I-Immunoglobulin A (IgA): yintoni kwaye iyintoni xa iphakamileyo

Umxholo

• Yintoni i-IgA
• Yintoni enokuba phezulu kwi-IgA
• Yintoni enokuba phantsi i-IgA

I-Immunoglobulin A, eyaziwa njenge-IgA, yiprotheyini efumaneka kwisixa esikhulu, ikakhulu kwimiphunga yokuphefumla neyesisu, ukongeza ekufumanekeni kubisi lwebele, olunokudluliselwa emntwaneni ngexesha lokuncancisa kunye nokukhuthaza ukukhula. yamajoni omzimba.

Le immunoglobulin inomsebenzi ophambili wokukhusela umzimba kwaye, ke ngoko, xa iphantsi, inokuxhasa ukukhula kwezifo, ekufuneka zichongiwe kwaye ziphathwe ngokwesikhokelo sikagqirha.

Yintoni i-IgA

Umsebenzi ophambili we-IgA kukukhusela umzimba ekosulelekeni kwaye ekuqaleni unokufunyanwa ngokuncancisa, apho ii-immunoglobulins zikamama zidluliselwa emntwaneni. Le protein inokuhlelwa ngokweendidi ezimbini ngokokuma kwayo kunye neempawu zayo, kwaye inokuba nemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo ebalulekileyo ekukhuseleni umzimba:

• IgA 1, ekhoyo ikakhulu kwi-serum kwaye inoxanduva lokhuselo lwe-immunological, kuba iyakwazi ukuthomalalisa ityhefu okanye ezinye izinto eziveliswa ziintsholongwane ezihlaselayo;
• IgA 2Efumaneka kwiimbumba ezinomqolo kwaye ifunyaniswa inxulunyaniswa nezinto eziyimfihlo. Olu hlobo lwe-IgA luyanyangeka kuninzi lweeproteni eziveliswa ziibhaktiriya ezinoxanduva lokutshatyalaliswa kweeseli zomzimba kwaye, ke, ziyahambelana nomgca wokuqala wokuzikhusela ngokuchasene nezinto ezosulelayo ezingena kumzimba ngembumba yangaphakathi.

I-Immunoglobulin A inokufumaneka kwiinyembezi, amathe kunye nobisi lwebele, ukongeza kubukho kwi-genitourinary, digestive kunye neenkqubo zokuphefumla, ukukhusela ezi nkqubo ngokuchasene nosulelo.

Jonga kwakhona ukuba amajoni omzimba asebenza njani.

Yintoni enokuba phezulu kwi-IgA

Ukonyuka kwe-IgA kunokwenzeka xa kukho utshintsho kwiimbumba ezinomqolo, ngakumbi emathunjini naseziphefumlweni, kuba le immunoglobulin ifumaneka ikakhulu kuloo ndawo. Ke, inani le-IgA linokunyuswa kwimeko yokuphefumla okanye isifo samathumbu kunye nesibindi sokuqina, umzekelo, ukongeza apho kunokubakho utshintsho kwimeko yosulelo kulusu okanye kwizintso.

Kubalulekile ukuba olunye uvavanyo lwenziwe ukuze kuchongwe unobangela we-IgA ephezulu kwaye ke, olona nyango lufanelekileyo lunokuqaliswa.

Yintoni enokuba phantsi i-IgA

Ukwehla kwenani lokujikeleza kwe-IgA kuhlala kulufu kwaye akukhokeleli kuphuhliso lweempawu ezinxulumene nolu tshintsho, kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukusilela xa uxinzelelo lwale immunoglobulin lungaphantsi kwe-5 mg / dL egazini.

Nangona kunjalo, inani eliphantsi lale immunoglobulin ejikelezayo emzimbeni inokuxhasa ukukhula kwezifo, kuba inwebu yangaphakathi ayikhuselekanga. Ke, ukongeza ekunciphiseni ngenxa yemfuza, ukusilela kwe-IgA kunokubakho kwimeko ye:

• Utshintsho lomzimba;
• Isifuba;
• Ukwaliwa komzimba;
• Icystic fibrosis;
• Wegazi;
• Urhudo olungapheliyo;
• Isifo seMalabsorption;
• Iintsana ezineerubella;
• Abantu abaye batyalwa ngomongo wethambo;
• Abantwana abosuleleke yintsholongwane kaEpstein-Barr.

Ngokwesiqhelo, xa kukho ukuhla kwi-IgA, umzimba uzama ukubuyekeza oku kuncipha ngokwandisa imveliso ye-IgM kunye ne-IgG ukuze silwe nesi sifo kwaye sigcine umzimba ukhuselekile. Kubalulekile ukuba, ukongeza kwimilinganiselo ye-IgA, i-IgM kunye ne-IgG, kwenziwe uvavanyo oluthe ngqo ngakumbi lokuchonga unobangela wotshintsho kwaye, ngenxa yoko, kuqale olona nyango lufanelekileyo. Funda ngakumbi nge-IgM kunye ne-IgG.