi sempumlo siqulethe idosi encinci yokuphila, kodwa buthathaka uhlobo lwentsholongwane yomkhuhlane.

Isitshizi sempumlo sexesha lomkhuhlane ngo-2017 ukuya ku-2018 ngenxa yenkxalabo yamanqanaba asezantsi okusebenza. Kodwa nokuba iyacetyiswa i-2020 ukuya kwi-2021 isizini. Kungenxa yokuba ukwenziwa kwesitshizi ngoku kusebenza ngakumbi.

Ngaba kufuneka ndifumane isitofu sokugonya minyaka le?

Ugonyo lomkhuhlane luyafuneka minyaka le ngenxa yezizathu ezibini.

Eyokuqala kukuba impendulo yomzimba yokuzikhusela kumkhuhlane iyancipha ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ukufumana isitofu sokugonya minyaka le kunceda ukuba uhlale ukhuselekile.

Isizathu sesibini kukuba intsholongwane yomkhuhlane ihlala itshintsha. Oku kuthetha ukuba intsholongwane ebixhaphakile kwixesha elidlulileyo lomkhuhlane isenokungabikho kwixesha elizayo.

Isitofu sokugonya somkhuhlane sihlaziywa minyaka le ukubandakanya ukukhuselwa kwintsholongwane yomkhuhlane ekusenokwenzeka ukuba ijikeleze kwixesha elizayo lomkhuhlane. Umkhuhlane wexesha lokudubula ngowona khuselo lusebenzayo.

Ngaba umkhuhlane udubuleke ngokukhuselekileyo kwiintsana?

Kucetyiswa ukuba abantwana ngaphezulu kweenyanga ezi-6 ubudala bafumane iyeza lokugonya umkhuhlane. Abantwana abangaphantsi kweenyanga ezi-6 ubudala bancinci kakhulu ukuba bangafumana isitofu sokugonya.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zokugonya umkhuhlane kwiintsana ziyafana nezo zabantu abadala. Banokubandakanya:

• umkhuhlane ophantsi
• iintlungu zemisipha
• ukukhathazeka kwindawo yenaliti

Abanye abantwana abaphakathi kweminyaka eyi-6 kunye neminyaka esi-8 banokufuna iidosi ezimbini. Buza ugqirha womntwana wakho ukuba mangaphi amanani awadingayo umntwana wakho.

Ngaba umkhuhlane udubuleke ukhuselekile kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo?

Abafazi abakhulelweyo kufuneka bafumane iyeza lokugonya minyaka le. Utshintsho kumajoni akho omzimba ngexesha lokukhulelwa kukhokelela kumngcipheko okhulayo wokugula kakhulu okanye ukulaliswa esibhedlele ngenxa yomkhuhlane.

Bobabini kunye ne-American College of Obstetricians kunye ne-Gynecologists (ACOG) bacebisa abasetyhini abakhulelweyo ukuba bathathe umkhuhlane wexesha elithile kulo naliphi na ixesha lokukhulelwa.

Ukongeza, ukufumana isitofu sokugonya somkhuhlane kunokunceda ukukhusela umntwana wakho. Kwiinyanga emva kokuzalwa, ukuba uncancisa, ungagqitha kwiintsholongwane zomkhuhlane kusana lwakho ngobisi lwebele.

Ngelixa isitofu sokugonya somkhuhlane sinerekhodi yokhuseleko olomeleleyo kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo, uphononongo lwango-2017 luye lwaphakamisa inkxalabo malunga nokhuseleko. Abaphandi bafumene umanyano phakathi kokukhulelwa kwesisu kunye nokugonya umkhuhlane kwiintsuku ezingama-28 ezidlulileyo.

Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba olu phononongo lubandakanya kuphela inani elincinci labasetyhini. Ukongeza, umbutho wawubalulekile kuphela kubasetyhini abafumene isitofu sokugonya esine-H1N1 yobunzima kwisizini edlulileyo.

Ngelixa izifundo ezongezelelweyo kufuneka zigqitywe ukuphanda le nkxalabo, zombini kunye ne-ACOG isacebisa ngamandla ukuba bonke abasetyhini abakhulelweyo bafumane iyeza lokugonya umkhuhlane.

Ufanele uwufumane nini umkhuhlane?

Abavelisi baqala ngokuthumela isitofu sokugonya somkhuhlane ngo-Agasti. Abantu bahlala bekhuthazwa ukuba bafumane iyeza lokugonya kwakamsinya nje ukuba lifumaneke.

Nangona kunjalo, kufunyenwe ukuba ukhuseleko luqala ukuncipha ekuhambeni kwexesha emva kogonyo. Kuba uya kufuna ukukhuselwa kulo lonke ixesha lomkhuhlane, awungekhe ufune ukufumana isitofu sakho sokugonya naye kwangethuba.

Uninzi loogqirha bacebisa ukuba wonke umntu afumane isitofu sokugonya umkhuhlane ekupheleni kuka-Okthobha okanye ngaphambi kokuba intsholongwane iqale ukujikeleza kwindawo ohlala kuyo.

Ukuba awufumani ukugonywa kwakho ukuphela kuka-Okthobha, akukabi late. Ukufumana ugonyo kamva kusenokubonelela ngokhuseleko kwintsholongwane yomkhuhlane.

Yise kude

Njalo ekwindla nasebusika, izigidi zabantu zifumana umkhuhlane. Ukufumana isitofu sokugonya somkhuhlane yeyona ndlela isebenzayo yokuzikhusela wena nosapho lwakho ekuphuhliseni umkhuhlane.

Ubhubhane oqhubekayo we-COVID-19 yinto ebalulekileyo kuba umntu angayifumana kunye nolunye usulelo lokuphefumla njengomkhuhlane ngaxeshanye. Ukufumana umkhuhlane kuya kunceda ukunciphisa ubungozi kuye wonke umntu.

Zininzi izibonelelo zokuthintela ukugonya komkhuhlane, kunye nezinye iingozi ezinxulumene noko. Ukuba unemibuzo okanye unenkxalabo malunga nokugonywa komkhuhlane, qiniseka ukuba uthethe nogqirha wakho malunga nabo.