Yintoni i-insulin kwaye yenzelwe ntoni

Umxholo

• Yintoni i-insulin
• Yintoni elawula imveliso ye-insulin
• Xa ufuna ukuthatha i-insulin
• 1. I-insulin esebenzayo
• 2. I-Bolus-acting insulin

I-insulin yihomoni eveliswa kwi-pancreas enoxanduva lokuthatha iswekile esegazini iye kwiiseli eziza kusetyenziswa njengomthombo wamandla kwiinkqubo zokusebenza komzimba.

Eyona nto iphambili ekukhuthazeni imveliso ye-insulin kukunyuka kwenani leswekile egazini emva kokutya. Xa ukuveliswa kwale hormone kungonelanga okanye kungekho, njengakwisifo seswekile, iswekile ayinakuthathwa ingene kwiiseli kwaye, ngenxa yoko, iphelela ekuqokelelekeni egazini nasemchameni, kubangele iingxaki ezinje nge-retinopathy, ukusilela kwezintso, ukonzakala okungaphilisiyo kunye nokuba uthanda ukubetha, umzekelo.

Isifo seswekile sisifo esiguqula isixa se-insulin esivelisiweyo, njengoko sichaphazela amandla epancreas ukuvelisa le hormone, enokuthi ibekho ukusukela ekuzalweni, eluhlobo lwe-1 yeswekile, okanye enokufunyanwa kubomi bonke, oluhlobo lweswekile. 2. Kwezi meko, kunokuba yimfuneko ukusebenzisa iziyobisi ukulawula amanqanaba eswekile okanye usebenzise i-insulin eyenziweyo ukulinganisa isenzo sento ekufuneka iveliswe ngumzimba.

Ukuqonda ngcono malunga neempawu kunye nendlela yokuchonga isifo seswekile.

Yintoni i-insulin

I-insulin inamandla okuthatha iswekile esegazini, kwaye iyise kumalungu omzimba, njengengqondo, isibindi, amanqatha kunye nezihlunu, apho inokusetyenziselwa ukuvelisa amandla, iiproteni, icholesterol kunye ne-triglycerides emandleni. umzimba, okanye oza kugcinwa.

Ipancreas ivelisa iintlobo ezimbini ze-insulin:

• Isisekokukugcinwa okufihlakeleyo kwe-insulin, ukugcina ubuncinci bemihla yonke;
• IBolus: kuxa iipancreas zikhupha izixa ezikhulu ngexesha elinye, emva kokondla nganye, oko ke kuthintela iswekile ekutyeni ekuqokeleleni egazini.

Kungenxa yoko le nto, xa umntu efuna ukusebenzisa i-insulin eyenziweyo ukunyanga isifo seswekile, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ezi ntlobo zimbini: enye ekufuneka itofiwe kanye ngemini, kwaye enye kufuneka itofwe emva kokutya.

Yintoni elawula imveliso ye-insulin

Kukho enye ihomoni, nayo eveliswe kwipancreas, enesenzo esichasene ne-insulin, ebizwa ngokuba yi-glucagon. Isebenza ngokukhupha iswekile egcinwe kumanqatha, isibindi kunye nezihlunu egazini, ukuze umzimba uwusebenzise xa amanqanaba eswekile ephantsi kakhulu, njengaxa uzila ukutya, umzekelo.

Ukusebenza kwezi hormone zimbini, i-insulin kunye neglucagon, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulinganisa inani leswekile esegazini, ukuyikhusela ekugqithiseni okanye ekusweleni, njengoko zozibini ezi meko zizisa iingxaki emzimbeni.

Xa ufuna ukuthatha i-insulin

Kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa i-insulin eyenziweyo kwiimeko apho umzimba ungakwazi ukuyivelisa ngokwexabiso elifunekayo, njengohlobo 1 lweswekile okanye uhlobo olubi lweswekile yesi-2. Qonda ngcono xa kufuneka uqale ukusebenzisa i-insulin ngabantu abaneswekile.

I-insulin yokwenziwa kwamayeza ilinganisa ukukhutshwa kwe-insulin emzimbeni imini yonke, zombini i-basal kunye ne-bolus, ke kukho iintlobo ezininzi, ezahlukileyo ngesantya abasebenza ngaso kwiswekile yegazi:

1. I-insulin esebenzayo

Zizinto zokwenziwa zangaphakathi ezilinganisa i-basal insulin ekhutshwa ngokuthe ngcembe zii-pancreas imini yonke, kwaye inokuba:

• Isenzo esiphakathi okanye i-NPH, njenge-Insulatard, i-Humulin N, i-Novolin N okanye i-Insuman Basal: ihlala ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezili-12 emzimbeni, kwaye inokusetyenziselwa ukugcina inani le-insulin rhoqo emzimbeni;
• Isenzo esicothayo, njengeLantus, Levemir okanye iTresiba: yi-insulin ekhutshwa ngokuqhubekayo nangokucothayo ngaphezulu kweeyure ezingama-24, egcina isenzo esincinci imini yonke.

Ukuthengiswa kwe-insulini esebenza ixesha elide kude kube ziiyure ezingama-42 nako kuyathengiswa, okunokunika umntu uncedo olukhulu, kunciphisa inani lokulunywa.

2. I-Bolus-acting insulin

Ziihomoni ezisetyenziselwa ukubuyisela i-insulin eveliswa emva kokondla, ukuthintela i-glucose ukuba inyuke ngokukhawuleza egazini, kwaye zezi:

• Ukukhawuleza okanye i-insulin rhoqo, NjengoNovolin R okanye uHumulin R: uxelisa i-insulin ekhutshwayo xa sisitya, ke iqala ukusebenza kwimizuzu engama-30, iqala ukusebenza malunga neeyure ezi-2;
• I-insulin ekhawulezayo ngokukhawuleza, ezinje ngeHumalog, iNovorapid kunye neApidra: yi-insulin enesenzo esikhawulezileyo ukuthintela ukutya ekunyuseni amanqanaba eswekile yegazi kakhulu, kwaye kufuneka isetyenziswe kanye phambi kokutya.

Ezi zinto zisetyenziswa kwizicwili ezinamanqatha phantsi kolusu ngoncedo lwesirinji okanye iipeni ezikhethekileyo zalo msebenzi. Ukongeza, ukhetho kukusetyenziswa kwempompo ye-insulin, esisixhobo esincinci esiqhotyoshelwe emzimbeni, kwaye sinokucwangciswa ukukhupha i-basal okanye i-bolus insulin ngokweemfuno zomntu ngamnye.

Funda ngakumbi malunga neendidi ze-insulin, iipropathi kunye nendlela yokusebenzisa.