Ukuqonda unyango lwe-infusion ye-Multiple Sclerosis

Umxholo

• I-Q & A: Ukulawula unyango lokunyuswa
• Q:
• A:
• Ukunyanga iziyobisi
• I-Alemtuzumab (iLemtrada)
• INatalizumab (iTysabri)
• IMitoxantrone hydrochloride
• I-Ocrelizumab (Ocrevus)
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zenkqubo yokumnika
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zokufakwa kumayeza
• I-Alemtuzumab
• UNatalizumab
• IMitoxantrone hydrochloride
• I-Ocrelizumab
• Thetha nogqirha wakho

Ukunyanga i-multiple sclerosis (MS)

I-Multiple sclerosis (MS) sisifo esizenzekelayo esichaphazela inkqubo ye-nervous system (CNS).

Nge-MS, amajoni akho omzimba ahlasela ngempazamo imithambo-luvo yakho kwaye atshabalalise i-myelin, ukhuseleko lwabo. Ukuba ishiywe inganyangwa, i-MS inokutshabalalisa yonke i-myelin ejikeleze imithambo-luvo yakho. Emva koko inokuqalisa ukonakalisa imithambo-luvo ngokwabo.

Akukho lunyango lwe-MS, kodwa kukho iintlobo ezininzi zonyango. Kwezinye iimeko, unyango lunokunciphisa isantya se-MS. Unyango lunokunceda ekunciphiseni iimpawu kunye nokunciphisa umonakalo onokubakho owenziwe yi-MS flare-ups. I-flare-ups ngamaxesha apho uneempawu.

Nangona kunjalo, nje ukuba uhlaselo seluqalile, unokufuna olunye uhlobo lonyango olubizwa ngokuba sisilungisi sesifo. Ukuguqulwa kwesifo kunokutshintsha indlela esiziphatha ngayo esi sifo. Banokukunceda ukucothisa ukuqhubela phambili kwe-MS kunye nokunciphisa i-flare-ups.

Olunye unyango oluguqula izifo luza njengokufaka amayeza. Olu nyango lokunyuswa kunokuba luncedo ngakumbi kubantu abane-MS enobundlongondlongo okanye ehambele phambili. Funda ukuze ufunde kabanzi malunga nala mayeza kunye nendlela abanceda ngayo ukuphatha i-MS.

I-Q & A: Ukulawula unyango lokunyuswa

Q:

Unikwa njani unyango lokumnika?

Isigulana esingaziwayo

A:

La machiza atofelwe ngaphakathi. Oku kuthetha ukuba uyazifumana ngomthambo wakho. Nangona kunjalo, awujoyi la mayeza ngokwakho. Unokufumana kuphela la machiza kumboneleli wezempilo kwiziko lokhathalelo lwempilo.

Iimpilo zeQela lezoNyango lezeMpilo libonisa izimvo zeengcali zethu zonyango. Yonke imixholo inolwazi ngokungqongqo kwaye akufuneki ukuba ithathelwe ingqalelo njengengcebiso yezonyango.

Ukunyanga iziyobisi

Namhlanje kukho iziyobisi ezine ezingafumanekiyo ukunyanga i-MS.

I-Alemtuzumab (iLemtrada)

Oogqirha banika i-alemtuzumab (Lemtrada) kubantu abangaphendulanga kakuhle ubuncinci kwamanye amayeza e-MS.

Eli chiza lisebenza ngokunciphisa kancinci inani lomzimba wakho wee-T kunye ne-B lymphocyte, ezizintlobo zeeseli ezimhlophe zegazi (ii-WBCs). Eli nyathelo linokunciphisa ukudumba kunye nomonakalo kwiiseli zemithambo-luvo.

Ufumana eli chiza kanye ngemini iintsuku ezintlanu. Ke unyaka omnye emva konyango lwakho lokuqala, ufumana ichiza kube kanye ngemini iintsuku ezintathu.

INatalizumab (iTysabri)

I-Natalizumab (iTysabri) isebenza ngokunqanda iiseli zomzimba ezonakalisayo ukuba zingene kwingqondo yakho nakwintambo yomqolo. Ufumana eli chiza kanye kwiiveki ezine.

IMitoxantrone hydrochloride

I-Mitoxantrone hydrochloride lunyango lwe-MS lokunyanga kunye neziyobisi ze-chemotherapy ezisetyenziselwa ukunyanga umhlaza.

Ingasebenza ngokugqibeleleyo kubantu abane-MS yesibini eqhubela phambili (i-SPMS) okanye i-MS ekhula ngokukhawuleza. Kungenxa yokuba i-immunosuppressant, oko kuthetha ukuba iyasebenza ukunqanda amajoni akho omzimba kuhlaselo lwe-MS. Esi siphumo sinokunciphisa iimpawu ze-MS flare-up.

Ufumana eli chiza kanye kwiinyanga ezintathu zokufumana idosi ephezulu (140 mg / m) yobomi²eya kuthi ifikeleleke kwisithuba seminyaka emibini ukuya kwemithathu. Ngenxa yomngcipheko weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimandundu, kuyacetyiswa kuphela kubantu abane-MS ebukhali.

I-Ocrelizumab (Ocrevus)

I-Ocrelizumab lolona nyango lutsha lokufakwa kwi-MS. Kwavunywa nguLawulo lwezoKutya kunye noLawulo lweziyobisi (FDA) ngo-2017.

I-Ocrelizumab isetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukubuyela umva okanye iifom zokuqhubela phambili ze-MS. Ngapha koko, sisiyobisi sokuqala esivunyiweyo ukunyanga inkqubela phambili ye-MS (PPMS).

Eli yeza licingelwa ukuba lisebenza ngokujolisa kwii-lymphocyte ze-B ezinoxanduva lokonakaliswa kunye nokulungiswa kwe-sheel.

Inikwa okokuqala kwii-milligram infusions ezimbini, ezahlulwe ziiveki ezimbini. Emva koko, inikwa i-600-milligram infusions rhoqo kwiinyanga ezintandathu.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zenkqubo yokumnika

Inkqubo yokungena ngaphakathi inokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, ezinokubandakanya:

• ukugruzuka okanye ukopha kwindawo yenaliti
• ukugungxula, okanye ukubomvu kunye nokufudumeza kolusu lwakho
• Ukugodola
• isicaphucaphu

Unako kwakhona ukuphendula ukumnika. Oku kukusabela kweziyobisi kulusu lwakho.

Kuwo onke la machiza, impendulo yokumiliselwa kunokwenzeka ukuba yenzeke kwiiyure ezimbini zokuqala zolawulo, kodwa impendulo inokwenzeka ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezingama-24 kamva. Iimpawu zingabandakanya:

• urhwebo
• amabala anamaxolo kulusu lwakho
• ubushushu okanye umkhuhlane
• irhashalala

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zokufakwa kumayeza

Iyeza ngalinye lokufaka lineziphumo zalo ezinokubakho.

I-Alemtuzumab

Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazelekayo zeli chiza zingabandakanya:

• irhashalala
• intloko ebuhlungu
• ifiva
• okubandayo Okunye
• isicaphucaphu
• Usulelo lwe-urinary tract (UTI)
• ukudinwa

Eli chiza linokubangela neziphumo ezibi kakhulu, kwaye ezinokubulala. Banokubandakanya:

• Ukuphendula ngokuzenzekelayo, njenge-Guillain-Barré syndrome kunye nokusilela komzimba
• umhlaza
• ukuphazamiseka kwegazi

UNatalizumab

Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazelekayo zeli chiza zingabandakanya:

• usulelo
• negazi lakho
• intloko ebuhlungu
• ukudinwa
• ukudakumba

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinzulu zinokubandakanya:

• Usulelo lobuchopho olunqabileyo nolubulalayo olubizwa ngokuba yi-leukoencephalopathy (PML)
• iingxaki zesibindi, kunye neempawu ezinje:
  • bumthubi besikhumba sakho okanye ezimhlophe zamehlo akho
  • umchamo omnyama okanye omdaka (umbala weti)
  • iintlungu kwicala lasekunene lesisu sakho
  • ukopha okanye ukugruzuka okwenzeka ngokulula kunesiqhelo
  • ukudinwa

IMitoxantrone hydrochloride

Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazelekayo zeli chiza zingabandakanya:

• amanqanaba aphantsi eWBC, anokunyusa umngcipheko wosulelo
• ukudakumba
• iintlungu zethambo
• isicaphucaphu okanye ukugabha
• ukulahleka kweenwele
• UTI
• i-amenorrhea, okanye ukungabikho kwexesha lokuya esikhathini

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinzulu zinokubandakanya:

• Ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo (CHF)
• ukusilela kwezintso

Ukufumana okuninzi kakhulu kweli chiza kukubeka emngciphekweni weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokuba yityhefu emzimbeni wakho, ke i-mitoxantrone kufuneka isetyenziswe kuphela kwiimeko ezinzima ze-MS. Oku kubandakanya i-CHF, ukusilela kwezintso, okanye imiba yegazi. Ugqirha wakho uya kukujonga ngokusondeleyo kwiimpawu zeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ngexesha lokunyanga eli chiza.

I-Ocrelizumab

Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazelekayo zeli chiza zingabandakanya:

• usulelo
• iimpendulo zokunyuswa

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinzulu zinokubandakanya:

• I-PML
• ukuphinda kusebenze i-hepatitis B okanye i-shingles, ukuba sele ikwinkqubo yakho
• amajoni omzimba abuthathaka
• umhlaza, kubandakanya umhlaza webele

OLUNYE UNYANGO LOKUPHATHA

Kwezinye iimeko, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ezinye iindlela zokunyanga. Olu nyango lunokusetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukubuyela umva okungaphenduliyo kwiicorticosteroids. Babandakanya iplasmapheresis, ebandakanya ukususa igazi emzimbeni wakho, ukulicoca ukuze ususe izilwa-buhlungu ezinokuthi zihlasele inkqubo yakho yemithambo-luvo, kunye nokuthumela igazi "elihlanjululweyo" kwakhona emzimbeni wakho ngotofelo-gazi. Ikwabandakanya i-immunoglobulin (IVIG) efakwa ngaphakathi, inaliti enceda ukomeleza amajoni akho omzimba.

Thetha nogqirha wakho

Unyango lwe-infusion kunokuba yinto elungileyo ukunceda ukunyanga iimpawu ze-MS kunye ne-flare-ups. Nangona kunjalo, la machiza awalunganga kuwo wonke umntu. Bathwala umngcipheko weengxaki ezinqabileyo kodwa ezinzulu. Okwangoku, abantu abaninzi bazifumene ziluncedo.

Ukuba unenkqubela phambili ye-MS okanye ujonge indlela engcono yokulawula iimpawu zakho, buza ugqirha wakho malunga nonyango lokumnika. Banokukunceda uthathe isigqibo sokuba ngaba ezi ziyobisi zinokuba lukhetho olufanelekileyo kuwe.