I-Krokodil (Desomorphine): Inamandla, iOpioid engekho mthethweni ineZiphumo eziMandla

Umxholo

• Yintoni i-krokodil (desomorphine)?
• Isetyenziselwa ntoni?
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zeKrokodil
• I-necrosis yolusu
• Umonakalo wemisipha kunye nentlala
• Umonakalo wenqanawa yegazi
• Umonakalo wethambo
• Yise kude

Iiopioids sisiyobisi esikhupha iintlungu. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-opioids ezikhoyo, kubandakanywa nezo zenziwe kwizityalo zepoppy, ezifana ne-morphine, kunye ne-opioid zokwenziwa, ezifana ne-fentanyl.

Xa zisetyenziswe njengoko kumiselwe, zinokusebenza ngokunyanga iintlungu ezingakhululwanga ngamanye amayeza eentlungu, njenge-acetaminophen.

Umsebenzi we-opioids ngokudibanisa ii-opioid receptors kwingqondo kunye nokuthintela imiqondiso yeentlungu. Bakwanyusa neemvakalelo zolonwabo, yiyo loo nto bengamakhoboka.

Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kweeopioid kuye kwafikelela kubhubhane. Yonke imihla, abantu be-130 bayafa ngenxa ye-opioid overdose e-United States, ngokwe-. Oku kubandakanya i-opioids kuzo zonke iintlobo: zoqobo, zokwenziwa, okanye ezixutywe nezinye iziyobisi.

I-Desomorphine sisiphumo esitofwayo se-morphine. Usenokuba ukhe weva ngayo ngegama layo lesitalato "krokodil." Ihlala ibizwa ngokuba yeyona nto ibiza ixabiso eliphantsi yeheroin.

Igama lesitalato livela kwelinye leziphumo zalo ezinobungozi. Abantu abasebenzisa i-krokodil bakhula isikhumba esinamaxolo, esimnyama kunye nohlaza esifana nolusu lwengwenya.

Yintoni i-krokodil (desomorphine)?

I-Krokodil lupelo lwaseRussia lwengwenya. Ihamba ngamagama ambalwa ahlukeneyo kunye nopelo, kubandakanya:

• krocodil
• krok
• ingwenya
• iziyobisi ze alligator

Kwaziswa okokuqala eRashiya kwii-2000s zokuqala. Yenziwe ngokudibanisa i-desomorphine evela kwikhowudi kwaye uyixube nezinye izongezo, ezinje nge:

• ihydrochloric acid
• ipeyinti encinci
• iodine
• ipetroli
• ulwelo olukhanyayo
• i-phosphorus ebomvu (imatshisi yokubonisa umdlalo)

Ezi zongezelelo ziyingozi zibangelwe ziziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

I-Russia ne-Ukraine zibonakala zichaphazeleka kakhulu kweli chiza, kodwa kuye kwakho ukusetyenziswa kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eMelika.

Isetyenziselwa ntoni?

Ukusetyenziswa kwe-desomorphine kwaxelwa okokuqala ngo-1935 njengonyango lwentlungu ebangelwe kukuphazamiseka.

Iyeza lafunyaniswa ukuba linokuthomalalisa iintlungu kune-morphine enexesha elifutshane kunye nesicaphucaphu. Oogqirha bayaqhubeka nokusebenzisa iyeza ngaphambi nasemva kotyando ngenxa yempembelelo yalo.

Ayisasetyenziswa namhlanje. E-United States, uLawulo lokuNyanzeliswa kweziyobisi (i-DEA) luhlela i-desomorphine njengeShedyuli I. Oku kuthetha ukuba inokubakho okuphezulu kokusetyenziswa gwenxa ngaphandle kokufumana unyango.

Iipilisi zeCodeine ziyafumaneka ngaphandle kommiselo eRashiya. Izinto ezingabizi kwaye zifumaneke ngokulula zidityaniswa nekhowudi ukwenza uhlobo lwasekhaya okanye lwesitrato sesiyobisi, i-krokodil.

Abantu bayisebenzisa njengendawo ebiza ixabiso eliphantsi yeheroin.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zeKrokodil

Iziphumo ebezona zibalulekileyo ze krokodil sisikhumba esiluhlaza kunye nesimnyama esikhula msinyane emva kokufaka inaliti.

Ngokusekwe kwiingxelo, abantu akufuneki basebenzise iyeza ixesha elide ukuba bafumane umonakalo osisigxina kunye nomzimba onobuzaza obunzulu njengethambo.

Makhe sijonge ngakumbi kwiziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezijongene negama lesitrato sechiza kunye nezinye iziphumo zalo.

I-necrosis yolusu

Ngokuka, abantu baphuhlisa ukudumba kunye neentlungu kwindawo apho ichiza lifakwe khona. Oku kulandelwa kukutshintsha kwesikhumba kunye nokukala. Ekugqibeleni iindawo ezinkulu zezilonda zenzeka apho izihlunu zifa khona.

Umonakalo ukholelwa ekubeni ubuncinci ngokuyinxenye ubangelwe sisiphumo setyhefu sezongezo ezisetyenziselwa ukwenza ichiza, uninzi lwazo ludlamkile kulusu.

Iyeza alicocekanga ngaphambi kwenaliti. Oku kunokucacisa ukuba kutheni ukucaphuka kolusu kwenzeka phantse kwangoko emva kwenaliti.

Umonakalo wemisipha kunye nentlala

Ulusu olunezilonda luhlala ludlulela kumonakalo omkhulu wesihlunu kunye nentlala. Ulusu luye luqhubeke lube nezilonda, luze ekugqibeleni lutyibilike lize libonakalise ithambo ngaphantsi.

I-Krokodil inamandla ngakumbi kune morphine. Ngenxa yempembelelo yokuphelisa iintlungu, abantu abaninzi abasebenzisa iziyobisi bayazityeshela ezi ziphumo bezingalindelekanga kwaye bayeke unyango de kwenziwe umonakalo omkhulu, kubandakanya ukubola.

Umonakalo wenqanawa yegazi

I-Krokodil ingonakalisa imithambo yegazi ethintela izicwili zomzimba ekufumaneni igazi elifunayo. Umonakalo wenqanawa yegazi onxulunyaniswa neziyobisi unokubangela ukubola. Inokukhokelela kwi-thrombophlebitis, kukudumba komthambo obangelwe ligazi.

Umonakalo wethambo

Ukusuleleka kwamathambo (i-osteomyelitis) kunye nokufa kwethambo (i-osteonecrosis) kwiindawo zomzimba ezahlukileyo kwindawo yenaliti kuye kwaxelwa.

Iintsholongwane ziyakwazi ukungena emathanjeni ngamanxeba enzonzobila, zibangele usulelo. Ukufa kwamathambo kwenzeka xa ukuhamba kwegazi kwithambo kucotha okanye kumiswa.

Ukunqunyulwa ngamanye amaxesha kuyafuneka ukunyanga olu hlobo lomonakalo.

Ukusetyenziswa kwekrokodil kunxulunyaniswe nenani lezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezibi kunye neengxaki, kubandakanya:

• ukukrala kwemiphunga
• meningitis
• sepsis, ekwabizwa ngokuba yityhefu yegazi
• ukusilela kwezintso
• ukulimala kwesibindi
• ukulimala kwengqondo
• libanda, iziyobisi
• ukufa

Yise kude

I-Krokodil (desomorphine) sisiyobisi esiyingozi nesinokubulala esidala inani leziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Iziphumo zayo eziyityhefu zifunyanwa ngoko nangoko emva kokuyitofa kwaye iqhubela phambili ngokukhawuleza.

Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo usebenzisa i-krokodil okanye usebenzisa kakubi ezinye ii-opioid, nantsi indlela yokufumana uncedo.