I-postural (orthostatic) hypotension: yintoni, izizathu kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Yintoni enokubangela ukuba i-hypotension yasemva kwasemva
• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Unyango lwenziwa njani

I-postural hypotension, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-orthostatic hypotension, yimeko ebonakaliswa kukuhla okukhawulezileyo koxinzelelo lwegazi, olukhokelela ekubonakaleni kweempawu ezithile, ezinje ngesiyezi, ukuphelelwa ngamandla kunye nokuba buthathaka.

Le meko yenzeka ikakhulu xa umntu eshiya ubuxoki okanye ukuhlala kwindawo yokuma ngokukhawuleza, kodwa inokuba sisiphumo sokusebenzisa amayeza athile, ukuphumla ebhedini ixesha elide okanye ukomisa, kubalulekile ukuphanda unobangela kwaye uqale unyango olufanelekileyo.

Yintoni enokubangela ukuba i-hypotension yasemva kwasemva

I-postural hypotension yenzeka ikakhulu xa umntu ephakama ngokukhawuleza, engenalo ixesha elaneleyo lokuba igazi lijikeleze ngokufanelekileyo, liqokelelene kwimithambo yemilenze nesifuba, okukhokelela kwiimpawu. Ezinye izizathu ze-orthostatic hypotension zezi:

• Ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza athile;
• Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, apho kuncipha umthamo wegazi;
• Ukuxoka okanye ukuhlala ixesha elide;
• Utshintsho koxinzelelo ngenxa yobudala;
• Emva kokuzilolonga kakhulu;
• Isifo seswekile esingalawulekiyo;
• Isifo sikaParkinson.

Kukwakho ne-hypotension yasemva kwepropathi, exhaphake kakhulu kubantu abadala kwaye ibonakaliswa kukuhla ngesiquphe nangokukhawuleza koxinzelelo lwegazi kwiiyure ezimbalwa emva kwesidlo, esinokuthi sibonakalise umngcipheko womntu, kuba sonyusa umngcipheko wokuwa, intliziyo Ukungaphumeleli kunye ne-postprandial stroke.

I-postural hypotension ibonwa ngokuhla koxinzelelo, ukuze uxinzelelo lwe-systolic lube ngaphantsi kwe-20 mmHg kunye noxinzelelo lwe-diastolic ngaphantsi kwe-10 mmHg. Ke, kubukho beempawu kunye neempawu ezibonisa ukwehla koxinzelelo, kubalulekile ukuba uye kugqirha wezentliziyo okanye ugqirha jikelele ukuze enze isifo.

Ukuchongwa kolu hlobo lwe-hypotension kwenziwa ngokujonga uxinzelelo lwegazi kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, ukuze ugqirha avavanye umahluko kuxinzelelo lwegazi. Ukongeza, ugqirha uvavanya iimpawu kunye neempawu eziboniswe ngumntu, kunye nembali. Olunye uvavanyo lunokucetyiswa, njenge-electrocardiogram (ECG), iswekile kunye nedosi ye-electrolyte, enje ngecalcium, potassium kunye nemagniziyam, umzekelo, nangona kunjalo iziphumo zolu vavanyo zingangqinelani ne-postural hypotension.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Iimpawu eziphambili kunye neempawu ezinxulumene ne-orthostatic hypotension kukuphelelwa ngamandla, umbono omnyama, isiyezi, ukubetha, ukudideka kwengqondo, ukuphulukana nebhalansi, ukungcangcazela, intloko kunye nokuwa, kwaye kubalulekile ukudibana nogqirha kwimeko yokuba i-hypotension ixhaphake.

Ukuvela kwe-postension hypotension kuyanda kunye nobudala, ukuhlala rhoqo kubantu abadala, kwaye iimpawu zinokubonakala kwimizuzwana okanye kwimizuzu emva kokuba umntu evukile, umzekelo.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lusekwa ngugqirha ngokwesizathu se-orthostatic hypotension, ukuze kucetyiswa ukuba kutshintshwe idosi yonyango oluthile olusebenzayo, kwandise ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kunye nokuziqhelanisa nokuzivocavoca okuqhelekileyo nokukhanya. Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukulala ixesha elide, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uhlale okanye uvuke rhoqo.

Ngamanye amaxesha ugqirha unokucebisa ngokusetyenziswa kwezinye iziyobisi ezikhuthaza ukugcinwa kwesodium kunye nophawu lweempawu, ezinje ngeFludrocortisone, umzekelo, okanye iziyobisi ezingezizo ezokulwa nokudumba (i-NSAIDs) ezikhuthaza nokuphuculwa kwe-postural hypotension.