Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukufumana iMammogram kwaye ufumane iZiphumo?

Umxholo

• Uvavanyo ngokuchasene ne-mammograms yokuqonda isifo
• Uvavanyo lwe-mammogram
• Uxilongo mammogram
• Ithatha ixesha elingakanani i-mammogram?
• Yintoni onokuyilindela ngexesha le-mammogram
• Kwenzeka ntoni nge-mammogram?
• Nguwuphi umahluko phakathi kwe-mammogram ye-2-D kunye ne-3-D?
• Kuya kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukufumana iziphumo?
• Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba iziphumo zibonisa ukungaqheleki?
• Umgca wezantsi

I-mammogram ngumfanekiso we-X-ray webele lakho osetyenziselwa ukufumanisa umhlaza. Kuvavanyo olubalulekileyo kuba iyakwazi ukubona umhlaza webele kumanqanaba ayo okuqala ngaphambi kokuba ube nayo nayiphi na imiqondiso, efana neqhuma lebele. Oku kubalulekile kuba umhlaza wamabele wangaphambili ubhaqiwe, kokukhona uyanyangeka.

Ngokwe-American Cancer Society, abasetyhini abanomngcipheko ophakathi womhlaza wamabele kufuneka baqale ukufumana iimammograms zonyaka kubudala beminyaka engama-45.

Kwiminyaka engama-55 ubudala, kuyacetyiswa ukuba bonke abantu basetyhini babe nemammogram yonke eminye iminyaka. Kodwa, ukuba ukhetha, unokukhetha ukuba ne-mammogram minyaka le.

Funda ukuze ufunde ngakumbi malunga neendidi zemammograms, ithatha ixesha elingakanani i-mammogram, kunye nokuba ulindele ntoni ngexesha lenkqubo nasemva koko.

Uvavanyo ngokuchasene ne-mammograms yokuqonda isifo

Zimbini iintlobo zeemammograms. Makhe sihlolisise nganye nganye.

Uvavanyo lwe-mammogram

Uvavanyo lwe-mammogram lwenziwa xa ungenangxaki okanye inkxalabo malunga namabele akho. Luhlobo lwe-mammogram olwenziwe ngexesha lokuvavanywa kwakho konyaka okanye kabini. Iyakwazi ukubona ubukho bomhlaza webele xa kungekho miqondiso okanye iimpawu.

Olu luhlobo lwe-mammogram echazwe ngakumbi kweli nqaku.

Uxilongo mammogram

Uxilongo lwe-mammogram lujonga indawo ethile ebeleni lakho. Yenziwe ngezizathu ezininzi:

• ukuvavanya indawo ebeleni lakho eneqhuma okanye ezinye iimpawu ezinokubonisa umhlaza
• ukuphinda uvavanye indawo ekrokrisayo ebonwe kwinkqubo yovavanyo
• ukuphinda uvavanye indawo ethe yanyangelwa umhlaza
• xa into efana nokufakwa kwamabele ifihla imifanekiso kuhlolo lokuhlola umzimba rhoqo

Ithatha ixesha elingakanani i-mammogram?

Ukusuka ekutshekisheni ukushiya indawo, yonke inkqubo yokufumana i-mammogram ithatha malunga nemizuzu engama-30.

Ixesha lingahluka ngezizathu ezininzi, kubandakanya:

• ixesha elingakanani ukwigumbi lokulinda
• kukuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuzalisa iphepha lemibuzo laphambi koviwo
• kukuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukukhulula ngaphambi kwenkqubo kwaye unxibe kwakhona emva koko
• ixesha elithathwayo ligcisa ukubeka amabele akho ngokuchanekileyo
• ukuba umfanekiso kufuneka uphinde uthathwe kuba awubandakanyi lonke ibele okanye umfanekiso wawungacacanga ngokwaneleyo

I-mammogram ngokwayo ihlala ithatha kuphela malunga nemizuzu eli-10.

Ngenxa yokuba izicubu zakho zebele kufuneka zinyanzelwe ukufumana umfanekiso olungileyo, onokubangela ukungonwabi okuthile, unokufuna ukuqaphela ixesha lenyanga ocwangcise ngayo i-mammogram.

Amabele akho ahlala ethenda ngexesha kunye nangaphambi kwexesha lakho. Ke, unokufuna ukucwangcisa i-mammogram yakho kwiiveki ezi-2 ngaphambi okanye kwiveki e-1 emva kokuba sexesheni.

Yintoni onokuyilindela ngexesha le-mammogram

Emva kokungena kwiziko lokucinga, unokuhlala kwigumbi lokulinda de ubizelwe i-mammogram yakho. Unokucelwa ukuba ugcwalise iphepha lemibuzo ngelixa ulindile.

Emva koko, igcisa liya kukubizela kwigumbi elinomatshini we-mammogram. Ukuba awukazalisi iphepha lemibuzo, ingcali iya kukucela ukuba wenze njalo. Le fomu inemibuzo malunga:

• imbali yakho yonyango
• amayeza owasebenzisayo
• nayiphi na inkxalabo okanye iingxaki ngamabele akho
• Imbali yobuqu okanye yosapho yomhlaza wamabele okanye we-ovari

Ingcali iya kuqinisekisa ukuba awukhulelwe.

Uya kucelwa ukuba ukhulule ukusuka esinqeni emva kokuba uchwepheshe eshiye igumbi. Uya kwambatha ingubo yomqhaphu. Ukuvulwa kufuneka kube ngaphambili.

Kuya kufuneka ukuba ususe izacholo zomqala kunye nobunye ubucwebe. I-deodorant kunye ne-talcum powder ingaphazamisa imifanekiso, ngoko uya kucelwa ukuba usule ezi zinto xa unxibe nayiphi na.

Kwenzeka ntoni nge-mammogram?

1. Nje ukuba use gown, uya kucelwa ukuba ume ecaleni komatshini we-mammogram. Uya kuthi emva koko ususe ingalo enye kwigawuni.
2. Ingcali iya kubeka isifuba sakho kwipleyiti ethe tyaba ize ithobe enye ipleyiti ukuze icinezele kwaye isasaze izicubu zakho zebele. Oku kunokuba kungathandeki, kodwa kuya kuhlala kuphela imizuzwana embalwa.
3. Xa isifuba sakho sibekwe phakathi kwamacwecwe, uya kucelwa ukuba ubambe umphefumlo wakho. Ngelixa ubambe umphefumlo wakho, ingcali iya kuthatha ngokukhawuleza iX-reyi. Isitya siza kuphakamisa isifuba sakho.
4. Itekhnoloji iya kukubeka kwakhona ukuze umfanekiso wesibini webele ufumaneke kwi-engile eyahlukileyo. Olu luhlu luphindaphindiwe kwelinye ibele.

Ingcali iya kuphuma kwigumbi lokujonga i-X-ray. Ukuba umfanekiso awubonisi ngokwaneleyo isifuba sonke, kuya kufuneka siphindwe. Xa yonke imifanekiso yamkelekile, unganxiba kwaye ushiye iziko.

Nguwuphi umahluko phakathi kwe-mammogram ye-2-D kunye ne-3-D?

Imveli mamacala amabini (2-D) mammogram ivelisa imifanekiso emibini yebele ngalinye. Omnye umfanekiso uvela ecaleni omnye uvela phezulu.

Ukuba izicubu zakho zebele azisasazekanga ngokupheleleyo okanye zixinaniswe ngokwaneleyo, zinokugqagqana. Umfanekiso wezicubu ezigqagqeneyo unokuba nzima kwi-radiologist ukuvavanya, ukwenza ukuba kube lula ukuphoswa kukungaqheleki. Ingxaki efanayo inokwenzeka ukuba izicubu zakho zebele zixinene.

I-3-D-dimensional (3-D) mammogram (tomosynthesis) ithatha imifanekiso emininzi yesifuba ngasinye, yenza umfanekiso we-3-D. I-radiologist inokukroba kwimifanekiso, eyenza kubelula ukubona ukungaqheleki nokuba izicubu zamabele zixinene.

Imifanekiso emininzi isusa ingxaki yokugqabhuka kwezicubu kodwa yonyuse ixesha elithathwayo ukwenza i-mammogram.

Uphononongo lwamva nje lucebise ukuba ii-mammograms ze-3-D zingcono kunee-2-D mammograms kubafazi abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu. Ii-mammograms ezi-3-D zifumene iindawo ezimbalwa ezazifana nomhlaza kodwa ziqhelekile kunee-2-D mammograms.

Ii-mammograms ezi-3-D zinokufumana ezinye i-cancer ngakumbi kune-2-D mammograms.

Nangona iAmerican Society of Breast Surgeons ikhetha ii-mammograms ezi-3-D kubo bonke abantu basetyhini abangaphezu kwama-40, ii-mammograms ezi-2-D zisasetyenziswa rhoqo kuba iinkampani ezininzi zeinshurensi zingagubungeli iindleko ezongezelelekileyo ze-3-D.

Kuya kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukufumana iziphumo?

Phantse zonke ii-mammograms zenziwa ngokwamanani, ke imifanekiso igcinwa ngombane endaweni yefilimu.Oku kuthetha ukuba imifanekiso ingabonwa yi-radiologist kwikhompyuter njengoko ithathwa.

Nangona kunjalo, kuhlala kuthatha usuku okanye iintsuku ezimbini ukuba ugqirha weradiyo akhangele kwimifanekiso emva koko emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa ukuyalelwa ukuba uchwethezwe ngugqirha. Oku kuthetha ukuba ugqirha wakho wokhathalelo oyintloko uhlala eneziphumo emva kweentsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-4 emva kovavanyo lwakho.

Uninzi loogqirha okanye ababoneleli ngezempilo baya kunxibelelana nawe ngoko nangoko ukuba kufunyenwe okungaqhelekanga ukuze ukwazi ukucwangcisa i-mammogram yovavanyo okanye olunye uvavanyo ukuluvavanya.

Xa i-mammogram yakho iqhelekile, ugqirha wakho unokuqhagamshelana nawe kwangoko. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ugqirha wakho uza kukuthumela iziphumo, oko kuthetha ukuba kungathatha iintsuku ezimbalwa ukufumana iziphumo.

Lilonke, kuya kufuneka ube neziphumo zakho kwiveki okanye ezimbini zokuba nemammogram, kodwa oku kungahluka.

Ukuthetha nogqirha wakho okanye umboneleli wezempilo uza kukunika olona luvo lokuba ungalindela njani iziphumo zakho kwaye nini.

Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba iziphumo zibonisa ukungaqheleki?

Kubalulekile ukuba ukhumbule ukuba i-mammogram engaqhelekanga ayithethi ukuba unomhlaza. Ngokwe-American Cancer Society, bambalwa kwabasetyhini kwabali-10 abanesifo esingaqhelekanga somhlaza onomhlaza.

Okwangoku, i-mammogram engaqhelekanga kufuneka iphandwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba ayingomhlaza.

Ukuba okungaqhelekanga kubonwa kwi-mammogram yakho, uya kucelwa ukuba ubuyele kuvavanyo olongezelelweyo. Oku kwenziwa rhoqo ngokukhawuleza ukuze unyango luqale kwangoko xa kufuneka njalo.

Ukulandelwa kuya kubandakanya ukubonwa kwemammogram yokuthabatha imifanekiso eneenkcukacha zommandla ongaqhelekanga. Olunye uvavanyo lunokubandakanya:

• ukuvavanya indawo engaqhelekanga ene-ultrasound
• Ukuphinda ujonge indawo engaqhelekanga kunye nokuskena kwe-MRI kuba i-X-ray ibingagqibelelanga okanye ukucinga ngakumbi kuyafuneka
• ukususa ngokukhawuleza iqhekeza elincinci ukujonga phantsi kwe-microscope (i-biopsy yokuhlinzwa)
• ukususa isiqwenga seethambo ngenaliti ukuvavanya phantsi kwemicroscope (core-needle biopsy)

Umgca wezantsi

Uvavanyo lwe-mammogram lubalulekile kuvavanyo lomhlaza webele. Sisifundo esilula sokucinga esidla ngokuthatha malunga nemizuzu engama-30. Ngokwesiqhelo uneziphumo kwiveki okanye ezimbini.

Amaxesha amaninzi, ukungaqheleki okubonwa kwi-mammogram ayisiwo umhlaza. Xa umhlaza ufunyanwa nge-mammogram, uhlala usekwangoko kakhulu, xa unyangeka kakhulu.