I-Methotrexate, isisombululo esizimeleyo

Umxholo

• Amagqabantshintshi e-methotrexate
• Izilumkiso ezibalulekileyo
• Izilumkiso ze-FDA
• Ezinye izilumkiso
• Yintoni imethotrexate?
• Kutheni isetyenziswa
• Ingaba isebenza kanjani
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zeMethotrexate
• Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazelekayo
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimandundu
• Gcinga ezingqondweni
• I-Methotrexate inokusebenzisana namanye amayeza
• Iziyobisi akufuneki uzisebenzise nge-methotrexate
• Ukudibana okwandisa umngcipheko weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga
• Ukudibana okunokwenza amayeza akho asebenze kancinci
• Izilumkiso zeMethotrexate
• Isilumkiso somzimba
• Isilumkiso sokunxibelelana notywala
• Izilumkiso zabantu abaneemeko ezithile zempilo
• Izilumkiso kwamanye amaqela
• Ungayithatha njani i-methotrexate
• Iifom zamachiza kunye namandla
• Isisombululo se-psoriasis
• Isisombululo se-rheumatoid arthritis
• Isisombululo se-polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)
• Thatha njengoko kuyalelwe
• Ukuqwalaselwa okubalulekileyo kokuthatha i-methotrexate
• Ngokubanzi
• Ukugcina
• Ukuzalisa kwakhona
• Ukuhamba
• Ukuzilawula
• Ukubeka iliso kwezonyango
• Ubuntununtunu belanga
• Ukufumaneka
• Iindleko ezifihliweyo
• Ngaphambi kogunyaziso
• Ngaba zikhona ezinye iindlela?

Amagqabantshintshi e-methotrexate

1. Isisombululo se-Methotrexate esizitofayo siyafumaneka njengohlobo oluqhelekileyo nanjengegama leziyobisi. Amagama eBrand: Rasuvo kunye neOtrexup.
2. IMethotrexate iza ngeendlela ezine: isisombululo esingena ngokwakho, isisombululo se-IV, ithebhulethi yomlomo, kunye nesisombululo somlomo. Kwisisombululo esingenawe ngokwakho, ungayifumana kumboneleli wezempilo, okanye wena okanye umnakekeli unokukunika ekhaya.
3. Isisombululo se-Methotrexate esisetyenziselwa ukusetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-psoriasis. Isetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-rheumatoid arthritis, kubandakanya ne-polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis.

Izilumkiso ezibalulekileyo

Izilumkiso ze-FDA

• Eli chiza linezilumkiso zebhokisi emnyama. Ezi zezona zilumkiso zinzima ezivela kuLawulo lokutya kunye noLawulo lweziyobisi (FDA). Izilumkiso zebhokisi emnyama malunga noogqirha kunye nezigulana malunga neziphumo zeziyobisi ezinokuba yingozi.
• Isilumkiso seengxaki zesibindi: I-Methotrexate inokubangela isifo sesibindi (i-fibrosis kunye ne-cirrhosis). Umngcipheko wakho unyusa ixesha elide ulithatha eli chiza.
• Isilumkiso seengxaki zemiphunga: I-Methotrexate inokubangela izilonda zemiphunga (izilonda). Esi siphumo sinokubakho nangaliphi na ixesha kunyango lwakho nangayo nayiphi na idosi. Ukuyeka unyango akunakubangela ukuba isilonda sihambe. Tsalela umnxeba kwangoko ukuba unengxaki yokuphefumla, ukuphefumla kancinci, iintlungu zesifuba, okanye ukukhwehlela okomileyo ngelixa uthatha eli chiza.
• Isilumkiso se-Lymphoma: I-Methotrexate iphakamisa umngcipheko we-malignant lymphoma (umhlaza wamajoni omzimba). Lo mngcipheko unokuhamba okanye ungahambi xa uyeka ukuthatha iyeza.
• Isilumkiso sokuphendula kolusu: I-Methotrexate inokubangela ukusabela kolusu olunokubulala (kubangele ukufa). Banokuhamba okanye bangayi kuhamba xa uyeka ukuthatha iyeza. Ukuba unempawu ezithile ngelixa uthatha eli chiza, biza ugqirha wakho okanye u-911 kwangoko. Ezi mpawu zibandakanya obomvu, ukudumba, ukudumba, okanye ukukhupha ulusu, irhashalala, umkhuhlane, amehlo abomvu okanye ocaphukisayo, okanye izilonda emlonyeni, emqaleni, empumlweni, okanye emehlweni.
• Isilumkiso sosulelo: I-Methotrexate inokwenza umzimba wakho ungabinakho ukulwa usulelo. Abantu abathatha eli chiza basemngciphekweni wokosulelwa zizifo ezinobungozi. Abantu abanosulelo olusebenzayo akufuneki baqale ukusebenzisa i-methotrexate de kube kunyangwa usulelo.
• Isilumkiso esiyingozi sokwakha: Ezinye iingxaki zempilo zinokuwenza umzimba wakho ulicacise eli chiza ngokuthe chu. Oku kunokubangela ukuba iyeza lakheke emzimbeni wakho kwaye lonyuse umngcipheko weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, ugqirha wakho unokunciphisa idosi yakho okanye ayeke unyango lwakho. Ngaphambi kokuba uqale eli chiza, xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba unengxaki yezintso, i-ascites (ulwelo esiswini sakho), okanye ulwelo oluncumisayo (ulwelo olujikeleze imiphunga).
• Isilumkiso sesifo se-tumor lysis: Ukuba unethumba elikhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye uthathe i-methotrexate, usemngciphekweni omkhulu wesifo se-tumor lysis. Le meko inokubulala (ibangele ukufa). Tsalela umnxeba kwangoko ukuba unayo nayiphi na impawu yesi sifo. Iimpawu zibandakanya ingxaki yokudlula komchamo, ubuthathaka bemisipha okanye iicramps, isisu esibuhlungu okanye ukungatyi, ukugabha, izitulo ezikhululekileyo, okanye ukuziva udangele. Babandakanya nokudlula, okanye ukubetha kwentliziyo okukhawulezayo okanye ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaziva kuyinto eqhelekileyo.
• Isilumkiso malunga nonyango olonyusa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga: Amanye amayeza kunye nokunyanga kunokunyusa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-methotrexate. Oku kubandakanya unyango ngemitha, ephakamisa umngcipheko wethambo okanye ukonakala kwemisipha. Oku kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwe-nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs). La mayeza aphakamisa umngcipheko weengxaki ngesisu sakho, isisu, okanye umongo wethambo. Ezi ngxaki zinokubulala (zibangele ukufa). Imizekelo yee-NSAID zibandakanya ibuprofen kunye ne-naproxen.
• Isilumkiso sokukhulelwa: I-Methotrexate inokwenzakalisa kakhulu okanye iphelise ukukhulelwa. Ukuba une-psoriasis okanye i-rheumatoid arthritis kwaye ukhulelwe, musa ukusebenzisa i-methotrexate kwaphela. Ukuba ukhulelwa ngelixa uthatha eli chiza, biza ugqirha wakho kwangoko. Eli chiza linokuchaphazela isidoda. Bobabini abesilisa nabasetyhini kufuneka basebenzise ulawulo lokuzalwa olusebenzayo ngexesha lonyango.
• Isilumkiso sephepha lesisu: I-Methotrexate inokubangela urhudo oluqatha. Isenokubangela i-ulcerative stomatitis, isifo esosulelayo somlomo esikhokelela ekudumbeni, kwiintsini zesiponji, kwizilonda nakumazinyo. Ukuba ezi ziphumo zenzeka, ugqirha wakho unokuluphazamisa unyango lwakho neli chiza.

Ezinye izilumkiso

• Isilumkiso esingalunganga sedosi: La mayeza kufuneka afakwe kanye ngeveki. Ukuthatha la mayeza yonke imihla kunokukhokelela ekufeni.
• Ukuba nesiyezi kunye nokudinwa: Eli yeza linokukwenza uzive unesiyezi okanye udiniwe. Musa ukuqhuba okanye usebenzise oomatshini abasindayo de ube uyazi ukuba ungasebenza ngokwesiqhelo.
• Isilumkiso se-Anesthesia: Eli chiza linokusebenzisana ne-anesthesia equlathe ichiza elibizwa ngokuba yi-nitrous oxide. Ukuba uya kuba nenkqubo yonyango efuna i-anesthesia, qiniseka ukuxelela ugqirha wakho kunye nodokotela ogqirha ukuba usebenzisa i-methotrexate.

Yintoni imethotrexate?

I-Methotrexate yonyango lonyango. Iza ngeendlela ezine: isisombululo esinakho, inaliti ye-IV, ithebhulethi yomlomo, kunye nesisombululo somlomo.

Kwisisombululo esizimeleyo, unokufumana inaliti kumboneleli wezempilo. Okanye, ukuba umboneleli wakho wezempilo uziva ukuba uyakwazi, banokukuqeqesha okanye umnakekeli wokuhambisa iyeza ekhaya.

Isisombululo se-Methotrexate esizitofayo siyafumaneka njengohlobo oluqhelekileyo nanjengegama leziyobisi Rasuvo kwaye Qalela.

Isisombululo se-Methotrexate esine-inaliti sinokusetyenziswa njengenxalenye yonyango oludibeneyo. Oko kuthetha ukuba unokufuna ukuyithatha kunye nezinye iziyobisi.

Kutheni isetyenziswa

Isisombululo se-Methotrexate esisetyenziselwa ukusetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-psoriasis. Isetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-rheumatoid arthritis, kubandakanya ne-polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).

Ingaba isebenza kanjani

I-Methotrexate ikudidi lweziyobisi ezibizwa ngokuba zii-antimetabolites, okanye i-folic acid antagonists. Iklasi leziyobisi liqela lamayeza asebenza ngendlela efanayo. La machiza ahlala esetyenziselwa ukunyanga iimeko ezifanayo.

IMethotrexate isebenza ngokwahlukileyo kwimeko nganye eziyenzayo. Ayaziwa ncam ukuba eli chiza lisebenza njani ukunyanga isifo samathambo (RA). I-RA sisifo samajoni omzimba. Kukholelwa ukuba i-methotrexate yenza buthathaka amajoni akho omzimba, anokunceda ukunciphisa iintlungu, ukudumba, kunye nokuqina kweRA.

Kwi-psoriasis, i-methotrexate yehlisa isantya sokuba umzimba wakho uvelise uluhlu olungaphezulu lolusu lwakho. Oku kunceda ukunyanga iimpawu ze-psoriasis, ezibandakanya iindawo ezomileyo, ezinqabileyo zolusu.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zeMethotrexate

Isisombululo esingena ngenaliti kwimethotrexate sinokubangela ukozela. Musa ukuqhuba okanye usebenzise oomatshini abasindayo de ube uyazi ukuba ungasebenza ngesiqhelo.

I-Methotrexate inokubangela ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazelekayo

Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazelekayo ze-methotrexate zingabandakanya:

• isicaphucaphu okanye ukugabha
• isisu esibuhlungu okanye ukukhathazeka
• urhudo
• ukulahleka kweenwele
• ukudinwa
• isiyezi
• Ukugodola
• intloko ebuhlungu
• izilonda emiphungeni yakho
• izilonda zomlomo
• izilonda ezibuhlungu zolusu
• inyumoniya
• ifiva
• ukutyumka ngokulula
• ukwanda kwengozi yosulelo
• ubuntununtunu belanga
• irhashalala
• impumlo exineneyo okanye egobayo kunye nomqala obuhlungu
• iziphumo ezingaqhelekanga kuvavanyo lwesibindi (zinokubonisa ukonakala kwesibindi)
• amanqanaba eseli ephantsi egazi

Ukuba ezi ziphumo zincinci, zinokuhamba zingaphelanga iintsuku okanye iiveki ezimbalwa. Ukuba zinzima kakhulu okanye azihambi, thetha nogqirha wakho okanye usokhemesti.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimandundu

Shayela ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza ukuba unemiphumo emibi. Tsalela umnxeba ku-911 ukuba iimpawu zakho ziziva zisongela ubomi okanye ukuba ucinga ukuba unempilo kaxakeka. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimandundu kunye neempawu zazo zinokubandakanya oku kulandelayo:

• Ukopha okungaqhelekanga. Iimpawu zingabandakanya:
  • ukugabha okunegazi okanye okufana nekofu
  • ukhohlela igazi
  • igazi kwisitulo sakho, okanye emnyama, isitulo sokulinda
  • ukopha kwiintsini zakho
  • ukopha okungaqhelekanga kwilungu lobufazi
  • ukwanda kokugruzuka
• Iingxaki zesibindi. Iimpawu zingabandakanya:
  • umchamo omnyama-mnyama
  • ukugabha
  • iintlungu esiswini sakho
  • ubumthubi besikhumba sakho okanye ezimhlophe zamehlo akho
  • ukudinwa
  • ukungabikho komdla
  • izitulo ezikhanyayo
• Iingxaki zezintso. Iimpawu zingabandakanya:
  • ukungakwazi ukugqithisa umchamo
  • ukuncipha kokuchama
  • igazi kumchamo wakho
  • obalulekileyo okanye ngokukhawuleza ukuzuza ubunzima
• Iingxaki zepancreas. Iimpawu zingabandakanya:
  • iintlungu eziqatha esiswini sakho
  • iintlungu eziqatha zomqolo
  • isisu esimoshakele
  • ukugabha
• Izilonda zemiphunga (izilonda). Iimpawu zingabandakanya:
  • ukukhwehlela okomileyo okungavelisi phlegm
  • ifiva
  • ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• I-Lymphoma (umhlaza). Iimpawu zingabandakanya:
  • ukudinwa
  • ifiva
  • Ukugodola
  • ukuhla ukusinda
  • Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya
• Ukuphendula kolusu. Iimpawu zingabandakanya:
  • irhashalala
  • bomvu
  • ukudumba
  • amadyungudyungu
  • ulusu oluxobukayo
• Usulelo. Iimpawu zingabandakanya:
  • ifiva
  • Ukugodola
  • umqala obuhkungu
  • ukukhohlela
  • indlebe okanye intlungu yesono
  • amathe okanye incindi enyuka ngesixa okanye umbala owahlukileyo kunesiqhelo
  • iintlungu ngelixa uchama
  • izilonda zomlomo
  • amanxeba angenakuphola
  • ukurhawuzelela ezimpundu
• Ukonakala kwethambo kunye neentlungu
• Ukonakala komongo wethambo. Iimpawu zingabandakanya:
  • amanqanaba egazi amhlophe asezantsi, anokubangela usulelo
  • amanqanaba egazi abomvu asezantsi, anokubangela i-anemia (eneempawu zokudinwa, ulusu olumhlophe, ukuphefumla kancinci, okanye izinga lentliziyo elikhawulezayo)
  • amanqanaba eeplatelet asezantsi, anokukhokelela ekopha

Iphepha elichazayo ukuba awusenanto oyifunayo: Injongo yethu kukukunika olona lwazi lufanelekileyo nolukhoyo ngoku. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba iziyobisi zichaphazela umntu ngamnye ngokwahlukileyo, asinakuqinisekisa ukuba olu lwazi lubandakanya zonke iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho. Olu lwazi aluthathi ndawo yengcebiso yezonyango. Soloko uxoxa ngeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokwenzeka kunye nomboneleli wezempilo oyaziyo imbali yakho yezonyango.

Gcinga ezingqondweni

• Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni (amanqanaba asezantsi amanzi emzimbeni wakho) anokuzenza mandundu iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zeli chiza. Qiniseka ukuba usele amanzi ngokwaneleyo ngaphambi kokuba uthathe eli chiza.
• I-Methotrexate inokubangela izilonda zomlomo. Ukuthatha isongezelelo se-folic acid kunokunciphisa oku. Inokukunceda ukunciphisa izintso ezithile okanye iziphumo zesibindi kwi-methotrexate. Ugqirha wakho unokukuxelela ngakumbi.

I-Methotrexate inokusebenzisana namanye amayeza

Isisombululo esingena ngaphakathi kwiMethotrexate sinokusebenzisana namanye amayeza, iivithamini, okanye imifuno onokuthi uyithathe. Unxibelelwano kuxa into isitshintsha indlela esebenza ngayo iyeza. Oku kunokuba yingozi okanye kuthintele ichiza ekusebenzeni kakuhle.

Ukukunceda ukunqanda ukusebenzisana, ugqirha wakho kufuneka alawule onke amayeza ngononophelo. Qiniseka ukuba uxelela ugqirha wakho ngawo onke amayeza, iivithamini, okanye imifuno oyithathayo. Ukufumanisa ukuba eli chiza linokusebenzisana njani nenye into oyithathayo, thetha nogqirha wakho okanye usokhemesti.

Imizekelo yamachiza anokubangela ukuhlangana kunye ne-methotrexate zidweliswe apha ngezantsi.

Iziyobisi akufuneki uzisebenzise nge-methotrexate

Musa ukuthatha la mayeza nge-methotrexate. Xa zisetyenziswa kunye ne-methotrexate, la machiza anokubangela iziphumo eziyingozi emzimbeni wakho. Imizekelo yala machiza ibandakanya:

• Amayeza okugonya aphilayo. Xa isetyenziswa kunye ne-methotrexate, izitofu zokuphila ziphakamisa umngcipheko wosulelo. Isitofu sokugonya sisenokungasebenzi ngokunjalo. (Amayeza okugonya aphilayo, anjengeFluMist, zizitofu eziqulethe izixa ezincinane zokuphila, kodwa ezibuthathaka, iintsholongwane.)

Ukudibana okwandisa umngcipheko weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga

Ukunyuka kweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezivela kwamanye amayeza: Ukuthatha i-methotrexate ngamayeza athile kunyusa umngcipheko weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezivela kula machiza. Imizekelo yala machiza ibandakanya:

• Ezinye iziyobisi zesifuba ezifana ne-theophylline. Ukunyuka kweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunokubandakanya ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza.

Iziphumo ezonyukayo ezivela kwi-methotrexate: Ukuthatha i-methotrexate ngamayeza athile kunyusa umngcipheko weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezivela kwimethotrexate. Kungenxa yokuba inani lemethotrexate emzimbeni wakho linokunyuswa. Imizekelo yala machiza ibandakanya:

• Izidakamizwa ezichasayo ezichasayo (i-NSAID) ezifana ne-ibuprofen, naproxen, i-aspirin, i-diclofenac, i-etodolac, okanye i-ketoprofen. Ukunyuka kweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunokubandakanya ukopha, iingxaki ngomongo wethambo lakho, okanye iingxaki ezinzulu zokugaya ukutya. Ezi ngxaki zinokubulala (zibangele ukufa).
• Izidakamizwa zokubamba ezifana ne-phenytoin. Ukunyuka kweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunokubandakanya isisu esibuhlungu, ukulahleka kweenwele, ukudinwa, ubuthathaka kunye nesiyezi.
• Iziyobisi zeGout ezinje nge probenecid. Ukunyuka kweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunokubandakanya isisu esibuhlungu, ukulahleka kweenwele, ukudinwa, ubuthathaka kunye nesiyezi.
• Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane afana nepenicillin, aquka i-amoxicillin, i-ampicillin, i-cloxacillin kunye ne-nafcillin. Ukunyuka kweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunokubandakanya isisu esibuhlungu, ukulahleka kweenwele, ukudinwa, ubuthathaka kunye nesiyezi.
• Iiproton pump inhibitors ezinje nge-omeprazole, pantoprazole, okanye esomeprazole. Ukunyuka kweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunokubandakanya isisu esibuhlungu, ukulahleka kweenwele, ukudinwa, ubuthathaka kunye nesiyezi.
• Iziyobisi zesikhumba ezinjengee-retinoids. Ukunyuka kweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunokubandakanya iingxaki zesibindi.
• Iziyobisi ezithunyelwa emva kotyando ezifana ne-azathioprine. Ukunyuka kweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunokubandakanya iingxaki zesibindi.
• Iziyobisi anti-ukudumba ezifana sulfasalazine. Ukunyuka kweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunokubandakanya iingxaki zesibindi.
• Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane afana ne-trimethoprim / sulfamethoxazole. Ukunyuka kweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunokubandakanya umongo womongo.
• Initrous oxide, iyeza lokubulala iintlungu. Ukunyuka kweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunokubandakanya izilonda zomlomo, ukonakala kwethambo, kunye nokunciphisa ukubalwa kweeseli zegazi ezinokunyusa umngcipheko wosulelo.

Ukudibana okunokwenza amayeza akho asebenze kancinci

Xa i-methotrexate ingasebenzi kakuhle: Xa i-methotrexate isetyenziswa ngamachiza athile, isenokungasebenzi kakuhle ukunyanga imeko yakho. Kungenxa yokuba isixa semethotrexate emzimbeni wakho sinokuhla. Imizekelo yala machiza ibandakanya:

• Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane afana netetracycline, chloramphenicol, okanye lawo asebenza kwintsholongwane yamathumbu akho (njengevancomycin). Ugqirha wakho unokuhlengahlengisa idosi yakho yemethotrexate.

Iphepha elichazayo ukuba awusenanto oyifunayo: Injongo yethu kukukunika olona lwazi lufanelekileyo nolukhoyo ngoku. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba iziyobisi zinxibelelana ngokwahlukileyo kumntu ngamnye, asinakuqinisekisa ukuba olu lwazi lubandakanya lonke unxibelelwano olunokwenzeka. Olu lwazi aluthathi ndawo yengcebiso yezonyango. Soloko uthetha nomboneleli wakho wezempilo malunga nokunxibelelana okunokubakho nawo onke amayeza amiselweyo, iivithamini, amayeza kunye nezongezo, kunye namayeza owathethayo.

Izilumkiso zeMethotrexate

Eli chiza liza nezilumkiso ezininzi.

Isilumkiso somzimba

I-Methotrexate inokubangela ukungabikho komzimba. Iimpawu zingabandakanya:

• ingxaki yokuphefumla
• ukudumba komqala okanye ulwimi lwakho
• urhwebo

Ukuba uvelisa ezi mpawu, tsalela umnxeba ku-911 okanye uye kwigumbi lexakeka elikufutshane.

Sukuphinda ulithathe eli chiza ukuba ukhe waba negazi kulo. Ukuyithatha kwakhona kunokuba yingozi (kubangele ukufa).

Isilumkiso sokunxibelelana notywala

Kunqabe ukusela utywala xa uthatha i-methotrexate. Utywala bunokunyusa iziphumo ze-methotrexate kwisibindi sakho. Oku kunokubangela ukonakala kwesibindi okanye ukuqaqambisa iingxaki zesibindi osele unazo.

Izilumkiso zabantu abaneemeko ezithile zempilo

Kubantu abanesifo sesibindi: Sukusebenzisa i-methotrexate ukuba unembali yeengxaki zesibindi, kubandakanya iingxaki zesibindi ezinxulumene notywala. Eli chiza linokwenza isibindi sakho sisebenze ngakumbi. Ukuba ugqirha wakho umisela eli chiza, baya kuthatha isigqibo somthamo wakho ngokuyinxalenye esekwe kwimpilo yakho yesibindi. Kuxhomekeka kwinqanaba lesifo sesibindi, ugqirha wakho unokuthatha isigqibo sokuba awufanele uthathe imethotrexate.

Kubantu abanamajoni omzimba abuthathaka: Sukusebenzisa i-methotrexate ukuba une-immune system ebuthathaka okanye usulelo olusebenzayo. Eli chiza linokuzenza mandundu ezi ngxaki.

Kubantu abanesibalo esisezantsi segazi: Oku kubandakanya ukubalwa okuphantsi kweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi, iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, okanye iiplatelets. I-Methotrexate inokwenza amanqanaba eseli egazi asezantsi abe mandundu.

Kubantu abanesifo sezintso: Ukuba uneengxaki zezintso okanye imbali yesifo sezintso, ngekhe ube nakho ukulicoca kakuhle eli chiza emzimbeni wakho. Oku kunokunyusa amanqanaba e-methotrexate emzimbeni wakho kwaye kubangele iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezininzi. Eli chiza linokubangela iingxaki ekusebenzeni kwezintso okanye libangele ukuba izintso zakho zisilele, zikhokelele kwisidingo se-dialysis. Ukuba ugqirha wakho umisela eli chiza, baya kuthatha isigqibo somthamo wakho ngokuyinxalenye esekwe kwimpilo yakho yezintso. Ukuba umonakalo wakho wezintso unzima, ugqirha wakho unokuthatha isigqibo sokuba awufanele uthathe i-methotrexate.

Kubantu abanezilonda okanye izilonda zesisu: Sukusebenzisa i-methotrexate. La mayeza angenza le meko ibe mandundu ngokwandisa umngcipheko wezilonda (izilonda) kwindawo yakho yesisu.

Kubantu abanezilonda ezikhula ngokukhawuleza: I-Methotrexate inokubangela i-tumor lysis syndrome. Le meko inokwenzeka emva konyango lwee-cancer ezithile. Ingabangela iingxaki kumanqanaba akho e-electrolyte, anokukhokelela kukusilela kwezintso okanye nokufa.

Kubantu abane-pleural effusion okanye i-ascites: Ukuchithwa kwe-Pleural kulwelo olujikeleze imiphunga. I-Ascites yincindi esiswini sakho. IMethotrexate inokuhlala emzimbeni wakho ixesha elide ukuba unazo ezi ngxaki zonyango. Oku kunokukhokelela kwiziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezingaphezulu.

Kubantu abane-psoriasis eworse ngenxa yokuvezwa kukukhanya: Ukuba une-psoriasis eya isiba mandundu kwimitha ye-ultraviolet (UV) okanye ukukhanya elangeni, imethotrexate inokubangela ukuba le mpendulo iphinde yenzeke.

Izilumkiso kwamanye amaqela

Abafazi abakhulelweyo: I-Methotrexate inokubangela ingozi enkulu ekukhulelweni. Inokubangela iingxaki zokuzala (yenza kube nzima ukukhulelwa). Abantu abane-RA okanye i-psoriasis akufuneki basebenzise eli chiza ngexesha lokukhulelwa.

Ukuba ungumfazi okwiminyaka yokuzala, ugqirha wakho uya kukunika uvavanyo lokukhulelwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba awukhulelwanga ngaphambi kokuqala eli chiza. Kuya kufuneka usebenzise ulawulo lokuzalwa olusebenzayo ngexesha lonyango lwakho kunye nokuba ubuncinci kumjikelo wokuya esikhathini emva kokuyeka unyango ngeli chiza. Biza ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuba:

• ndiphoswe lixesha
• cinga ukuba ulawulo lwakho lokuzalwa aluzange lusebenze
• ukhulelwe ngelixa uthatha eli chiza

Ukuba uyindoda, kuya kufuneka usebenzise ulawulo olusebenzayo lokuzalwa ngexesha lonyango lwakho kwaye ubuncinci iinyanga ezi-3 emva kokuba unyango lwakho luphelile.

Kubafazi abancancisayo: IMethotrexate idlula kubisi lwebele kwaye inokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga emntwaneni oncanciswa. Musa ukuncancisa ngelixa uthatha i-methotrexate. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nendlela efanelekileyo yokondla umntwana wakho.

Kubantu abadala: Kungenzeka ukuba ube neengxaki ngesibindi, izintso, okanye umongo wethambo ngelixa uthatha i-methotrexate. Kukwanokwenzeka ukuba ube namanqanaba asezantsi e-folic acid. Ugqirha wakho kufuneka abeke esweni oku kunye nezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Kubantwana: Kwi-psoriasis: Eli nyango alifundiswanga kubantwana abane-psoriasis. Ayifanele isetyenziselwe ukunyanga le meko kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18.

I-polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis: Eli yeza lifundwe kubantwana abaneminyaka emi-2-16 ubudala ngale meko.

Ungayithatha njani i-methotrexate

Zonke iidosi ezinokwenzeka kunye neefom zamachiza azinakufakwa apha. Umthamo wakho, ifom yeziyobisi, kunye nokuba ulithatha kangaphi iziyobisi kuya kuxhomekeka:

• iminyaka yakho
• imeko inyangwa
• imbi kangakanani imeko yakho
• ezinye iimeko zonyango onazo
• usabela njani kwidosi yokuqala

Iifom zamachiza kunye namandla

Ngokwesiqhelo: imethotrexate

• Ifom: inaliti ongama (igutyana)
• Amandla:
  • 1 gm / 40 mL (25 mg / mL)
  • 50 mg / 2 ml
  • 100 mg / 4 ml
  • 200 mg / 8 ml
  • 250 mg / 10 ml

Igama lebrand: Qalela

• Ifom: inaliti engaphantsi (auto-injaktha)
• Amandla: 10 mg / 0.4 mL, 12.5 mg / 0.4 mL, 15 mg / 0.4 mL, 17.5 mg / 0.4 mL, 20 mg / 0.4 mL, 22.5 mg / 0.4 mL, 25 mg / 0.4 ml

Igama lebrand: Rasuvo

• Ifom: inaliti engaphantsi (auto-injaktha)
• Amandla: 7.5 mg / 0.15 mL, 10 mg / 0.2 ml, 12.5 mg / 0.25 mL, 15 mg / 0.3 mL, 17.5 mg / 0.35 mL, 20 mg / 0.4 mL, 22.5 mg / 0.45 mL, 25 mg / 0.5 ml, 30 mg /0.6 ml

Isisombululo se-psoriasis

Idosi yabantu abadala (iminyaka eyi-18-64 iminyaka)

• Imilinganiselo yokuqala yesiqhelo: 10-25 mg kanye ngeveki.
• Ubungakanani obukhulu: 30 mg kanye ngeveki.

Umthamo womntwana (iminyaka eyi-0-17 iminyaka)

Eli chiza alifakwanga likhuselekile kwaye lisebenza kunyango lwe-psoriasis kweli qela leminyaka.

Umthamo omkhulu (iminyaka eyi-65 nangaphezulu)

Izintso zakho zisenokungasebenzi kakuhle njengangaphambili. Oku kunokubangela ukuba umzimba wakho uqhubekeke neziyobisi ngokuthe chu. Ngenxa yoko, isixa esiphezulu seziyobisi sinokuhlala emzimbeni wakho ixesha elide. Oku kuphakamisa umngcipheko weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Ugqirha wakho unokukuqala kwidosi esezantsi okanye ishedyuli eyahlukileyo yedosi. Oku kunokunceda ukugcina amanqanaba eli chiza ekwakheni kakhulu emzimbeni wakho.

Isisombululo se-rheumatoid arthritis

Idosi yabantu abadala (iminyaka eyi-17-64 iminyaka)

• Ukuqala kwesiqhelo: 7.5 mg kanye ngeveki.

Umthamo womntwana (iminyaka eyi-0-17 iminyaka)

Eli chiza alivunyelwanga ukunyanga i-RA ebantwaneni.

Umthamo omkhulu (iminyaka eyi-65 nangaphezulu)

Izintso zabantu abadala zingasasebenzi ngendlela ababeqhele ukusebenza ngayo. Oku kunokubangela ukuba umzimba wakho uqhubekeke neziyobisi ngokuthe chu. Ngenxa yoko, amachiza amaninzi anokuhlala emzimbeni wakho ixesha elide. Oku kuphakamisa umngcipheko weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Ugqirha wakho unokukuqala ngedosi esezantsi okanye ishedyuli eyahlukileyo yedosi. Oku kunokunceda ukugcina amanqanaba eli chiza ekwakheni kakhulu emzimbeni wakho.

Isisombululo se-polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)

Umthamo womntwana (iminyaka eyi-2-16 iminyaka)

• Imilinganiselo yokuqala yesiqhelo: i-10 mg ngemitha nganye ephindwe kabini (m2) yommandla womzimba, kube kanye ngeveki.

Umthamo womntwana (iminyaka eyi-0-1 unyaka)

Eli chiza aliboniswanga ukuba likhuselekile kwaye liyasebenza kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2.

Iphepha elichazayo ukuba awusenanto oyifunayo: Injongo yethu kukukunika olona lwazi lufanelekileyo nolukhoyo ngoku. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba iziyobisi zichaphazela umntu ngamnye ngokwahlukileyo, asinakuqinisekisa ukuba olu luhlu lubandakanya zonke iidosi ezinokubakho. Olu lwazi aluthathi ndawo yengcebiso yezonyango. Soloko uthetha nogqirha wakho okanye usokhemesti malunga needosi ezikulungeleyo.

Thatha njengoko kuyalelwe

I-Methotrexate isetyenziselwa unyango lwexesha elifutshane okanye lexesha elide. Ubude bonyango lwakho buxhomekeke kwimeko yokuphathwa. Eli chiza liza nomngcipheko omkhulu ukuba awuyithathi njengoko kumiselwe.

Ukuba uyeka ukuthatha iyeza ngesiquphe okanye ungathathi kwaphela: Unokuba neengxaki ezixhomekeke kwimeko yokuphathwa.

• YeRA okanye iJIA: Iimpawu zakho, ezinje ngokudumba kunye nentlungu, zisenokungahambi okanye zibe mbi ngakumbi.
• Psoriasis: Iimpawu zakho zisenokungaphucuki. Ezi mpawu zinokubandakanya ukurhawuzelela, iintlungu, amabala abomvu esikhumba, okanye isilivere okanye umaleko omhlophe wolusu olunamaxolo.

Ukuba uphosa idosi okanye awuthathi ichiza kwishedyuli: Amayeza akho anokungasebenzi kakuhle okanye angayeka ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo. Ukuze eli chiza lisebenze kakuhle, isixa esithile kufuneka sibe semzimbeni wakho ngalo lonke ixesha.

Ukuba uthatha kakhulu: Unokuba namanqanaba ayingozi amachiza emzimbeni wakho. Ukugqithisa ngokweqile kunokubangela iingxaki ezibandakanya:

• amanqanaba egazi amhlophe asezantsi kunye nosulelo, eneempawu ezinje ngomkhuhlane, ukugodola, ukukhohlela, iintlungu zomzimba, iintlungu xa uchama, okanye amabala amhlophe emqaleni wakho
• amanqanaba egazi abomvu asezantsi kunye ne-anemia, eneempawu ezinje ngokudinwa kakhulu, ulusu olumhlophe, ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza, okanye ukuphefumla kancinci
• amanqanaba eeplatelet asezantsi kunye nokopha okungaqhelekanga, njengokuphuma kwegazi okungayi kuyeka, ukukhwehlela igazi, ukugabha igazi, okanye igazi kumchamo wakho okanye izitulo
• izilonda zomlomo
• iziphumo ezibi zesisu, ezinjengeentlungu, isicaphucaphu, okanye ukugabha

Ukuba ucinga ukuba uthathe eli chiza kakhulu, tsalela ugqirha okanye indawo yolawulo lwetyhefu yendawo. Ukuba iimpawu zakho zinzima, tsalela umnxeba ku-911 okanye uye kwigumbi likaxakeka elikufutshane ngoko nangoko.

Yintoni omele uyenze xa uphosa idosi: Thatha idosi yakho ngokukhawuleza ukuba ukhumbule. Ukuba ukhumbula iiyure ezimbalwa ngaphambi kwethamo lakho elilandelayo, thabatha idosi enye kuphela. Ungaze uzame ukubamba ngokuthatha iidosi ezimbini ngaxeshanye. Oku kunokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziyingozi.

Ungaxela njani ukuba ichiza liyasebenza: Unokuba neempawu zokuphucula. Baxhomekeke kwimeko yokunyangwa.

• YeRA okanye iJIA: Kuya kufuneka ube neentlungu ezincinci kunye nokudumba. Abantu bahlala bebona ukuphuculwa kweeveki ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6 emva kokuqala amayeza.
• Psoriasis: Kuya kufuneka ube nesikhumba esomileyo esincinci.

Ukuqwalaselwa okubalulekileyo kokuthatha i-methotrexate

Gcina ezi ngqwalaselo engqondweni ukuba ugqirha wakho ukumisela i-methotrexate.

Ngokubanzi

• Thatha eli chiza ngexesha (ama) elinconyelwe ngugqirha wakho.

Ukugcina

• Gcina isisombululo se-methotrexate enesitofu kubushushu bamagumbi, phakathi kwe-59 ° F kunye ne-86 ° F (15 ° C kunye ne-30 ° C).
• Gcina la mayeza kude nokukhanya.
• Sukugcina eli yeza kwiindawo ezifumileyo okanye ezimanzi, ezinjengezindlu zangasese.

Ukuzalisa kwakhona

Imigqaliselo yolu nyango iyahlaziywa. Akunyanzelekanga ukuba ufune iyeza elitsha ukuze eli gciwane lizaliswe kwakhona. Ugqirha wakho uza kubhala inani lezinto ezigcwalisiweyo kugunyaziswe ngugqirha wakho.

Ukuhamba

Xa uhamba namayeza akho:

• Soloko uphatha amayeza akho kunye nawe. Xa ubhabha, ungaze uyibeke kwingxowa ekhangelwe. Yigcine kwibhegi yakho yokuqhubela phambili.
• Musa ukuzikhathaza ngoomatshini beX-ray kwisikhululo seenqwelo-moya. Abakwazi ukulimaza amayeza akho.
• Kusenokufuneka ubonise abasebenzi besikhululo seenqwelomoya ilebhile yekhemesti yakho. Soloko uphatha ikhonteyina eneleta emiselweyo yentsusa.
• Musa ukubeka eli yeza kwigumbi leglavu lemoto yakho okanye ulishiye emotweni. Qiniseka ukuthintela ukwenza oku xa imozulu ishushu kakhulu okanye ibanda kakhulu.

Ukuzilawula

Ukuba uya kutofa ngokwakho i-methotrexate, umboneleli wakho wezononophelo lwempilo uya kukubonisa okanye umkhathalele ukuba enze njani. Akufanele ulitofe iyeza de ube uqeqeshiwe ngendlela eyiyo yokwenza. Qinisekisa ukuba ukhululekile ngenkqubo, kwaye ungalibali ukubuza umboneleli wakho wezempilo nayiphi na imibuzo onayo.

Ngenaliti nganye, uya kudinga:

• gauze
• iibhola zomqhaphu
• utywala busula
• ibhandeji
• isixhobo soqeqesho (esinikezwe ngugqirha wakho)

Ukubeka iliso kwezonyango

Ugqirha wakho angenza iimvavanyo ngexesha lonyango lwakho ukuze aqiniseke ukuba amayeza awonakalisi umzimba wakho. Olu vavanyo lunokubandakanya uvavanyo lwegazi kunye ne-x-reyi, kwaye unokujonga oku kulandelayo:

• amanqanaba eseli yegazi
• amanqanaba eplatelet
• ukusebenza kwesibindi
• amanqanaba e-albin yegazi
• umsebenzi wezintso
• umsebenzi wemiphunga
• inqanaba lemethotrexate emzimbeni wakho
• inani le-calcium, i-phosphate, i-potassium kunye ne-uric acid egazini lakho

Ubuntununtunu belanga

I-Methotrexate inokwenza ulusu lwakho lubuthathaka ngakumbi elangeni. Oku kwandisa umngcipheko wokutshiswa lilanga. Gwema ilanga ukuba unako. Ukuba awukwazi, qiniseka ukunxiba impahla ekhuselayo kwaye uthambise i-sunscreen.

Ukufumaneka

Ayizizo zonke iikhemesti ezigcina eli chiza. Xa ugcwalisa amayeza akho, qiniseka ukutsalela umnxeba phambili ukuze uqiniseke ukuba ikhemesti yakho iyayiphatha.

Iindleko ezifihliweyo

• Kuya kufuneka ukuba wenze uvavanyo lwegazi ngexesha lonyango lwakho nge-methotrexate. Iindleko zolu vavanyo ziya kuxhomekeka kwi-inshurensi yakho.
• Uya kudinga ukuthenga ezi zinto zilandelayo ukuze uzenzele ngokwakho iyeza:
  • gauze
  • iibhola zomqhaphu
  • utywala busula
  • iibhandeji

Ngaphambi kogunyaziso

Iinkampani ezininzi zeinshurensi zifuna ukugunyazwa kwangaphambili kwesi siyobisi. Oku kuthetha ukuba ugqirha wakho uyakufuna ukufumana imvume kwinkampani yeinshurensi ngaphambi kokuba inkampani yakho yeinshurensi ihlawule amayeza.

Ngaba zikhona ezinye iindlela?

Kukho ezinye iziyobisi ezikhoyo ukunyanga imeko yakho. Abanye banokukulungela ngcono kunabanye. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngezinye iindlela zamachiza ezinokusebenzela wena.

Iphepha elichazayo ukuba awusenanto oyifunayo:Iindaba Zonyango Namhlanje wenze yonke imizamo yokuqinisekisa ukuba yonke ingcaciso ichanekile, ibanzi kwaye ihlaziyiwe. Nangona kunjalo, eli nqaku akufuneki lisetyenziswe endaweni yolwazi kunye nobuchule bengcali yezempilo enelayisensi. Kuya kufuneka usoloko uqhagamshelana nogqirha wakho okanye nolunye uqeqesho kwezonyango ngaphambi kokuba uthathe nawaphi na amayeza. Ulwazi lweziyobisi oluqulethwe apha luyakwazi ukutshintsha kwaye alujoliswanga ekusetyenzisweni konke okunokwenzeka, imikhombandlela, izilumkiso, izilumkiso, ukuhlangana kweziyobisi, ukungahambelani komzimba, okanye iziphumo ezibi.Ukungabikho kwezilumkiso okanye olunye ulwazi ngesiyobisi esinikiweyo akubonisi ukuba indibaniselwano yeziyobisi ikhuselekile, iyasebenza, okanye ifanelekile kuzo zonke izigulana okanye konke ukusetyenziswa okuthile.