Amatyathanga okuKhanya asimahla

Umxholo

• Luyintoni uvavanyo lwasimahla lweetyathanga lokukhanya?
• Isetyenziselwa ntoni?
• Kutheni le nto ndifuna uvavanyo lwasimahla lweetyathanga?
• Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lokuvavanywa kwamatyathanga okukhanya simahla?
• Ngaba kuya kufuneka ndenze nantoni na ukulungiselela uvavanyo?
• Ngaba bukhona ubungozi kuvavanyo lwasimahla lokukhanya?
• Zithetha ntoni iziphumo?
• Ngaba ikhona enye into endifuna ukuyazi malunga novavanyo lwasimahla lokukhanya kwamakhonkco?
• Izalathiso

Luyintoni uvavanyo lwasimahla lweetyathanga lokukhanya?

Imixokelelwane yokukhanya ziiproteni ezenziwe ziiseli zeplasma, uhlobo lweseli emhlophe yegazi. Iiseli zePlasma zenza ii-immunoglobulins (izilwa-buhlungu). Ii-Immunoglobulins zinceda ukukhusela umzimba kwizifo kunye nosulelo. Ii-Immunoglobulins zenziwa xa ukukhanya kukhonkxwa ngamatyathanga anzima, olunye uhlobo lweprotheni. Xa amakhonkco amancinci edityaniswa namatyathanga anzima, ayaziwa njenge ibophelelwe amatyathanga alula.

Ngokwesiqhelo, iiseli zeplasma zenza inani elincinci lamakhonkco okukhanya angaphezulu angazibopheleli ngemixokelelwane enzima. Endaweni yoko bakhutshelwa kwigazi. La matyathanga angadityaniswanga ayaziwa njenge simahla amatyathanga alula.

Zimbini iintlobo zamakhonkco amancinci: i-lambda kunye ne-kappa yokukhanya. Ukuvavanywa kwamatyathanga okukhanya asimahla kulinganisa isixa se-lambda kunye ne-kappa yamatyathanga okukhanya asimahla egazini. Ukuba inani leetyathanga zokukhanya zasimahla liphezulu okanye liphantsi kunesiqhelo, oko kunokuthetha ukuba unesifo seeseli ze-plasma. Oku kubandakanya i-myeloma emininzi, umhlaza weeseli ze-plasma, kunye ne-amyloidosis, imeko ebangela ukwanda kweeproteni kumalungu ahlukeneyo nakwizicubu.

Amanye amagama: i-kappa yasimahla / umlinganiso we-lambda, i-kappa / i-lambda yobungakanani bokukhanya kwasimahla, i-freelite, i-kappa kunye ne-lambda yasimahla yamatyathanga okukhanya, i-immunoglobulin yasimahla

Isetyenziselwa ntoni?

Ukuvavanywa kwamatyathanga okukhanya asimahla kusetyenziselwa ukunceda ekuchongeni okanye ekubekeni esweni ukuphazamiseka kweseli yeplasma.

Kutheni le nto ndifuna uvavanyo lwasimahla lweetyathanga?

Unokulufuna olu vavanyo ukuba uneempawu zesifo seplasma. Kuxhomekeka kwisifo esichaphazeleka kwiplasma onokuthi ube naso kwaye ngawaphi amalungu achaphazelekayo, iimpawu zakho zinokubandakanya:

• Intlungu yethambo
• Ukudinwa
• Ukuba ndindisholo okanye ukubetha ezingalweni nasemilenzeni
• Ukudumba kolwimi
• Amabala amfusa eluswini

Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lokuvavanywa kwamatyathanga okukhanya simahla?

Ingcali yokhathalelo lwempilo iyakuthatha isampulu yegazi kumthambo engalweni yakho, isebenzisa inaliti encinci. Emva kokuba inaliti ifakiwe, inani elincinci legazi liya kuqokelelwa kwityhubhu yovavanyo okanye igutyana. Unokuziva uluma kancinci xa inaliti ingena okanye iphuma. Oku kuhlala kuthatha imizuzu engaphantsi kwesihlanu.

Ngaba kuya kufuneka ndenze nantoni na ukulungiselela uvavanyo?

Awudingi naluphi na ulungiselelo olukhethekileyo kuvavanyo lokukhanya lwasimahla.

Ngaba bukhona ubungozi kuvavanyo lwasimahla lokukhanya?

Mncinci kakhulu umngcipheko wokuvavanywa kwegazi. Unokuba nentlungu encinci okanye ukrakra kwindawo apho inaliti yafakwa khona, kodwa uninzi lweempawu zihamba ngokukhawuleza.

Zithetha ntoni iziphumo?

Iziphumo zakho ziya kubonisa izixa ze-lambda kunye ne-kappa yesekethe yokukhanya yasimahla. Iya kubonelela ngokuthelekisa phakathi kwezi zimbini. Ukuba iziphumo zakho bezingaqhelekanga, oko kunokuthetha ukuba une-cell cell disorder, efana nale:

• I-myeloma eninzi
• Amyloidosis
• I-MGUS (i-monoclonal gammopathy yokubaluleka okungaziwayo). Le yimeko apho unamanqanaba angaqhelekanga eproteni. Ihlala ibangela ukuba kungabikho ngxaki okanye zimpawu, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ikhula ibe yi-myeloma eninzi.
• IWaldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM), umhlaza weeseli ezimhlophe zegazi. Luhlobo lwe-non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Funda ngakumbi malunga novavanyo lwelabhoratri, uluhlu lweereferensi, kunye neziphumo zokuqonda.

Ngaba ikhona enye into endifuna ukuyazi malunga novavanyo lwasimahla lokukhanya kwamakhonkco?

Ukuvavanywa kwamakhonkco okukhanya simahla kuhlala ku-odolwa kunye nolunye uvavanyo, kubandakanya uvavanyo lwe-immunofixation test, ukunceda ukuqinisekisa okanye ukukhupha isifo.

Izalathiso

1. Umbutho waseMelika woMhlaza [kwi-Intanethi]. IAtlanta: Umbutho waseMelika woMhlaza Inc .; c2019. Uvavanyo lokufumana i-Myeloma ezininzi; [ihlaziywe ngo-2018 Feb 28; ikhankanywe ngo-2019 ngoDisemba 21]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-4]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.cancer.org/cancer/multiple-myeloma/detection-diagnosis-staging/testing.html
2. Umbutho waseMelika woMhlaza [kwi-Intanethi]. IAtlanta: Umbutho waseMelika woMhlaza Inc .; c2019. Yintoni iWaldenstrom Macroglobulinemia ?; [ihlaziywe ngo-2018 ngoJulayi 29; ikhankanywe ngo-2019 Dec 21]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-3]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.cancer.org/cancer/waldenstrom-macroglobulinemia/about/what-is-wm.html
3. Umbutho waseMelika weHematology [kwi-Intanethi]. IWashington DC: Umbutho waseMelika weHematology; c2019. IMyeloma; [icatshulwe ngo-2019 ngoDisemba 21]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-3]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.hematology.org/Patients/Cancers/Myeloma.aspx
4. Isiseko seMyeloma samanye amazwe [kwi-Intanethi]. EMantla eHollywood (CA): Isiseko seMyeloma seHlabathi; Ukuqonda iimvavanyo zeFreelite kunye neHevylite; [icatshulwe ngo-2019 ngoDisemba 21]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-3]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.myeloma.org/sites/default/files/resource/u-freelite_hevylite.pdf
5. Uvavanyo lweLebhu kwi-Intanethi [kwi-Intanethi]. IWashington DC: Umbutho waseMelika weKlinikhi yeKhemistry; c2001–2019. I-Serum Light Chains; [ihlaziywe ngo-2019 Oktobha 24; ikhankanywe ngo-2019 Dec 21]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-2]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://labtestsonline.org/tests/serum-free-light-chains
6. Ikliniki yaseMayo [kwi-Intanethi]. Isiseko seMayo seMfundo yezoNyango noPhando; c1998–2019. I-monoclonal gammopathy yokubaluleka okungagqitywanga (MGUS): Iimpawu kunye nezizathu; 2019 ngoMeyi 21; [icatshulwe ngo-2019 ngoDisemba 21]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-3]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/mgus/symptoms-causes/syc-20352362
7. Ikliniki yaseMayo: Mayo Medical Laboratories [kwi-Intanethi]. Isiseko seMayo seMfundo yezoNyango noPhando; c1995–2019. I-ID yovavanyo: I-FLCP: Imixokelelwane yokuKhanya kwaSimahla kwi-Immunoglobulin, iSerum: Iiklinikhi kunye nokutolika; [icatshulwe ngo-2019 ngoDisemba 21; [malunga nezikrini ezi-4]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.mayocliniclabs.com/test-catalog/Clinical+and+Interpretive/84190
8. IZiko leSizwe loMhlaza [kwi-Intanethi]. I-Bethesda (MD): Isebe lezeMpilo laseMelika kunye neeNkonzo zaBantu zePlasma Cell Neoplasms (kubandakanywa nonyango lweMyeloma) (PDQ®) -Patient Version; [ihlaziywe ngo-2019 ngo-Novemba 8; ikhankanywe ngo-2019 Dec 21]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-3]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.cancer.gov/types/myeloma/patient/myeloma-treatment-pdq
9. Intliziyo kaZwelonke, iMiphunga, kunye neZiko leGazi [kwi-Intanethi]. I-Bethesda (MD): Isebe lezeMpilo laseMelika kunye neeNkonzo zoLuntu; Uvavanyo lwegazi; [icatshulwe ngo-2019 ngoDisemba 21]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-3]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/blood-tests
10. IYunivesithi yaseRochester Medical Centre [i-Intanethi]. URochester (NY): KwiYunivesithi yaseRochester Medical Centre; c2019. Health Encyclopedia: Imixokelelwane yaKhanya yokuKhanya (iGazi); [icatshulwe ngo-2019 ngoDisemba 21]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-2]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=167&contentid=serum_free_light_chains

Ulwazi olukule ndawo akufuneki lusetyenziswe endaweni yonyango okanye iingcebiso. Nxibelelana nomboneleli wezempilo ukuba unemibuzo malunga nempilo yakho.