Umkhuhlane wehagu: yintoni, iimpawu, ukuhambisa kunye nokunyanga

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Ngaba kwenzeka njani ukuhambisa
• Unyango lwenziwa njani

I-Swine flu, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-H1N1 flu, sisifo sokuphefumla esibangelwa yintsholongwane i-Influenza A eyathi yaqala ukubonwa ezihagwini, nangona kunjalo kufunyenwe ubukho bohlobo lwabantu. Le ntsholongwane inokusasazeka ngokulula ngamathontsi amathe nangokuphefumla okuxhonyiweyo emoyeni emva kokuba umntu osulelekileyo ethimla okanye ekhohlela.

Iimpawu zomkhuhlane wehagu zihlala zivela kwiintsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-5 emva kokudibana nentsholongwane kwaye ziyafana nomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo, umkhuhlane, isifo esiqhelekileyo kunye nentloko. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, usulelo lunokubangela iingxaki ezinzulu, ezinje ngokuphefumla nzima, kufuna ukulaliswa esibhedlele.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Iimpawu zomkhuhlane wehagu zihlala zivela kwiintsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-5 emva kokudibana nentsholongwane, kunye nophuhliso lweempawu kunye neempawu ezinje:

• Ifiva;
• Ukudinwa;
• Ubuhlungu bomzimba;
• Intloko ebuhlungu;
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya;
• Ukukhohlela okungapheliyo;
• Ukuphefumla okufutshane;
• Isicaphucaphu nokugabha;
• Umqala obuhkungu;
• Urhudo.

Ngamanye amaxesha, umntu usenokuphinda aphuhlise iingxaki zokuphefumla phakathi kweentsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuqala kweempawu, ezinokubangela ukusilela ekuphefumlweni. Kule meko, kunokuba yimfuneko ukuphefumla ngoncedo lwezixhobo, ukongeza kumngcipheko owandayo wosulelo lwesibini lwebhakteria, ngomngcipheko omkhulu we-sepsis, onokuthi ubeke ubomi bomntu emngciphekweni.

Ngaba kwenzeka njani ukuhambisa

Ukudluliselwa komkhuhlane weehagu kwenzeka ngamathontsi amathe nangokuphefumla okuxhonyiweyo emoyeni xa umntu osulelekileyo ekhohlela, ethimla okanye ethetha. Ukongeza, le ntsholongwane iyakwazi ukuhlala ngaphezulu komhlaba ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezisi-8 kwaye, ke, kusenokwenzeka ukuba esi sifo siyasasazwa ngokudibana nomhlaba ongcolileyo.

Umkhuhlane weehagu ungasasazwa ngokudibana ngqo neehagu ezosulelekileyo, kodwa ke ukosuleleka akwenzeki xa kutyiwa inyama kwezi hagu, kuba intsholongwane ayisebenzi kwaye iyapheliswa xa ifunyenwe kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Ukuba kukho iimpawu neempawu ezikrokrisayo ze-swine flu, kubalulekile ukuba uye esibhedlele ukuze kwenziwe uvavanyo ukuze kufunyaniswe isifo, kuze ke emva koko kuqale olona nyango lufanelekileyo. Unyango luhlala lusenziwa nomntu yedwa, ukunqanda ukudluliselwa kwentsholongwane komnye umntu, kwaye kubandakanya ukuphumla, ukutya okune-fluid kunye nokusetyenziswa kweyeza ezithile.

Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, umoya ongenisa umoya unokuba yimfuneko ukunqanda ukusilela kokuphefumla kwaye, kwezi meko, ukusetyenziswa kwezibulala-ntsholongwane ukuthintela usulelo lwebhakteria lwesibini kungabonakaliswa, okunokuthi kuqhubeke kube nzima imeko yezempilo yomntu.

Kubalulekile ukuba kwamkelwe amanyathelo okunceda ukuthintela usulelo kunye nokusasazeka kwezifo, kwaye kuyacetyiswa ukunqanda ukwabelana ngezinto ezizezakho, kuthintele ukuhlala ixesha elide kwindawo evaliweyo okanye ekujikelezeni komoya kancinane apho kukho abantu abaninzi, thintela ukunxibelelana abantu abarhanelwa ngumkhuhlane wehagu, bagqume impumlo nomlomo xa bekhohlela okanye bathimla kwaye benza ucoceko lwezandla rhoqo.

Jonga kule vidiyo ilandelayo indlela yokuhlamba izandla ngokufanelekileyo ukunqanda ukugula: