Ufanele ufumane nini iFlu Shot kwaye kufuneka ihlale ixesha elingakanani?

Umxholo

• Isebenza njani iyeza lokugonya umkhuhlane
• Xa isitofu sokugonya somkhuhlane siqala ukusebenza
• Uhlala ixesha elingakanani umkhuhlane
• Ufumana nini umkhuhlane
• Zide kangakanani iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga
• Izinto zomkhuhlane zisebenza ngempumelelo
• Ngubani omele afumane umkhuhlane? Ngubani ongafanelekanga?
• Yise kude

Umkhuhlane (umkhuhlane) sisifo sokuphefumla esihlasela izigidi zabantu nyaka ngamnye. Njengoko sisiya kwixesha lomkhuhlane e-United States ngexesha lobhubhane we-COVID-19, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba ungalindela ntoni kwaye ungawuthintela njani.

Unyaka nonyaka, izitofu zokugonya zomkhuhlane ziyaphuhliswa ukukhusela ngokuchasene neentsholongwane ezijikeleza kakhulu. Ukufumana iyeza lokuthintela umkhuhlane ngamaxesha athile yeyona ndlela ingcono yokuzikhusela ekugulisweni ngumkhuhlane.

Kodwa isebenza njani isitofu sokugonya? Ithatha ixesha elingakanani, kwaye leliphi elona xesha lilungileyo lokuyifumana? Nantsi into ekufuneka uyazi.

Isebenza njani iyeza lokugonya umkhuhlane

Ukuphuhliswa kokugonya komkhuhlane wamaxesha onyaka okunene kuqala iinyanga ezininzi ngaphambi kwexesha lomkhuhlane. Iintsholongwane ezisetyenzisiweyo kwisitofu sokugonya zisekwe kuphando olunzulu kunye nokujonga apho iintlobo ziya kuba zixhaphakileyo ngexesha lonyaka elizayo.

Amayeza okugonya omkhuhlane exesha elithile akhusela kwiintlobo ezimbini zeentsholongwane zomkhuhlane: umkhuhlane A kunye nomkhuhlane B. Zisenokuba zilingana okanye zine-quadrivalent.

Isitofu sokugonya esikhuselayo sikhusela iintsholongwane ezintathu zomkhuhlane: umkhuhlane ezimbini A iintsholongwane kunye nentsholongwane B yomkhuhlane.

Isitofu sokugonya esine-quadrivalent sikhusela kwezi ntsholongwane zintathu zinye njengokugonya okuthathayo, kodwa ikwabandakanya intsholongwane B eyongezelelweyo yomkhuhlane.

Xa isitofu sokugonya somkhuhlane siqala ukusebenza

Nje ukuba ufumane umkhuhlane, kuthatha iiveki ezimbini ukuba umzimba wakho uvelise izilwa-buhlungu ezikhuselayo.

Kubalulekile ukuba ukhumbule ukuba ngeli xesha, usesichengeni sokugula ngumkhuhlane.

Ngeli xesha, kuya kufuneka uqaphele ukuba:

• ziqhelanise nococeko
• kuphephe ukuthinta impumlo okanye umlomo xa kunokwenzeka
• thintela izihlwele ukuba umkhuhlane ujikeleza kwindawo ohlala kuyo

Ezi zilumkiso zibaluleke kakhulu ngelixa i-COVID-19 iseyinto ebalulekileyo. Unokuphuhlisa umkhuhlane kunye nezinye izifo zokuphefumula, ngoko ukuzikhusela kunye nabanye kubalulekile.

Uhlala ixesha elingakanani umkhuhlane

Ukuzikhusela komzimba wakho kumkhuhlane kuyehla ngokuhamba kwexesha. Oku kuyinyani nokuba ngaba ubunakho ukugonywa okanye usulelo lomkhuhlane.

Ukongeza, iintsholongwane zomkhuhlane zihlala ziguquka. Ngenxa yoku, isitofu sokugonya esivela kwixesha langaphambilini lomkhuhlane sinokungakukhuseli kwixesha elizayo lomkhuhlane.

Ngokubanzi, ukufumana iyeza lokuthintela umkhuhlane lonyaka kuya kukunceda ekukukhuseleni ixesha langoku lomkhuhlane.

Uyakufuna ukufumana iyeza lokugonya lonyaka lomkhuhlane minyaka le ukuze ukhuseleke kakhulu kwiintsholongwane zomkhuhlane.

Ufumana nini umkhuhlane

Iyeza lokugonya umkhuhlane liveliswa linani labenzi babucala kwaye ngesiqhelo liqala ukuhambisa kubanikezeli bezempilo ngo-Agasti. Nangona kunjalo, bukhona ubungqina bokuba kungangabi luncedo ukufumana isitofu sakho sokugonya kwangoko.

Kuxeliwe ukuba ubuninzi bokuzikhusela komzimba kufezekiswa emva kogonyo kunye nokuhla kwinyanga nganye edlulayo. Ke ngoko, ukuba ufumana isitofu sakho sokugonya ngo-Agasti, unokuba sesichengeni sokusuleleka emva kwexesha lesifo, malunga noFebruwari okanye uMatshi.

Ucebisa ukuba afumane isitofu sokugonya ngaphambi kokuba umsebenzi womkhuhlane uqale ukubakho ekuhlaleni, ngokufanelekileyo ukuphela kuka-Okthobha.

Ukuba ufumana iyeza lakho emva kwexesha, ungakhathazeki. Ukugonywa emva kwexesha kusenokubonelela ngokhuseleko olwaneleyo, njengoko umkhuhlane unokujikeleza kuluntu lwakho ngoMatshi okanye kwanasemva koko.

Zide kangakanani iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga

Umkhuhlane womkhuhlane wenziwa ngentsholongwane engasebenziyo, okuthetha ukuba awunako ukuphuhlisa umkhuhlane kwisitofu sokugonya somkhuhlane sonyaka. Kodwa kukho iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezininzi emva kokuba uyifumene.

Iziphumo ezivela kumkhuhlane wokudubula ziba mnene kwaye zihlala kuphela iintsuku ezimbalwa.

Iziphumo zokugonya umkhuhlane zinokubandakanya:

• ububomvu, ukudumba, okanye ukudakumba kwindawo yenaliti
• umkhuhlane ophantsi
• iintlungu kunye neentlungu

Izinto zomkhuhlane zisebenza ngempumelelo

Iintsholongwane zomkhuhlane zihlala ziguquka kwaye zikhula ngokukhawuleza. Ukujikeleza kweentsholongwane zomkhuhlane kunokutshintsha ukusuka kwelinye ixesha ukuya kolandelayo.

Abaphandi kufuneka bakhethe iintsholongwane ezithile zomkhuhlane ukuba zibandakanywe kwisitofu kwiinyanga ezininzi ngaphambi kokuba kuqalise ixesha lomkhuhlane. Oku kuthetha ukuba yintoni esemthonjeni wokugonya isenokungasoloko ihambelana noko kusasazekayo ngexesha lomkhuhlane. Oku kunokunciphisa ukusebenza kweyeza lokugonya lomkhuhlane lonyaka.

Ubudala bunokudlala indima ekusebenzeni kokugonya ngenxa yokuba amajoni akho omzimba athanda ukuba buthathaka njengoko uneminyaka yobudala. Uvumile iyeza lokuthintela umkhuhlane wethamo eliphezulu (i-Fluzone High-Dose) kubantu abangama-65 nangaphezulu.

Idosi ephezulu ijolise ekunikezeleni impendulo engcono yamajoni omzimba kwaye ke ngoko ukhuseleko olungcono kweli qela leminyaka. kubonisiwe kwabo bangaphezulu kwama-65 ngeyeza lokuthintela idosi ephezulu.

Kukwacetyiswa ukuba abanye abantwana abaphakathi kweminyaka eyi-6 kunye neminyaka esi-8 bafumane iidosi ezimbini zokugonya umkhuhlane ngexesha lokuqala lokugonywa ukuze bafumane ukhuseleko olwaneleyo.

Kusenokwenzeka ukuba ufumane umkhuhlane emva kokuba ugonyiwe, kodwa uphando lubonakalisile ukuba isigulo sinokuba nzima kakhulu kwaye abantu abafumana umkhuhlane banokubakho amathuba okuba bangeniswe esibhedlele ukuba bafumana umkhuhlane.

Ngubani omele afumane umkhuhlane? Ngubani ongafanelekanga?

Abantu abangaphezu kweenyanga ezintandathu ubudala kufuneka bafumane umkhuhlane otyutywe unyaka nonyaka.

Kubaluleke kakhulu kubantu abasemngciphekweni owandayo weengxaki ezinxulumene nomkhuhlane ukuba bagonywe.

Oku kubandakanya:

• abantu abangaphezu kwama-50
• nabani na oneemeko ezinganyangekiyo
• abantu abanamajoni omzimba abuthathaka
• abantwana abaphakathi kweenyanga ezi-6 kunye neminyaka emihlanu ubudala
• abantu abaneminyaka eli-18 nangaphantsi abafumana unyango lweasprini
• abasetyhini abakhulelweyo nabasetyhini ukuya kuthi ga kwiiveki ezi-2 emva kokukhulelwa
• abantu abanobunzima bomzimba obungama-40 okanye ngaphezulu
• AmaNdiya aseMelika okanye ama-Alaska Abemi
• abasebenzi bezempilo
• nawuphina umntu ohlala okanye osebenza kwikhaya labantu abalupheleyo okanye kwiziko lokhathalelo olungapheliyo
• abanonopheli bayo nayiphi na kwezi zinto zingasentla

Abantwana abangaphantsi kweenyanga ezi-6 ubudala akufuneki bafumane iyeza lokugonya lomkhuhlane. Ukukhusela aba bantwana ekuchaphazelweni yintsholongwane, onke amalungu osapho okanye abanonopheli kufuneka bagonywe.

Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukuzikhusela komhlambi kwaye kuya kunceda ukukhusela abo bangakwaziyo ukufumana isitofu sokugonya.

Ukongeza, ukuba ngoku uyagula unesifo esibuhlungu, kungafuneka ulinde de ube ungcono ukufumana isitofu sokugonya.

Ngaphambi kokuba ugonywe, kuya kufuneka wazise ugqirha wakho ukuba unayo:

• ukusabela kwangaphambili komzimba kumachiza omkhuhlane
• iingxaki ezivela kwizitofu zokugonya
• Isifo seGuillain-Barré

Ezi zinto zinokubonisa ukuba awufanele ufumane umkhuhlane. Kodwa jonga ugqirha wakho ukuze ubone ukuba bacebisa ntoni.

Uninzi lwemipu yomkhuhlane inexabiso elincinci leprotein yeqanda. Ukuba unembali ye-allergies yeqanda, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokufumana umkhuhlane.

Yise kude

Iintsholongwane zomkhuhlane zibangela ubhubhane wamaxesha athile wokugula okuphefumlayo minyaka le kwaye kulo nyaka kuyingozi ngakumbi ngenxa yesifo esiqhubekayo se-COVID-19. Ngelixa abanye abantu benokugula kancinci, abanye (ngakumbi amaqela athile abasemngciphekweni omkhulu) banokufumana usulelo olubi kakhulu olufuna ukulaliswa esibhedlele.

Ukufumana umkhuhlane wakho unyaka nonyaka yeyona ndlela yokunciphisa amathuba okuba ugule ngumkhuhlane. Ukongeza, xa abantu abaninzi befumana iyeza lokugonya umkhuhlane, intsholongwane ayinakukwazi ukujikeleza eluntwini.

Kuya kufuneka ujonge ukufumana umkhuhlane udubule njalo ukuwa ngaphambi kokuba intsholongwane yomkhuhlane iqale ukubakho kwindawo yakho.

Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu zokubanda okanye umkhuhlane, kubalulekile ukunqanda ukunxibelelana nabanye kwaye kuvavanyelwe umkhuhlane kunye ne-COVID-19.