UMaxilla

Umxholo

• Wenzani ithambo le-maxilla?
• Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba i-maxilla iyaqhekeka?
• Luluphi utyando olunokwenziwa kwi-maxilla?
• Imbonakalo

Ushwankathelo

I-maxilla yithambo elenza umhlathi wakho ongasentla. Isiqingatha sasekunene nesasekhohlo se-maxilla ngamathambo amile ngokungafaniyo adibana kunye embindini wokakayi, ezantsi kwempumlo, kwindawo eyaziwa ngokuba yi-intermaxillary suture.

I-maxilla lithambo elikhulu lobuso. Ikwayinxalenye yezi zinto zilandelayo zolukakayi lwakho:

• ithambo lomhlathi elingasentla, elibandakanya inkalakahla elukhuni ngaphambili emlonyeni wakho
• icandelo elisezantsi leziseko zakho zamehlo
• amacandelo asezantsi kunye namacala esono sakho kunye nemingxunya yempumlo

I-maxilla ikwadityaniswa kunye namanye amathambo abalulekileyo kugebhezi, kubandakanya:

• ithambo elingaphambili, elidibana namathambo empumlweni
• amathambo e-zygomatic, okanye amathambo esidleleni
• amathambo e-palatine, ayinxalenye yenkalakahla eqinileyo
• ithambo lempumlo, elenza ibhulorho yempumlo
• amathambo abambe i-alveoli yamazinyo, okanye iziseko zamazinyo
• inxalenye yebhony septum yakho yempumlo

I-maxilla inemisebenzi eliqela ephambili, kubandakanya:

• ubambe amazinyo aphezulu endaweni
• ukwenza ukuba ukakayi lube nzima
• ukwandisa ivolumu kunye nobunzulu belizwi lakho

Wenzani ithambo le-maxilla?

I-maxilla yinxalenye yendawo yokakayi yakho ebizwa ngokuba yi-viscerocranium. Yicinge njengenxalenye yobuso bekrele lakho. I-viscerocranium inamathambo kunye nezihlunu ezithatha inxaxheba kwimisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo yomzimba, njengokuhlafuna, ukuthetha nokuphefumla. Lo mmandla uqulethe imithambo-luvo ebalulekileyo kunye namakhaka emehlweni, kwingqondo nakwamanye amalungu omzimba ngexesha lokonzakala ebusweni.

Izihlunu ezininzi zobuso zidityaniswe kwi-maxilla kuzo zombini iindawo ezingaphakathi nangaphandle. Ezi zihlunu zikuvumela ukuba uhlafune, uncume, ufinge iintshiya, wenze ubuso, kwaye wenze neminye imisebenzi ebalulekileyo. Ezinye zezihlunu zibandakanya:

• ibuccinator: umsipha wesidlele okunceda ukubetha impempe, uncumo, kunye nokugcina ukutya kume emlonyeni wakho xa uhlafuna
• zygomaticus: esinye isihlunu esidleleni esinceda ukuphakamisa imiphetho yomlomo wakho xa uncuma; Ngamanye amaxesha, iifom zenze ulusu ngaphezulu
• ubunzima: umsipha obalulekileyo onceda ekuhlafunweni ngokuvula nangokuvala umhlathi

Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba i-maxilla iyaqhekeka?

Ukuqhekeka kwe-maxilla kwenzeka xa i-maxilla iqhekeka okanye yaphuka. Oku kuhlala kusenzeka ngenxa yokwenzakala ebusweni, njengokuwa, ingozi yemoto, ukubethwa ngenqindi, okanye ukubaleka uye entweni. Oku kwenzakala kunokuba kubalulekile.

Ukuqhekeka kweMaxilla kunye nezinye izinto ezaphukileyo ezenzeka ngaphambili ebusweni ziyaziwa nangokuthi ziqhekeza ebusweni. Oku kunokuhlelwa kusetyenziswa inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba:

• Le Fort I: Ukuqhekeka kwenzeka kumgca ongentla nangaphesheya komlomo ophezulu, ukwahlula amazinyo kwi-maxilla, kwaye kubandakanya icandelo elisezantsi leempumlo zempumlo.
• Le Fort II: Olu luqhekeko olunemilo engunxantathu olubandakanya amazinyo asezantsi kunye nebhulorho yempumlo kwindawo yayo ephezulu, kunye neziseko zamehlo kunye namathambo empumlo.
• Le Fort III: Ukuqhekeka kwenzeka ngaphesheya kwebhulorho yempumlo, ngokusebenzisa iziseko zamehlo, nangaphandle kwicala lobuso. Olu lolona hlobo lubi kakhulu lokwaphuka kobuso, oluhlala lubangelwa kukuphazamiseka ebusweni.

Iimpawu ezinokubakho zokuqhekeka kwe-maxilla zingabandakanya:

• impumlo
• ukutyumka ukujikeleza amehlo kunye nempumlo
• ukudumba kwesidlele
• Umhlathi ongafanelekanga
• ukubumba okungaqhelekanga ngapha kwempumlo
• ubunzima bokubona
• ukubona kabini
• Ukuba ndindisholo kumhlathi wakho ongasentla
• unengxaki yokuhlafuna, ukuthetha, okanye ukutya
• intlungu yomlomo wakho ophezulu kunye nomhlathi xa uhlafuna, uthetha, okanye utya
• amazinyo aqaqambayo okanye amazinyo awe

Ubunzima obunokubakho bokuqhekeka okungafunekiyo kwe-maxilla bunokubandakanya:

• ukuphulukana namandla okuhlafuna, ukuthetha, okanye ukutya ngesiqhelo
• ukuphazamiseka ngokusisigxina, ubuthathaka, okanye iintlungu emhlathini
• unengxaki yokunuka okanye ukungcamla
• unengxaki yokuphefumla ngeempumlo
• Ingqondo okanye umonakalo wentsholongwane ukusuka kwintlungu ukuya entloko

Luluphi utyando olunokwenziwa kwi-maxilla?

Utyando lwe-maxilla lunokwenziwa ukuba i-maxilla yakho okanye amathambo angqongileyo aphukile, aphukile, okanye onzakele ngandlela thile.

Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ngezinye iindlela ukuba ukwaphuka akunzima ngokwaneleyo ukuba kufuneke kwenziwe utyando kwaye kuya kuziphilisa ngokwakho. Kule meko, unokufuna ukutya ukutya okuthambileyo ukuvumela umhlathi wakho ukuba uphilise kwaye ubone ugqirha wakho rhoqo ukuze uhlolwe ukubeka esweni ukuphiliswa kwe-maxilla.

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ucebisa utyando lwe-maxilla eyaphukileyo kunye namanye amathambo, inkqubo yakho iya kuhlala inala manyathelo alandelayo:

1. Fumana uvavanyo lokuqala lwegazi kunye nolwezempilo, kubandakanya novavanyo lomzimba. Uya kudinga i-X-reyi, i-CT scan, kunye / okanye ii-MRIs. Uya kudinga ukusayina ifom yemvume.
2. Fika esibhedlele kwaye ungeniswe. Qinisekisa ukuba ucwangcise ixesha lokuphumla ngokweengcebiso zikagqirha wakho.
3. Guqula ube yigown yesibhedlele. Uya kulinda kwindawo yangaphambi kotyando kwaye udibane nogqirha wotyando kunye nengcali ngaphambi kokuba uye kutyando. Uya kubambeka kumgca we-intravenous (IV). Kwigumbi lokusebenza, uya kufumana i-anesthesia ngokubanzi.

Kuxhomekeke kubukhulu bokwenzakala kwakho, uluhlu olubanzi lokulungiswa kotyando lunokufuneka. Oogqirha bakho baya kuchaza ngokweenkcukacha uhlobo lotyando oludingayo, iinkqubo ezichaphazelekayo, ixesha lokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo, kunye nokulandela. Ubungakanani bokwenzakala, uhlobo lotyando, kunye nezinye iingxaki zonyango zichonga ukuba uza kuhlala ixesha elingakanani esibhedlele emva kotyando.

Kuxhomekeka kubungakanani bokwenzakala ebusweni bakho, entloko, emlonyeni, emazinyweni, emehlweni, okanye empumlweni, ungadinga iingcali ezahlukeneyo kubandakanya, ugqirha wamehlo, ugqirha womlomo, ii-neurosurgeons, ugqirha weplastiki, okanye i-ENT (indlebe, impumlo, umqala) oogqirha.

Utyando lunokuhlala iiyure ezininzi kuxhomekeke ekubeni zibi kangakanani na iziqhekeza. Kuya kufuneka uphinde ube notyando oluninzi kuxhomekeka kumonzakalo wakho.

Amathambo athabatha ixesha elide ukuphola. Kuxhomekeke ekulimaleni kwakho, kungathatha iinyanga ezimbini ukuya kwezine okanye nangaphezulu. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba ufuna ukukubona nini kwaye kaninzi kangakanani emva kotyando kwaye xa sele usekhaya.

Ngexesha lokunyanga, yenza oku kulandelayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba umhlathi wakho uyaphola:

• Landela nasiphi na isicwangciso sokutya esikunikwa ngugqirha wakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba umhlathi wakho awuxineki ngokuhlafuna ukutya okunzima okanye okunzima.
• Landela imiyalelo ethile malunga nomsebenzi.
• Landela imiyalelo ethile malunga nokhathalelo lwenxeba kunye nokukhuthaza ukunyanga, kubandakanya ukuba uza kubuya nini uye kuhlolwa.
• Thatha nayiphi na iyeza lokubulala iintsholongwane okanye amayeza ugqirha wakho amisela iintlungu kunye nosulelo.
• Musa ukubuyela emsebenzini, esikolweni, okanye kwezinye izinto eziqhelekileyo de ugqirha wakho athi kulungile.
• Sukwenza nawuphi na umthambo onzima.
• Musa ukutshaya kunye nokunciphisa utywala.

Imbonakalo

I-maxilla yakho ithambo elibalulekileyo kulwakhiwo lwentloko yakho kwaye lenza imisebenzi emininzi esisiseko, njengokuhlafuna nokumomotheka. Ukuba yaphukile, inokuchaphazela amanye amathambo abalulekileyo ayijikelezileyo kwaye ikugcine ekufezekiseni imisebenzi elula yemihla ngemihla.

Utyando lweMaxilla yinkqubo ekhuselekileyo nenqanaba eliphezulu lempumelelo. Ukuba ufumana nayiphi na ingozi ebusweni bakho okanye entloko, jonga ugqirha wakho kwangoko. Ukufumana uvavanyo lwako nakuphi na ukwenzakala kwangoko kubalulekile kunyango olufanelekileyo. Ukulandela yonke imiyalelo kagqirha wakho yokunyanga nakuphi na ukwaphuka kwe-maxilla yeyona ndlela ifanelekileyo yokuqinisekisa iziphumo ezilungileyo.