Ikhonkco phakathi kwe-Multiple Myeloma kunye nokusilela kwezintso

Umxholo

• Yintoni i-myeloma emininzi?
• Iziphumo ze-myeloma ezininzi emzimbeni
• Ukusilela kwezintso
• Ukuphulukana nethambo
• Ukunqongophala kwegazi
• Amajoni omzimba abuthathaka
• Hypercalcemia
• Ukulwa nokusilela kwezintso
• Umbono wexesha elide

Yintoni i-myeloma emininzi?

I-myeloma emininzi ngumhlaza ovela kwiiseli ze-plasma. Iiseli zePlasma ziiseli ezimhlophe zegazi ezifumaneka kumongo wethambo. Ezi seli ziyinxalenye ephambili yenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela. Benza amajoni omzimba alwa nosulelo.

Iiseli zeplasma ezinomhlaza zikhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye zithathe umongo wethambo ngokuthintela iiseli ezisempilweni ekwenzeni imisebenzi yazo. Ezi seli zenza izixa ezikhulu zeeproteni ezingaqhelekanga ezihamba emzimbeni wonke. Banokufunyanwa kwigazi.

Iiseli ezinomhlaza nazo zinokukhula zibe ngamathumba abizwa ngokuba yi-plasmacytomas. Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-myeloma emininzi xa kukho inani elikhulu leeseli kumongo wethambo (> 10% yeeseli), kunye namanye amalungu abandakanyekayo.

Iziphumo ze-myeloma ezininzi emzimbeni

Ukukhula kweeseli ze-myeloma kuphazamisa ukuveliswa kweeseli zeplasma eziqhelekileyo. Oku kunokubangela iingxaki ezininzi zempilo. Amalungu achaphazeleka kakhulu ngamathambo, igazi kunye nezintso.

Ukusilela kwezintso

Ukusilela kwezintso kwi-myeloma emininzi yinkqubo enzima ebandakanya iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo kunye neendlela. Indlela eyenzeka ngayo le nto kukuba iiproteni ezingaqhelekanga ziya kwizintso kwaye zibeke apho, zibangela ukuphazamiseka kwii-tubules zezintso kunye neepropathi zokucoca eziguqulweyo. Ukongeza, amanqanaba e-calcium aphakamileyo kunokubangela ukuba amakristali enze izintso, nto leyo ebangela umonakalo. Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, kunye namayeza afana ne-NSAIDS (Ibuprofen, naproxen) anokubangela nokonzakala kwezintso.

Ukongeza ukusilela kwezintso, apha ngezantsi ezinye iingxaki eziqhelekileyo ezivela kwi-myeloma ezininzi:

Ukuphulukana nethambo

Phantse iipesenti ezingama-85 zabantu abafunyaniswe benamava amaninzi okuphulukana nethambo, ngokwe-Multiple Myeloma Research Foundation (MMRF). Amathambo achaphazeleka kakhulu ngumqolo, isinqe, kunye neembambo.

Iiseli ezinomhlaza kumongo wethambo zithintela iiseli eziqhelekileyo ekulungiseni izilonda okanye amabala athambileyo enza emathanjeni. Ukuncipha kwethambo kungakhokelela kuqhekeko kunye noxinzelelo lomqolo.

Ukunqongophala kwegazi

Imveliso yeseli yeplasma enobungozi iphazamisa ukuveliswa kweeseli ezibomvu nezimhlophe zegazi. I-anemia yenzeka xa inani leeseli ezibomvu liphantsi. Ingabangela ukudinwa, ukuphefumla kancinci, kunye nesiyezi. Phantse iipesenti ezingama-60 zabantu abane-myeloma bafumana i-anemia, ngokwe-MMRF.

Amajoni omzimba abuthathaka

Iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi zilwa nosulelo emzimbeni. Ziyaziqonda kwaye zihlasela iintsholongwane eziyingozi ezibangela izifo. Inani elikhulu leeseli zeplasma ezinomhlaza kumongo wethambo zikhokelela kumanani asezantsi eeseli ezimhlophe zegazi. Oku kushiya umzimba usengozini yosulelo.

Izilwelwe ezingaqhelekanga eziveliswa ziiseli ezinomhlaza azincedi ukulwa usulelo. Kananjalo banokufumana amajoni omzimba asempilweni, oko kukhokelele ekubeni buthathaka amajoni omzimba.

Hypercalcemia

Ukuphulukana nethambo kwi-myeloma kubangela ukuba i-calcium engaphezulu ikhutshelwe kwigazi. Abantu abanezicubu zamathambo basemngciphekweni okhulayo we-hypercalcemia.

I-Hypercalcemia nayo inokubangelwa kukungasebenzi komzimba kwamadlala. Amatyala anganyangekiyo anokukhokelela kwiimpawu ezahlukeneyo ezinjenge-coma okanye ukubanjwa kwentliziyo.

Ukulwa nokusilela kwezintso

Kukho iindlela ezininzi ezinokuthi iintso zigcinwe ziphilile kubantu abane-myeloma, ngakumbi xa imeko ibanjwe kwangoko. Iziyobisi ezibizwa ngokuba yi-bisphosphonates, eziqhelekileyo zisetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-osteoporosis, zinokuthathwa ukunciphisa ukonakala kwethambo kunye ne-hypercalcemia. Abantu banokufumana unyango olunamanzi ukuze baphinde bavuselele umzimba, nokuba kungomlomo okanye kungene ngaphakathi.

Amachiza alwa nokudumba abizwa ngokuba yi-glucocorticoids anokunciphisa umsebenzi weseli. Kwaye i-dialysis inokuthatha uxinzelelo ekusebenzeni kwezintso. Okokugqibela, ulungelelwaniso lwamachiza alawulwa kwi-chemotherapy lunokuhlengahlengiswa ukuze ungonzakalisi izintso.

Umbono wexesha elide

Ukusilela kwezintso sisiphumo esiqhelekileyo se-myeloma ezininzi. Umonakalo kwizintso unokuba mncinci xa imeko ichongiwe kwaye inyangwa kwinqanaba layo lokuqala. Iinketho zonyango ziyafumaneka ukunceda ukubuyisela umva umonakalo wezintso obangelwa ngumhlaza.