Imacrocytic Anemia

Umxholo

• Iimpawu zeMacrocytic anemia
• Iindidi kunye noonobangela be-macrocytic anemia
• Megaloblastic macrocytic anemia
• I-anmegaloblastic macrocytic anemia
• Ukuchonga i-macrocytic anemia
• Uvavanyo lwegazi
• Ukunyanga i-macrocytic anemia
• Iingxaki
• Ungayikhusela njani i-macrocytic anemia
• Kwiiseli ezibomvu ezisempilweni
  

Ushwankathelo

IMacrocytosis ligama elisetyenziselwa ukuchaza iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezinkulu kunezoqhelekileyo. I-anemia kuxa unamanani asezantsi asebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi emzimbeni wakho. I-Macrocytic anemia, ke, yimeko apho umzimba wakho uneeseli ezibomvu ezinkulu kakhulu kwaye ungonelanga ziiseli ezibomvu eziqhelekileyo.

Iindidi ezahlukeneyo ze-macrocytic anemia zinokuhlelwa ngokuxhomekeke kwinto ebangela oko. Rhoqo, ii-anemias ze-macrocytic zibangelwa kukungabikho kwe-vitamin B-12 kunye ne-folate. I-Macrocytic anemia inokubonisa imeko engaphantsi.

Iimpawu zeMacrocytic anemia

Awunakuqaphela naziphi na iimpawu ze-macrocytic anemia de ube unayo kangangexesha elithile.

Iimpawu zibandakanya:

• ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya okanye ubunzima
• iinzipho ezaphukileyo
• ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza
• urhudo
• ukudinwa
• ulusu olukhanyayo, kubandakanya imilebe kunye neenkophe
• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• ukungabikho koxinzelelo okanye ukudideka
• ukulahleka kwememori

Ukuba uneempawu ezininzi, yenza idinga lokubonana nogqirha wakho.

Kubalulekile ukwenza idinga ngokukhawuleza ukuba unempawu ezilandelayo:

• ukwanda kwentliziyo
• ukudideka
• iingxaki zememori

Iindidi kunye noonobangela be-macrocytic anemia

I-Macrocytic anemia inokuqhekeka ibe ziindidi ezimbini eziphambili: i-megaloblastic kunye ne-nonmegaloblastic macrocytic anemias.

Megaloblastic macrocytic anemia

Uninzi lwee-anemias ze-macrocytic nazo zikwi-megaloblastic. I-Megaloblastic anemia sisiphumo seempazamo kwimveliso yegazi ebomvu ye-DNA. Oku kubangela ukuba umzimba wakho wenze iiseli ezibomvu ngokuchanekileyo.

Izizathu ezinokubakho zibandakanya:

• ukuswela i-vitamin B-12
• Ukusilela kwabantu
• amanye amayeza, anje ngamachiza e-chemotherapy anjengehydroxyurea, amayeza okuthomalalisa ukhuseleko, kunye neziyobisi ezichaphazela abantu abane-HIV

I-anmegaloblastic macrocytic anemia

Iifom ze-nonmegaloblastic ze-macrocytic anemia zinokubangelwa zizinto ezahlukeneyo. Oku kunokubandakanya:

• ingxaki yokusetyenziswa kotywala okungapheliyo (utywala)
• isifo sesibindi
• hypothyroidism

Ukuchonga i-macrocytic anemia

Ugqirha wakho uya kubuza malunga nembali yakho yezonyango kunye nendlela ophila ngayo. Basenokubuza malunga nendlela otya ngayo ukuba bacinga ukuba unohlobo lweanemia. Ukufunda ngendlela otya ngayo kunokubanceda bafumane ukuba awunanto kwi-iron, folate, okanye naziphi na iivithamini ze-B.

Uvavanyo lwegazi

Ugqirha wakho uya kuyalela iimvavanyo zegazi ukujonga i-anemia kunye neeseli ezibomvu zegazi. Ukuba inani lakho elipheleleyo legazi libonisa i-anemia, ugqirha wakho uya kwenza olunye uvavanyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-peripheral blood smear. Olu vavanyo lunokunceda ukujonga utshintsho lwe-macrocytic kwangoko okanye utshintsho oluncinci kwiiseli zakho ezibomvu zegazi.

Uvavanyo lwegazi olongezelelekileyo lunokunceda ekufumaneni unobangela we-macrocytosis kunye ne-anemia. Oku kubalulekile kuba unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu esingunobangela.

Ngelixa ukusilela kwezondlo kubangela uninzi lwe-macrocytic anemias, ezinye iimeko ezingaphantsi kunokubangela ukusilela. Ugqirha wakho uya kuqhuba iimvavanyo ukujonga amanqanaba akho ezondlo. Banokwenza uvavanyo lwegazi ukukhangela ingxaki yokusebenzisa utywala, isifo sesibindi kunye ne-hypothyroidism.

Ugqirha wakho wokunyamekela unokukuthumela kwi-hematologist. I-Hematologists igxile kukuphazamiseka kwegazi. Banokuchonga unobangela kunye nohlobo oluthile lwe-anemia yakho.

Ukunyanga i-macrocytic anemia

Unyango lwe-macrocytic anemia lujolise ekunyangeni unobangela wale meko. Uluhlu lokuqala lonyango kubantu abaninzi lulungisa ukusilela kwezondlo. Oku kunokwenziwa ngezongezo okanye ukutya okufana nespinatshi kunye nenyama ebomvu. Unokwazi ukuthatha izongezo ezibandakanya i-folate kunye nezinye iivithamini ze-B. Unokufuna kwakhona iinaliti ze-vitamin B-12 ukuba awuthathi kakuhle i-vitamin B-12 yomlomo.

Ukutya okuphezulu kwi-vitamin B-12 kubandakanya:

• inkukhu
• iinkozo ezinqatyisiweyo kunye neenkozo
• amaqanda
• inyama ebomvu
• iqokobhe
• intlanzi

Ukutya okuphezulu kwifolthi kubandakanya:

• imifuno enamagqabi amnyama, njenge-kale kunye nesipinatshi
• iilentile
• ukutya okuziinkozo
• iiorenji

Iingxaki

Uninzi lweziganeko ze-macrocytic anemia ezibangelwa yivithamini B-12 kunye nokusilela komntu kunokunyangwa kwaye kuphiliswe ngokutya kunye nezongezo.

Nangona kunjalo, ii-macrocytic anemias zinokubangela iingxaki zexesha elide ukuba ziyekwe zinganyangwa. Ezi ngxaki zinokubandakanya umonakalo ongapheliyo kwinkqubo yakho yeemvakalelo. Ukusilela kakhulu kwe-vitamin B-12 kunokubangela iingxaki ze-neurologic zexesha elide. Babandakanya i-peripheral neuropathy kunye nesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo.

Ungayikhusela njani i-macrocytic anemia

Awunakuhlala uthintela i-macrocytic anemia, ngakumbi xa ibangelwa yimeko engaphantsi kolawulo lwakho. Nangona kunjalo, unokuthintela i-anemia ekubeni ibe qatha kwiimeko ezininzi. Zama ezi ngcebiso:

Kwiiseli ezibomvu ezisempilweni

• Yongeza inyama ebomvu kunye nenkukhu kwisidlo sakho ukwandisa ivithamini B-12 yakho yokutya.
• Ukuba ungumlimi wemifuno okanye i-vegan, unokongeza iimbotyi kunye nomnyama, amagqabi aluhlaza ukuze ubhale. Zama ukutya okuziinkozo kwasekuseni okuqinileyo ku-vitamin B-12.
• Nciphisa inani lotywala obuselayo.
• Thetha nogqirha wakho ukuba uthatha ii-antiretrovirals ze-HIV, amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, okanye amayeza e-chemotherapy. Oku kunokunyusa umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa i-macrocytic anemia.