Yintoni i-macrocephaly, iimpawu kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Izizathu eziphambili
• Iimpawu kunye neempawu zemacrocephaly
• Unyango lwenziwa njani

IMacrocephaly yimeko enqabileyo ebonakaliswa bubungakanani bentloko yomntwana enkulu kunesiqhelo ngokwesini kunye nobudala kwaye enokufunyanwa ngokulinganisa ubungakanani bentloko, ekwabizwa ngokuba ngumjikelezo wentloko okanye i-CP, kwaye yaceba kwigrafu kunye nemilinganiselo ehamba nayo ngexesha lokubonisana ngononophelo lwabantwana, ukususela ekuzalweni ukuya kwiminyaka emi-2 ubudala.

Ngamanye amaxesha, i-macrocephaly ayibonisi bungozi kwezempilo, ithathwa njengesiqhelo, nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, ngakumbi xa ingqokelela ye-cerebrospinal fluid, i-CSF, ibonwa, kunokubakho ukulibaziseka kophuhliso lwe-psychomotor, ubungakanani bobuchopho obungaqhelekanga, ukudodobala kwengqondo nokubanjwa.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-macrocephaly kwenziwa njengoko umntwana ekhula, kwaye ukujikeleza kwentloko kulinganiswa kutyelelo ngalunye nogqirha wabantwana. Ukongeza, kuxhomekeke kubudlelwane phakathi kwe-CP, ubudala, isini kunye nokukhula kosana, ugqirha usenokubonisa ukusebenza kweemvavanyo zokujonga ukujonga ubukho beetyum, amathumba okanye ukuqokelelwa kwe-CSF, ebonisa olona nyango lufanelekileyo ukuba luyimfuneko.

Izizathu eziphambili

IMacrocephaly inezizathu ezininzi, uninzi lwazo zinxulunyaniswa nezinto zemfuza, zikhokelela kwizifo ze-metabolic okanye ukungalunganga. Nangona kunjalo, ngexesha lokukhulelwa umfazi angaphinde avezwe kwiimeko ezininzi ezinokuthi zithintele ukukhula komntwana kwaye zikhokelele kwi-macrocephaly. Ke, ezinye zezona zinto zibangela imacrocephaly zezi:

• Usulelo olunjenge-toxoplasmosis, irubella, igcushuwa kunye nosulelo lwe-cytomegalovirus;
• Hypoxia;
• I-Vascular malformation;
• Ubukho bamathumba, ama-cysts okanye amathumba okuzalwa;
• Ityhefu yelothe;
• Izifo metabolic ezifana lipidosis, histiocytosis kunye mucopolysaccharidosis;
• Neurofibromatosis;
• Isifo sokuqina kwemithambo (tuberous sclerosis).

Ukongeza, i-macrocephaly inokwenzeka ngenxa yezifo zamathambo, ikakhulu phakathi kweenyanga ezi-6 kunye neminyaka emi-2, njenge-osteoporosis, hypophosphatemia, osteogenesis engafezekanga kunye neerickets, esisifo esibonakaliswa kukungabikho kwe-vitamin D, eyi-vitamin enoxanduva Ukufakwa kwe calcium emathunjini kunye nokufakwa emathanjeni. Funda ngakumbi malunga neerickets.

Iimpawu kunye neempawu zemacrocephaly

Olona phawu luphambili lwe-macrocephaly yintloko enkulu kunesiqhelo kubudala bomntwana kunye nokwabelana ngesondo, nangona kunjalo ezinye iimpawu kunye neempawu zinokubonakala ngokonobangela we-macrocephaly, eyona iphambili yile:

• Ukulibaziseka kuphuhliso lwengqondo;
• Ukukhubazeka ngokwasemzimbeni;
• Ukudodobala kwengqondo;
• Ukuxhuzula;
• IHemiparesis, bubuthathaka bemisipha okanye ukukhubazeka kwicala elinye;
• Utshintsho kwimilo yokakayi;
• Utshintsho lwe-Neurological;
• Intloko ebuhlungu;
• Utshintsho lwengqondo.

Ubukho bayo nayiphi na le miqondiso okanye iimpawu zingabonakalisa i-macrocephaly, kwaye kubalulekile ukuba uye kugqirha wabantwana ukuze ufumane i-CP. Ukongeza ekulinganiseni i-CP kunye nokunxulumene nokukhula komntwana, isini kunye nobudala, ugqirha wabantwana uphinde avavanye iimpawu kunye neempawu, kuba ezinye zinxulumene kuphela nohlobo oluthile lwe-macrocephaly, kwaye zinokuqala unyango ngokukhawuleza. Ugqirha wabantwana unokucela ukwenziwa kovavanyo lwe-imaging, olufana nekhompyuter ye-tomography, i-rayografi kunye ne-magnetic resonance.

IMacrocephaly inokuchongwa kwanangaphambi kokubeleka ngokusebenza kwe-ultrasound yokubelekisa, apho i-CP ilinganiswa khona, kwaye ngale ndlela kunokwenzeka ukukhokela abasetyhini kunye neentsapho zabo kwinqanaba lokuqala.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Xa i-macrocephaly ingumzimba, oko kukuthi, xa ingabonakalisi umngcipheko kwimpilo yomntwana, akuyomfuneko ukuqala unyango oluthile, ukukhula komntwana kuhamba kunye kuphela. Nangona kunjalo, xa i-hydrocephalus, eyi-accumulation egqithisileyo yolwelo ekhakhayini, ibonwa kwakhona, utyando lunokuba yimfuneko ukukhupha ulwelo. Qonda indlela olwenziwa ngayo unyango lwe-hydrocephalus.

Ukongeza kunyango lunokwahluka ngokonobangela we-macrocephaly, inokwahluka ngokwempawu kunye neempawu ezithiwe thaca ngumntwana, ke, unyango lwengqondo, unyango lomzimba kunye neeseshoni zonyango lokuthetha kunokucetyiswa. Utshintsho kwindlela otya ngayo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamayeza athile kunokubonakaliswa, ngakumbi xa umntwana exhuzula.