Yintoni ekufuneka uyazi malunga novavanyo lwe-MMPI

Umxholo

• Yintoni iMMPI-2?
• Ngaba zikhona ezinye iinguqulelo?
• Isetyenziselwa ntoni?
• Zithini izikali zeklinikhi ze-MMPI?
• Inqanaba 1: IHypochondriasis
• Inqanaba 2: Uxinzelelo
• Inqanaba 3: IHysteria
• Inqanaba 4: Ukuphambuka kwengqondo
• Isikali 5: Ubudoda / ubufazi
• Inqanaba 6: IParanoia
• Isikali 7: I-Psychasthenia
• Inqanaba 8: ISchizophrenia
• Inqanaba 9: IHypomania
• Inqanaba 10: Ukungeniswa kwezentlalo
• Kuthekani ngezikali zokuqinisekisa?
• I "L" okanye isikali sokuxoka
• Isikali "F"
• Isikali "K"
• Isikali se-CNS
• Isikali seTRIN kunye neVRIN
• Isikali seFb
• Isikali se-Fp
• Isikali seFBS
• Isikali "S"
• Lubandakanya ntoni uvavanyo?
• Umgca wezantsi

I-Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) lolunye lolona vavanyo lusetyenziswa ngokuxhaphakileyo kwezengqondo kwihlabathi.

Uvavanyo lwaphuhliswa ngugqirha wezengqondo u-Starke Hathaway kunye ne-neuropsychiatrist JC McKinley, amalungu amabini e-University of Minnesota. Yenziwe ukuba ibe sisixhobo seengcali zempilo yengqondo ukunceda ukufumanisa ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo.

Ukusukela ekupapashweni kwayo ngo-1943, uvavanyo luye lwahlaziywa amatyeli amaninzi ngelizama ukuphelisa ubuhlanga kunye nesini kunye nokwenza ukuba ichaneke ngakumbi. Uvavanyo oluhlaziyiweyo, olubizwa ngokuba yi-MMPI-2, luye lwahlengahlengiswa ukuze lusetyenziswe kumazwe angaphezu kwama-40.

Eli nqaku liza kujonga ngakumbi kuvavanyo lwe-MMPI-2, ukuba lusetyenziselwa ntoni, kwaye yintoni enokukunceda ukufumanisa isifo.

Yintoni iMMPI-2?

I-MMPI-2 luluhlu lwezinto ezizenzekelayo olunemibuzo engama-567 eyinyani ebubuxoki ngawe. Iimpendulo zakho zinceda abaqeqeshi bezempilo yengqondo ukuba babone ukuba unempawu zokugula ngengqondo okanye ukuphazamiseka kobuntu.

Eminye imibuzo yenzelwe ukuveza indlela oziva ngayo malunga nokwenza uvavanyo. Eminye imibuzo yenzelwe ukuveza ukuba unyanisile okanye unika ingxelo engaphaya okanye unika ingxelo kakhulu kumzamo wokuphembelela iziphumo zovavanyo.

Kubantu abaninzi, uvavanyo lwe-MMPI-2 luthatha imizuzu engama-60 ukuya kuma-90 ukuyigqiba.

Ngaba zikhona ezinye iinguqulelo?

Uhlobo olufutshane lovavanyo, i-MMPI-2 Reformured Form (RF), inemibuzo engama-338. Le nguqulo imfutshane ithatha ixesha elincinci ukuyigqiba- phakathi kwemizuzu engama-35 ukuya kwengama-50 kubantu abaninzi.

Abaphandi bayile nohlobo lovavanyo lwabakwishumi elivisayo abaneminyaka eli-14 ukuya kweli-18. Olu vavanyo, lwaziwa njenge-MMPI-A, lunemibuzo engama-478 kwaye lunokugqitywa malunga neyure.

Kukho nohlobo olufutshane lovavanyo kulutsha olubizwa ngokuba yi-MMPI-A-RF. Yenziwe yafumaneka ngo-2016, iMMPI-A-RF inemibuzo engama-241 kwaye inokugqitywa ngemizuzu engama-25 ukuya kwengama-45.

Nangona iimvavanyo ezimfutshane zingena xesha lincinci, uninzi lweeklinikhi lukhetha uvavanyo olude kuba luye lwaphandwa kule minyaka idlulileyo.

Isetyenziselwa ntoni?

Iimvavanyo ze-MMPI zisetyenziselwa ukunceda ekuchongeni ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, kodwa uninzi lweengcali zempilo yezengqondo azixhomekeki kuvavanyo olunye ukwenza uxilongo. Bahlala bekhetha ukuqokelela ulwazi oluvela kwimithombo emininzi, kubandakanya nokunxibelelana kwabo nomntu ovavanyiweyo.

I-MMPI kufuneka ilawulwe kuphela ngumlawuli wovavanyo oqeqeshiweyo, kodwa iziphumo zovavanyo ngamanye amaxesha zisetyenziswa kwezinye iisetingi.

Uvavanyo lwe-MMPI ngamanye amaxesha lusetyenziswa kwimpikiswano malunga nokugcinwa kwabantwana, iinkqubo zokusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi, useto lwemfundo, kunye nokuvavanywa kwengqesho.

Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ukusebenzisa i-MMPI njengenxalenye yenkqubo yokufumana umsebenzi kubangele impikiswano. Abanye abameli bathi iyaphula imigaqo yabantu baseMelika abakhubazekileyo (i-ADA).

Zithini izikali zeklinikhi ze-MMPI?

Izinto zovavanyo kwi-MMPI ziyilelwe ukufumanisa ukuba uphi kwizikali ezilishumi ezahlukeneyo zempilo yengqondo.

Isikali ngasinye sinxulumene nemodeli eyahlukeneyo yengqondo okanye imeko, kodwa kuninzi ukungqubana phakathi kwezikali. Ngokubanzi, amanqaku aphezulu kakhulu anokubonisa ukuphazamiseka kwempilo yengqondo.

Nantsi inkcazo emfutshane yokuvavanywa kwenqanaba ngalinye.

Inqanaba 1: IHypochondriasis

Eli nqanaba liqulethe izinto ezingama-32 kwaye ziyilelwe ukulinganisa ukuba unenkxalabo engekho mpilweni kwimpilo yakho.

Amanqaku aphezulu kweli nqanaba angathetha ukuba ukukhathazeka ngempilo yakho kuphazamisa ubomi bakho kwaye kubangela iingxaki kubudlelwane bakho.

Umzekelo, umntu onamanqaku aphezulu ama-1 amanqaku anokuthi athambekele ekuphuhliseni iimpawu zomzimba ezingenasizathu esingunobangela, ngakumbi ngamaxesha oxinzelelo oluphezulu.

Inqanaba 2: Uxinzelelo

Eli nqanaba, elinezinto ezingama-57, lilinganisela ulwaneliseko ngobomi bakho.

Umntu onamanqaku aphezulu kakhulu ama-2 amanqaku anokujongana noxinzelelo lweklinikhi okanye ukuba neengcinga zokuzibulala rhoqo.

Amanqaku aphakanyiswe kancinane kweli nqanaba angabonisa ukuba urhoxile okanye awonwabanga ziimeko zakho.

Inqanaba 3: IHysteria

Isikali sento engama-60 sivavanya impendulo yakho kuxinzelelo, kubandakanya zombini iimpawu zomzimba kunye nokuphendula ngokweemvakalelo xa uphantsi koxinzelelo.

Izifundo zibonise ukuba abantu abaneentlungu ezingapheliyo banokufumana amanqaku aphezulu kwizikali zokuqala ezintathu ngenxa yokuxhalaba okude, nokuphakama kwezempilo.

Inqanaba 4: Ukuphambuka kwengqondo

Eli nqanaba ekuqaleni lalenzelwe ukuba libonakalise ukuba ngaba unengxaki yengqondo.

Izinto zayo ezingama-50 zilinganisa isimilo sokuziphatha kunye nokuziphatha, ukongeza ekuthobeleni okanye ekuchaseni igunya.

Ukuba ufumana amanqaku aphezulu kakhulu kweli nqanaba, unokufumana isifo kunye nengxaki yobuntu.

Isikali 5: Ubudoda / ubufazi

Injongo yoqobo yeli candelo lovavanyo lwemibuzo engama-56 yayikukufumana ulwazi malunga nesini sabantu. Ivela kwilixa apho abanye abaqeqeshi bezempilo yengqondo bejonga umtsalane kubantu besini esinye njengengxaki.

Namhlanje, eli nqanaba lisetyenziselwa ukuvavanya ukuba uhlala ubonakala uchonga njani ngokwesiko.

Inqanaba 6: IParanoia

Eli nqanaba, elinemibuzo engama-40, livavanya iimpawu ezinxulumene nesifo sengqondo, ngakumbi:

• ukukrokrela kakhulu abanye abantu
• ukucinga okukhulu
• ukucinga okungqongqo okumnyama nokumhlophe
• iimvakalelo zokutshutshiswa luluntu

Amanqaku aphezulu kweli nqanaba angabonisa ukuba ujongana nengxaki yengqondo okanye isifo sobuntu.

Isikali 7: I-Psychasthenia

Amanyathelo ezinto ezingama-48:

• ixhala
• ukudakumba
• isimilo esisinyanzelo
• iimpawu zokuphazamiseka okungafunekiyo (OCD)

Igama elithi "psychasthenia" alisasetyenziselwa ukuxilonga, kodwa iingcali zempilo yengqondo zisasebenzisa eli nqanaba njengendlela yokuvavanya ukunyanzeliswa okungenampilo kunye neemvakalelo eziphazamisayo ezibangelwa.

Inqanaba 8: ISchizophrenia

Eli nqanaba lezinto ezingama-78 lenzelwe ukubonisa ukuba unayo, okanye kunokwenzeka ukuba ikhule, isifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo.

Ijonga ukuba ingaba ujamelana nemibono, ulahlekiso, okanye amaxesha okucinga angalungelelananga kakhulu. Ikwamisela ukuba ungaziva njani uhlukanisiwe noluntu luphela.

Inqanaba 9: IHypomania

Injongo yale nqanaba lezinto ezingama-46 kukuvavanya iimpawu ezinxulumene ne-hypomania, kubandakanya:

• amandla angathanga ngqo
• intetho ekhawulezayo
• iingcinga ezibalekayo
• nemibono
• ukungxamiseka
• Ubuqhetseba bobungangamsha

Ukuba unamanqaku aphezulu ama-9 amanqaku, unokuba neempawu ezinxulumene nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo.

Inqanaba 10: Ukungeniswa kwezentlalo

Olunye longezo lwamva kwi-MMPI, eli nqanaba lama-69 lilinganisa amanyathelo okuxubusha okanye ukungenisa. Eli liqondo olifunayo okanye urhoxe kunxibelelwano lwasentlalweni.

Eli nqanaba lijonga, phakathi kwezinye izinto, lakho:

• ukhuphiswano
• ukuthotyelwa
• iintloni
• ukuthembeka

Kuthekani ngezikali zokuqinisekisa?

Izikali zokuqinisekisa zinceda abalawuli bovavanyo ukuba baqonde ukuba ziyinyani kangakanani iimpendulo zomvavanyi.

Kwiimeko apho iziphumo zovavanyo zinokuba nefuthe kubomi bomntu, njengokuqeshwa okanye ukugcinwa kwabantwana, abantu banokukhuthazeka ukuba banike ingxelo engaphaya, bangenise ingxelo, okanye banganyaniseki. Ezi zikali zinceda ukuveza iimpendulo ezingachanekanga.

I "L" okanye isikali sokuxoka

Abantu abafumana amanqaku aphezulu ku "L" banokuzama ukuziveza ngokukhanya okuqinisekileyo ngokungavumi ukwamkela iimpawu okanye iimpendulo aboyikayo ezinokubenza babonakale bengalunganga.

Isikali "F"

Ngaphandle kokuba bakhethe iimpendulo ezingahleliwe, abantu abanamanqaku aphezulu kweli nqanaba banokuzama ukubonakala bekwimeko embi ngakumbi kunokuba benjalo.

Ezi zinto zovavanyo zijolise ekuboniseni ukungangqinelani kwiipateni zeempendulo. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba amanqaku aphezulu kwisikali se- "F" anokubonisa uxinzelelo olukhulu okanye isifo sengqondo.

Isikali "K"

Ezi zinto zovavanyo zingama-30 zijolise kukuzeyisa kunye nobudlelwane. Zenzelwe ukuveza ukuzikhusela komntu malunga nemibuzo kunye neempawu ezithile.

Njengesikali "L", izinto ezikwisikali "K" zenzelwe ukuqaqambisa imfuno yomntu ukuze ibonwe ngokuqinisekileyo.

Isikali se-CNS

Ngamanye amaxesha kubizwa isikali esithi "Awunakutsho", olu vavanyo lwayo yonke imilinganiselo yokuvavanya ukuba umntu akayiphenduli kangaphi into yovavanyo.

Uvavanyo olunemibuzo engaphendulwanga engama-30 lunokungasebenzi.

Isikali seTRIN kunye neVRIN

La manqanaba mabini abhaqa iimpendulo zempendulo ezibonisa ukuba umntu owenza uvavanyo ukhethe iimpendulo ngaphandle kokujonga umbuzo.

Kwindlela ye-TRIN (Impendulo eyiyo yokuNgqinelani), umntu usebenzisa indlela yokuphendula engagungqiyo, ezinjengezihlanu "eziyinyani" zilandelwe ziimpendulo ezintlanu "zobuxoki".

Kwiphethini yeVRIN (eyahlukeneyo yeempendulo ezingahambelaniyo), umntu uphendula "ngokungathandabuzeki" kunye "nobuxoki."

Isikali seFb

Ukubamba utshintsho olubalulekileyo kwiimpendulo phakathi kwesiqingatha sokuqala nesesibini sovavanyo, abalawuli bovavanyo bajonga imibuzo engama-40 kwisiqingatha sesibini sovavanyo esingavumelekanga ukuba sivunywe.

Ukuba uphendula ngokuthi "yinyani" kule mibuzo izihlandlo ezingama-20 kunokuba uphendula ngokuthi "buxoki," umlawuli wovavanyo unokugqiba kwelokuba kukho into ephazamisa iimpendulo zakho.

Kungenzeka ukuba ukhathele, uxinzelelekile, okanye uphazamisekile, okanye uqale ukugqithisa ngaphezulu kwesinye isizathu.

Isikali se-Fp

Ezi zinto zingama-27 zovavanyo zenzelwe ukuveza ukuba unenjongo okanye ungenzanga ingxelo-unika ingxelo, enokubonisa ukuphazamiseka kwempilo yengqondo okanye uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo.

Isikali seFBS

Ezi zinto zovavanyo ze-43, ngamanye amaxesha ezibizwa ngokuba "sisilinganiselo seempawu", ziyilelwe ukukhangela ngenjongo yokunika ingxelo ngaphezulu kweempawu. Ngamanye amaxesha kunokwenzeka xa abantu befuna ukonzakala okanye amabango okukhubazeka.

Isikali "S"

Isikali sokuZazisa esigqwesileyo sijonga indlela ophendula ngayo imibuzo engama-50 malunga nokuzola, ukoneliseka, isimilo, ukulunga komntu, kunye nokuziphatha okuhle njengomonde. Oku kukubona ukuba unokuba ujika iimpendulo ngabom ukuze ujongeke ngcono.

Ukuba wenza ingxelo-phantsi kwimibuzo engama-44 kwengama-50, isikali sibonisa ukuba ungaziva unesidingo sokuzikhusela.

Lubandakanya ntoni uvavanyo?

I-MMPI-2 inenqaku elipheleleyo lezinto zovavanyo ezingama-567, kwaye kuyakuthatha phakathi kwemizuzu engama-60 ukuya kwengama-90 ukugqiba. Ukuba uthatha i-MMPI2-RF, kufuneka ulindele ukuchitha phakathi kwemizuzu engama-35 ukuya kwengama-50 uphendula imibuzo engama-338.

Kukho iincwadana ezikhoyo, kodwa unokuthatha uvavanyo kwi-intanethi, nokuba nguwe okanye kuseto lweqela.

Uvavanyo lushicilelwe kwelungelo lokushicilela yiYunivesithi yaseMinnesota. Kubalulekile ukuba uvavanyo lwakho lwenziwe kwaye lufumane amanqaku ngokwezikhokelo ezisemthethweni.

Ukuze uqiniseke ukuba iziphumo zakho zovavanyo zitolikwe kwaye zichazwe kuwe ngokuchanekileyo, licebo elihle ukusebenza nesazi ngengqondo okanye ugqirha wengqondo oqeqeshwe ngokukodwa kolu hlobo lovavanyo.

Umgca wezantsi

I-MMPI luvavanyo oluphandwe kakuhle kwaye lahlonitshwa eyilelwe ukunceda iingcali zempilo yengqondo zichonge ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kunye neemeko.

Luluhlu lokuzibika oluvavanya apho uwe khona kwizikali ezili-10 ezinxulumene nokuphazamiseka kwempilo yengqondo. Uvavanyo lusebenzisa isikali sokuqinisekisa ukunceda abalawuli bovavanyo baqonde indlela oziva ngayo malunga nokwenza uvavanyo nokuba uphendule imibuzo ngokuchanekileyo nangokunyaniseka.

Kuxhomekeke kuhlobo luni lovavanyo oluthathayo, ungalindela ukuchitha phakathi kwemizuzu engama-35 ukuya kwengama-90 uphendula imibuzo.

I-MMPI luvavanyo oluthembekileyo nolusetyenziswa ngokubanzi, kodwa ingcali yezempilo yengqondo ayinakwenza ukuxilongwa ngokusekelwe kuphela kwesi sixhobo sovavanyo.