Uhlobo lwe-2 lweswekile kunye nemicimbi ye-GI: Ukuqonda ikhonkco

Umxholo

• Ushwankathelo
• Isifo se-reflux sesifo se-Gastroesophageal (GERD) / isitshisa
• Ingxaki yokuginya (iDysphagia)
• Gastroparesis
• Ukungena kwamathumbu emathunjini
• Isifo sesibindi esinamafutha
• Ipancreatitis
• Nini ukubona ugqirha
• Ukuthatha

Ushwankathelo

Uhlobo lwe-2 yeswekile sisifo seswekile ephezulu yegazi. Umzimba wakho uxhathisa ngakumbi kwimiphumo yehomoni ye-insulin, ehlala ihambisa iswekile (iswekile) egazini lakho nakwiiseli zakho.

Ukunyuka kweswekile yegazi kulimaza amalungu kunye nezicubu kuwo wonke umzimba wakho, kubandakanya nezo zikwiphepha lakho le-GI.

Ukuya kuthi ga kwiipesenti ezingama-75 zabantu abanesifo seswekile banoluhlobo oluthile lwe-GI. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya:

• isilungulela
• urhudo
• ukuqhina

Uninzi lwezi ngxaki ze-GI zibangelwa ngumonakalo wemithambo-luvo eswekile ephezulu yegazi (isifo seswekile seswekile).

Xa imithambo yonakele, i-esophagus kunye nesisu azinakongena njengoko kufanelekile ukutyhala ukutya ngephecana le-GI. Amanye amayeza anyanga isifo seswekile anokubangela imiba ye-GI.

Nazi ezinye zeengxaki ze-GI ezinxulumene nesifo seswekile kunye nendlela yokuphatha.

Isifo se-reflux sesifo se-Gastroesophageal (GERD) / isitshisa

Xa usitya, ukutya kuhamba ezantsi kwesisu sakho kwisisu sakho, apho iiasidi zikophula khona. Isixa semisipha emazantsi e-esophagus yakho igcina ii-asidi ngaphakathi esiswini sakho.

Kwisifo se-reflux sesifo se-gastroesophageal (GERD), ezi zihlunu ziba buthathaka kwaye zivumele i-asidi ukuba inyukele kwi-esophagus yakho. I-Reflux ibangela iintlungu ezivuthayo esifubeni sakho ezaziwa ngokuba sisitshisa.

Abantu abanesifo seswekile kunokwenzeka ukuba babe ne-GERD kunye nesitshisa.

Ukutyeba kakhulu sisizathu esinye se-GERD esixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abanesifo seswekile sesi-2. Esinye isizathu esinokubangelwa sisifo seswekile kwimithambo-luvo esinceda isisu sakho singenanto.

Ugqirha wakho unokuvavanya i-reflux ngoku-odola i-endoscopy. Le nkqubo ibandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwesilinganiselo esiguqukayo kunye nekhamera kwelinye icala (endoscope) ukujonga umqala kunye nesisu.

Unokufuna uvavanyo lwe-pH ukujonga amanqanaba akho e-asidi.

Ukulawula amanqanaba eswekile yegazi kunye nokuthatha amayeza afana ne-antacids okanye iproton pump inhibitors (ii-PPIs) kunokunceda ekunciphiseni i-GERD kunye neempawu zentliziyo.

Ingxaki yokuginya (iDysphagia)

I-Dysphagia ibangela ukuba ube nengxaki yokuginya kwaye uziva ngathi ukutya kunamathele emqaleni wakho. Ezinye iimpawu zalo zezi:

• ukudinwa
• umqala obuhkungu
• iintlungu zesifuba

I-Endoscopy luvavanyo olunye lwe-dysphagia.

Enye i-manometry, inkqubo apho kufakwa khona ityhubhu eguqukayo iye ezantsi emqaleni wakho kunye noxinzelelo lweemvakalelo zokulinganisa umsebenzi wemisipha yakho yokuginya.

Kwigwinya le-barium (esophagram), uginya ulwelo oluqukethe i-barium. Ulwelo olunxiba iphecana lakho le-GI kwaye lunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba abone naziphi na iingxaki ngokucacileyo kwi-X-ray.

Ii-PPIs kunye nezinye iziyobisi ezinyanga i-GERD nazo zinokunceda nge-dysphagia. Yitya ukutya okuncinci endaweni yokutya okukhulu kwaye usike ukutya kwakho kube ngamaqhekeza amancinci ukuze wenze ukugwinya kube lula.

Gastroparesis

I-Gastroparesis kuxa isisu sakho sikhupha ukutya ngokuthe chu emathunjini akho. Ukulibazisa ukukhupha isisu kukhokelela kwiimpawu ezinje:

• ukugcwala
• isicaphucaphu
• ukugabha
• ukudumba
• isisu esibuhlungu

Phantse isinye kwisithathu sabantu abanesifo seswekile sesi-2 bane-gastroparesis. Kubangelwa ukonakala kwimithambo-luvo enceda isisu sakho ukuba sityhale ukutya ukutya emathunjini akho.

Ukufumanisa ukuba unayo i-gastroparesis, ugqirha wakho unoku-odola i-endoscopy ephezulu okanye uthotho oluphezulu lwe-GI.

Ubungakanani obucekeceke obunokukhanya kunye nekhamera ekugqibeleni inika ugqirha wakho umbono ngaphakathi kwesisu, isisu, kunye nenxalenye yokuqala yamathumbu akho ukukhangela izithintelo okanye ezinye iingxaki.

I-Gastric scintigraphy inokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Emva kokuba utyile, iskena sokucinga sibonisa indlela ukutya okuhamba ngayo kwiteknoloji yakho ye-GI.

Kubalulekile ukunyanga i-gastroparesis kuba inokwenza ukuba isifo seswekile sibe nzima ukulawula.

Ugqirha wakho okanye ugqirha otya ukutya unokucebisa ukuba utye ukutya okuncinci, okunamafutha asezantsi imini yonke kwaye usele ulwelo olongezelelekileyo ukunceda isisu sakho ukuba singabinanto ngokulula.

Gwema ukutya okunamafutha aphezulu kunye nefayibha ephezulu, enokuthi icothise ukukhupha isisu.

Iziyobisi ezinje nge-metoclopramide (Reglan) kunye ne-domperidone (Motilium) inokunceda ngeempawu ze-gastroparesis. Nangona kunjalo, beza neengozi.

I-Reglan inokubangela iziphumo ezingathandekiyo ezifana ne-tardive dyskinesia, ebhekisa kwiintshukumo ezingalawulekiyo zobuso nolwimi, nangona ingaqhelekanga.

I-Motilium ineziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa, kodwa ifumaneka e-United States njengechiza lophando. I-antibiotiki erythromycin iphatha i-gastroparesis.

Ukungena kwamathumbu emathunjini

I-Enteropathy ibhekisa kuso nasiphi na isifo samathumbu. Kubonakala njengeempawu ezinje ngesifo sohudo, ukuqhina, kunye nokulawula ingxaki yokuhamba kwamathumbu (ukungabikho kwengqondo).

Zombini isifo seswekile kunye neziyobisi ezinje nge-metformin (Glucophage) ezinyangayo zinokubangela ezi mpawu.

Ugqirha wakho uya kuqala ukulawula ezinye izizathu ezinokubangela iimpawu zakho, ezifana nokusuleleka okanye isifo se-celiac. Ukuba ichiza leswekile libangela iimpawu zakho, ugqirha wakho angakutshintshela kwelinye iyeza.

Utshintsho kwindlela otya ngayo nayo inokuqinisekisa. Ukutshintshela kwisidlo esinamafutha asezantsi kunye nefayibha, kunye nokutya ukutya okuncinci, kunokunceda ngeempawu.

Amachiza okuthintela urhudo njenge-Imodium anokunceda ekunciphiseni urhudo. Ngelixa unesifo sorhudo, sela izisombululo ze-electrolyte ukunqanda ukuba ungabikho emzimbeni.

Kwakhona, laxatives inokunceda ekunyangeni ukuqhina.

Qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokwenza naluphi na utshintsho kwirejimeni yonyango lwakho.

Isifo sesibindi esinamafutha

Isifo seswekile sonyusa umngcipheko wokuba nesifo sesibindi esinamafutha.

Ngelixa ke amanqatha akhe isibindi, kwaye ayibangelwa kukusetyenziswa kotywala. Phantse iipesenti ezingama-60 zabantu abane-type 2 yeswekile banayo le meko. Ukutyeba kakhulu yinto ebeka umngcipheko kuzo zombini isifo seswekile kunye nesifo esinamafutha esibindi.

Oogqirha bayalela iimvavanyo ezinje nge-ultrasound, i-biopsy yesibindi, kunye novavanyo lwegazi ukufumanisa isifo sesibindi esinamafutha. Kuya kufuneka ukuba ube novavanyo lwegazi rhoqo ukujonga ukusebenza kwesibindi wakube ufunyanisiwe.

Isifo sesibindi esinamafutha asibangeli zimpawu, kodwa sinokunyusa umngcipheko wokuqhawuka kwesibindi (i-cirrhosis) kunye nomhlaza wesibindi. Ikwanxulumene nomngcipheko ophezulu wesifo sentliziyo.

Gcina isifo seswekile sikulawulwe kakuhle ukunceda ukuthintela ukuqhubeka komonakalo kwisibindi sakho kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wezi ngxaki.

Ipancreatitis

Ipancreas lilungu elenza i-insulin, eyihomoni enceda ukwehlisa iswekile yegazi emva kokuba utye.

I-Pancreatitis kukudumba kwepancreas. Iimpawu zayo zibandakanya:

• iintlungu esiswini esingaphezulu
• iintlungu emva kokutya
• ifiva
• isicaphucaphu
• ukugabha

Abantu abanesifo seswekile sesi-2 banokuba sengozini yokwanda kwepancreatitis xa kuthelekiswa nabantu abangenaso isifo seswekile. Ukuqaqamba kwepancreatitis kakhulu kunokubangela iingxaki ezinje:

• usulelo
• ukusilela kwezintso
• iingxaki zokuphefumla

Uvavanyo olusetyenziselwa ukufumanisa i-pancreatitis lubandakanya:

• iimvavanyo zegazi
• Ultrasound
• IMRI
• Ukuskena i-CT

Unyango lubandakanya ukuzila ukutya kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ukunika ipancreas ixesha lokuphola. Kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele ukuze ufumane unyango.

Nini ukubona ugqirha

Jonga ugqirha ukuba uneempawu ze-GI ezikhathazayo, ezinje:

• urhudo
• ukuqhina
• imvakalelo yokuhlutha kwakamsinya emva kokuba utyile
• isisu esibuhlungu
• unengxaki yokuginya, okanye uziva ngathi kukho iqhuma emqaleni wakho
• unengxaki yokulawula ukuhamba kwamathumbu
• isilungulela
• ukuhla ukusinda

Ukuthatha

Imiba ye-GI ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abanesifo seswekile sesi-2 kunaleyo ingenasifo.

Iimpawu ezinjenge-acid reflux, urhudo, kunye nokuqhinwa kunokuchaphazela kakubi ubomi bakho, ngakumbi ukuba ziyaqhubeka ixesha elide.

Ukunceda ukuthintela imiba ye-GI kunye nezinye iingxaki, landela isicwangciso sonyango seswekile esichazwe ngugqirha wakho. Ulawulo lweswekile yegazi elungileyo luyakukunceda uphephe ezi mpawu.

Ukuba amayeza akho eswekile abangela iimpawu zakho, musa ukuyeka ukuzithatha ngokwakho. Yiya kugqirha wakho ngengcebiso ngokutshintshela kunyango olutsha.

Kwakhona, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokwenza isicwangciso sokutya esifanelekileyo kwiimfuno zakho zokutya okanye ukufumana ukuhanjiswa kwisondlo.