Glucagonoma

Umxholo

• Ziintoni Iimpawu zeGlucagonoma?
• Ziziphi izizathu zeGlucagonoma?
• I-Glucagonoma ichongwa njani?
• Loluphi unyango olufumanekayo kwiGlucagonoma?
• Ziziphi iingxaki zeGlucagonoma?
• Yintoni Endinokuyilindela Kwixesha Elide?

Yintoni iGlucagonoma?

I-Glucagonoma yithumba elinqabileyo elibandakanya i-pancreas. IGlucagon yincindi yedlala eveliswa yipancreas esebenza nge-insulin ukulawula ubungakanani beswekile egazini lakho. Iiseli zesisu seGlucagonoma zivelisa izixa ezikhulu zeglucagon, kwaye la manqanaba aphezulu enza iimpawu ezibi kakhulu, ezibuhlungu nezisongela ubomi. Malunga neepesenti ezi-5 ukuya kwezili-10 zamathumba e-neuroendocrine akhula kwi-pancreas zi-glucagonomas.

Ziintoni Iimpawu zeGlucagonoma?

Ukuba unethumba elivelisa inani elikhulu le-glucagon, iya kuchaphazela uninzi lwempilo yakho. Iglucagon ilinganisa iziphumo ze-insulin ngokulawula isixa seswekile egazini lakho. Ukuba une-glucagon eninzi, iiseli zakho azigcini iswekile kwaye endaweni yoko iswekile ihlala egazini lakho.

I-Glucagonoma ikhokelela kwisifo seswekile kunye nezinye iimpawu ezibuhlungu nezinobungozi, kubandakanya:

• iswekile ephezulu yegazi
• ukoma kakhulu kunye nendlala ngenxa yeswekile ephezulu yegazi
• ukuvuka rhoqo ebusuku ukuya kuchama
• urhudo
• irhashalala, okanye dermatitis, ebusweni, esiswini, ezinqeni, nasezinyaweni zihlala zikrwada okanye zigcwele ubofu
• ukunciphisa umzimba ngempazamo
• amahlwili egazi emilenzeni, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-vein thrombosis enzulu

Ziziphi izizathu zeGlucagonoma?

Akukho zizathu zichaziweyo ngqo zeglucagonoma. Ukuba unembali yosapho yesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-endocrine neoplasia yohlobo 1 (MEN1) usengozini enkulu yokuphuhlisa i-glucagonoma. Nangona kunjalo, abo bengenazo ezinye izinto ezinobungozi banokuphuhlisa ezi tumors.

I-Glucagonomas inomdlavuza, okanye imbi, malunga nexesha. I-glucagonomas enobungozi isasazeka kwezinye izicubu, zihlala zibindi, kwaye ziqala ukuphazamisa ukusebenza kwamanye amalungu.

I-Glucagonoma ichongwa njani?

Kunokuba nzima ukufumanisa i-glucagonoma. Rhoqo, iimpawu zibonakala zibangelwa yenye imeko, kwaye isenokuba yiminyaka ngaphambi kokuba kufunyaniswe isifo.

Ukuxilongwa kuqala kwenziwa ngeemvavanyo ezininzi zegazi. Amanqanaba aphezulu e-glucagon luphawu lwale meko. Ezinye iimpawu zibandakanya iswekile ephezulu yegazi, amanqanaba aphezulu e-chromogranin A, eyiprotein efumaneka rhoqo kwizicubu ze-carcinoid, kunye ne-anemia, imeko apho unenqanaba eliphantsi leeseli ezibomvu zegazi.

Ugqirha wakho uya kulandela ezi mvavanyo nge-CT scan yesisu ukukhangela ubukho bamathumba.

Isibini kwisithathu sayo yonke i-glucagonomas ayilunganga. Ezi tumors zinokusasazeka emzimbeni kwaye zihlasele amanye amalungu. Izidumba zihlala zikhulu kwaye zinokuba ziisentimitha ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-6 ububanzi xa zifunyenwe. Lo mhlaza kaninzi awufumaneki de ube unwenwele esibindini.

Loluphi unyango olufumanekayo kwiGlucagonoma?

Ukunyanga i-glucagonoma kubandakanya ukususa iiseli zethumba kunye nokunyanga iziphumo zokugqitha kweglucagon emzimbeni wakho.

Kungcono ukuqala unyango ngokuzinzisa iziphumo ze-glucagon engaphezulu. Oku kuhlala kubandakanya ukuthatha iyeza le-somatostatin analog, elinje ngenaliti ye-octreotide (iSandostatin). I-Octreotide inceda ekuchaseni ifuthe le-glucagon kulusu lwakho kunye nokuphucula irhashalala.

Ukuba ulahlekelwe sisisindo esikhulu, unokufuna i-IV ukukunceda ukubuyisela ubunzima bomzimba wakho. Iswekile yegazi ephezulu inokunyangwa nge-insulin kunye nokujonga esweni amanqanaba eglucose.

Unokunikwa iyeza le-anticoagulant, okanye igazi elincinci. Oku kuthintela ukwenziwa kwamahlwili egazi kwimilenze yakho, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-vein thrombosis. Kubantu abasemngciphekweni we-vein thrombosis, icebo lokucoca ulwelo linokubekwa kwenye yeemithambo zakho ezinkulu, i-vena cava engaphantsi, ukuthintela amahlwili ekufikeleleni kwimiphunga yakho.

Nje ukuba uphile ngokwaneleyo, ithumba liya kuthi lisuswe ngotyando. Olu hlobo lwethumba alufane luphendule kakuhle kwi-chemotherapy. Utyando luphumelela kakhulu ukuba ithumba libanjiwe ngelixa livalelwe kwi-pancreas.

Utyando lokuphononongwa kwesisu lunokwenziwa nokuba yi-laparoscopically, ngokusika okuncinci ukuvumela iikhamera, izibane kunye nezixhobo, okanye ngokwenza ukubonwa okuvulekileyo okukhulu.

Uninzi lweglucagonomas lwenzeka kwicala lasekhohlo okanye umsila wepancreas. Ukususwa kweli candelo kubizwa ngokuba yi-distal pancreatectomy. Kwabanye abantu, udakada nalo luyasuswa. Xa izihlunu zethumba zivavanywa phantsi kwemicroscope, kunzima ukuchaza ukuba ngumhlaza na. Ukuba unomhlaza, ugqirha wakho wotyando uya kususa ithumba kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukusithintela ukuba singasasazeki ngakumbi. Oku kunokubandakanya inwebu yepancreas, iindawo ezikwindawo ezikwinkovu, nkqu nenxalenye yesibindi.

Ziziphi iingxaki zeGlucagonoma?

Ukugqitha kweglucagon kukhokelela kwisifo seswekile. Iswekile ephezulu yegazi inokubangela:

• umonakalo wemithambo-luvo
• ubumfama
• iingxaki zemetabolic
• ukulimala kwengqondo

I-vein thrombosis enzulu inokubangela ukuba amahlwili egazi ahambe aye emiphungeni, kwaye inokubangela nokufa.

Ukuba ithumba ingena esibindini, inokubangela ukusilela kwesibindi.

Yintoni Endinokuyilindela Kwixesha Elide?

Ngokwesiqhelo, ngexesha kufunyaniswa i-glucagonoma, umhlaza sele usasazekile kwamanye amalungu, njengesibindi. Ngokubanzi, utyando alusebenzi kuba kunzima ukulubona kwangoko.

Nje ukuba kususwe ithumba, ifuthe le-glucagon egqithisileyo liyehla ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba ithumba lilinganiselwe kwi-pancreas kuphela, izinga lokusinda leminyaka emihlanu, lithetha ukuba iipesenti ezingama-55 zabantu baphila iminyaka emihlanu emva kotyando.Kukho izinga lokusinda leminyaka emihlanu ukuba amathumba akakwazi ukususwa ngotyando.