Idiopathic Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia

Umxholo

• Ngubani osemngciphekweni?
• Iimpawu ze-AIHA ye-idiopathic
• Ukuchonga i-idiopathic AIHA
• Izinketho zonyango lwe-IAIHA
• IiSteroids
• Ugqirha
• Amayeza okucinezela amajoni omzimba
• Umbono wexesha elide

Yintoni i-idiopathic autoimmune hemolytic anemia?

Idiopathic autoimmune hemolytic anemia luhlobo lwe-autoimmune hemolytic anemia. I-autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) liqela leengxaki ezinqabileyo kodwa ezinzulu zegazi. Zenzeka xa umzimba utshabalalisa iiseli ezibomvu ngokukhawuleza kunokuba uzivelisile. Imeko ithathwa njenge-idiopathic xa isizathu sayo singaziwa.

Izifo ezizenzekelayo zihlasela umzimba ngokwawo. Amajoni akho omzimba avelisa izilwa-buhlungu ukunceda ekujoliseni abahlaseli bamanye amazwe njengeebhaktheriya kunye neentsholongwane. Kwimeko yokuphazamiseka komzimba, umzimba wakho uvelisa ngempazamo izilwa-buhlungu ezihlasela umzimba ngokwawo. Kwi-AIHA, umzimba wakho uvelisa izilwa-buhlungu ezitshabalalisa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi.

I-Idiopathic AIHA inokubusongela ubomi ngenxa yokufika kwayo ngequbuliso. Ifuna unyango kwangoko kunye nokulaliswa esibhedlele.

Ngubani osemngciphekweni?

Malunga nawo onke amatyala e-AIHA zi-idiopathic. I-AIHA inokwenzeka nanini na ebomini kwaye inokukhula ngesiquphe okanye ngokuthe ngcembe. Ichaphazela ikakhulu abantu basetyhini.

Ukuba i-AIHA ayisiyi-idiopathic, kungenxa yokuba ibangelwa sisifo esisisiseko okanye amayeza. Nangona kunjalo, i-idiopathic AIHA ayinazo izizathu ezibonakalayo. Abantu abane-AIHA ye-idiopathic banokuba neziphumo ezingaqhelekanga zovavanyo lwegazi kwaye kungekho zimpawu.

Iimpawu ze-AIHA ye-idiopathic

Unokuziva ubuthathaka kwaye uphefumla kancinci ukuba ukhula ngesiquphe-nge-idiopathic AIHA. Ngamanye amaxesha imeko inesifo esinganyangekiyo kwaye ikhula ngokuhamba kwexesha, ngenxa yoko iimpawu azibonakali kangako. Kuzo zombini iimeko, iimpawu zingabandakanya enye okanye ngaphezulu koku kulandelayo:

• ukwanda kobuthathaka
• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza
• ulusu olumbala okanye olutyheli
• iintlungu zemisipha
• isicaphucaphu
• ukugabha
• umchamo omnyama-mnyama
• intloko ebuhlungu
• ukungaphatheki kakuhle kwesisu
• ukudumba
• urhudo

Ukuchonga i-idiopathic AIHA

Ugqirha wakho uya kuthetha nawe kakhulu malunga neempawu zakho ukuba ukrokrela ukuba une-AIHA. Kuya kufuneka bakuxilonge nge-AIHA kwaye balawule amayeza okanye ezinye iingxaki ezibangelwa zizinto ezinokubangela i-AIHA ngaphambi kokukufumanisa ngohlobo lwe-idiopathic.

Okokuqala, ugqirha wakho uya kukubuza malunga nembali yakho yonyango. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba baya kukungenisa esibhedlele ukuze uvavanywe ngokukhawuleza kwaye ujonge ukuba ngaba iimpawu zakho zinobuzaza. Imizekelo yemicimbi enzulu ibandakanya ulusu olunombala okanye umchamo okanye i-anemia ebukhali. Banokukuthumela kwingcali yegazi, okanye ugqirha wegazi.

Uya kudinga ukuba noluhlu olubanzi lovavanyo lwegazi ukuqinisekisa i-AIHA. Ezinye zeemvavanyo ziya kulinganisa ubalo lweeseli ezibomvu zomzimba. Ukuba unayo i-AIHA, inani lakho elibomvu leeseli zegazi liya kuba sezantsi. Olunye uvavanyo luya kujonga izinto ezithile egazini. Uvavanyo lwegazi olubonisa umlinganiso ongachanekanga wokungafiki kwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezinokubonisa i-AIHA. Inani eliphezulu leeseli ezibomvu ezingafakwanga zibonakalisa ukuba umzimba uzama ukubuyisela iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezibhujiswa ngokukhawuleza.

Ezinye iziphumo zovavanyo lwegazi zibandakanya inqanaba eliphezulu kune-eliqhelekileyo le-bilirubin kunye nokwehla kwenqanaba leprotini ebizwa ngokuba yi-haptoglobin. I-Bilirubin yimveliso yendalo yokonakala kweseli ebomvu. La manqanaba aba phezulu xa inani elikhulu leeseli ezibomvu zegazi litshatyalaliswa. Uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-haptoglobin lunokuba luncedo ngakumbi ekuchongeni i-AIHA. Ngokudibana nolunye uvavanyo lwegazi, ityhila ukuba iproteni iyatshatyalaliswa kunye neeseli ezibomvu zegazi.

Kwezinye iimeko, iziphumo zebhabhu eziqhelekileyo kule mvavanyo yegazi ayinakwanela ukufumanisa i-AIHA, ngoko ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukwenza iimvavanyo ezininzi. Olunye uvavanyo, kubandakanya uvavanyo lweeCombs ngokuthe ngqo nangokungathanga ngqo, lunokubona ukonyuka kwamagciwane emzimbeni. Uhlalutyo lomchamo kunye nokuqokelela umchamo iiyure ezingama-24 kunokuveza ukungahambi kakuhle kumchamo, njengamanqanaba aphezulu eproteni.

Izinketho zonyango lwe-IAIHA

Abantu abarhanelwa ukuba baqale ngequbuliso i-idiopathic AIHA baya kulaliswa esibhedlele kwangoko ngenxa yendalo ebukhali. Iimeko ezinganyangekiyo zihlala zihlala zize zidlule ngaphandle kwengcaciso. Kungenzeka ukuba imeko iphuculwe ngaphandle kwonyango.

Ugqirha wakho uya kujonga amanqanaba eglucose egazini ngokusondeleyo ukuba unesifo seswekile. Isifo seswekile sesona sifo siyingozi ekubulaweni sisifo ngenxa yonyango.

IiSteroids

Unyango lomgca wokuqala luhlala luyi-steroids efana ne-prednisone. Banokunceda ukuphucula ukubalwa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi. Ugqirha wakho uya kukujonga ngononophelo ukujonga ukuba ii-steroids ziyasebenza na. Nje ukuba imeko yakho iye ekuxolelweni, ugqirha wakho uya kuzama ukukulahla kwi-steroids kancinci. Abantu abane-AIHA abafumana unyango lwe-steroid banokufuna izongezo ngexesha lonyango. Oku kunokubandakanya:

• bisphosphonates
• ivithamin D
• calcium
• ifolic acid

Ugqirha

Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukususwa kotyando ukuba ii-steroids azisebenzi ngokupheleleyo. Ukususwa kwepleen kunokuguqula ukutshatyalaliswa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi. Olu tyando luyaziwa njenge-splenectomy. Abantu abafumana i-splenectomy banokuxolelwa ngokuyinxenye okanye ngokupheleleyo kwi-AIHA yabo, kwaye abantu abanoluhlobo lwe-idiopathic bathande ukuba neziphumo eziphumeleleyo.

Amayeza okucinezela amajoni omzimba

Olunye ukhetho kunyango ngamachiza okucinezela amajoni omzimba, njenge-azathioprine kunye ne-cyclophosphamide. Oku kunokuba yimichiza esebenzayo kubantu abangaphenduli ngempumelelo kunyango nge-steroids okanye abangonyuliyo kotyando.

Ngamanye amaxesha, amayeza e-rituximab anokukhethwa kunamayeza esiqhelo okucinezela amajoni omzimba. URituximab yintsholongwane ehlasela ngokuthe ngqo iiproteni ezithile ezifumaneka kwiiseli ezithile zomzimba.

Umbono wexesha elide

Kunokuba nzima ukufumana ukuxilongwa ngokukhawuleza kwale meko kwiimeko apho singaziwa isizathu sayo. Unyango ngamanye amaxesha lulibaziseka kwezi meko. I-Idiopathic AIHA inokubulala xa ishiywe inganyangwa.

I-Idiopathic AIHA ebantwaneni ihlala ixesha elifutshane. Imeko ihlala ihleli kubantu abadala, kwaye iyakwazi ukuphakama okanye ukuziguqula ngaphandle kwengcaciso. I-AIHA iyanyangeka kakhulu kubantu abadala nakubantwana. Uninzi lwabantu lubuyisela ngokupheleleyo.