Eyona mibuzo ixhaphakileyo malunga neentsholongwane kwaye zeziphi ezisetyenziswa kakhulu

Umxholo

• Imibuzo eqhelekileyo malunga namayeza okubulala iintsholongwane
• 1. Ngaba ukuthatha amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kuyatyeba?
• 2.Iintsholongwane iyasika ifuthe lokuthintela ukukhulelwa?
• 3. Ngaba kufuneka ndithathe ibhokisi yentsholongwane iye esiphelweni?
• 4. Kutheni le nto isibulala zintsholongwane sibangela urhudo?
• 5. Ngaba utywala buyayinqumla impembelelo yokubulala iintsholongwane?
• Zeziphi ii-antibiotics ezisetyenziswa kakhulu?

Isibulala zintsholongwane liyeza elisetyenziselwa ukulwa iintsholongwane ezibuthathaka ezibangela izifo, ezinjengebhaktiriya, iiparasites okanye ifungi kwaye kufuneka zisetyenziswe kuphela xa kucetyiswa ngugqirha.

Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane asetyenziselwa ukunyanga iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zosulelo, ezinje ngokuhambisa umchamo endlebeni, emehlweni, kwizintso, ulusu, amathambo, amalungu esini, isisu, amalungu okanye indlela yokuphefumla neyokugaya ukutya, isinusitis, amathumba, izilonda ezisulelekileyo, iithumba, irhinitis , i-bronchitis okanye inyumoniya, umzekelo.

Ukuba zisetyenziswe ngokungalunganga okanye ngaphandle kwengcebiso yezonyango, zinokubangela ukuxhathisa okungafunekiyo kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, kuba ii-antibiotics nazo zinokuphelisa iintsholongwane eziluncedo emzimbeni, ezinje ngezo zihlala emathunjini naseluswini, ezinokukhokelela kwinkangeleko. i-candidiasis, isifo sorhudo okanye ulusu olosulelayo, okwenza unyango lube nzima ngakumbi.

Imibuzo eqhelekileyo malunga namayeza okubulala iintsholongwane

1. Ngaba ukuthatha amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kuyatyeba?

Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ngokubanzi akanawo umphumo wecala lokunciphisa umzimba okanye ukonyusa umdla wokutya, nangona kunjalo, ezinye zazo zinokubangela ukugaywa okungafunekiyo kunye negesi egqithisileyo, enokubangela ukuqunjelwa esiswini, okunokuthi ngempazamo ngokuzuza ubunzima.

2.Iintsholongwane iyasika ifuthe lokuthintela ukukhulelwa?

Zimbalwa i-antibiotics ezinciphisa ukusebenza kwezicwangcisi, eziqinisekiswa zizifundo zamva nje, apho kuboniswe kuphela i-rifampicin kunye ne-rifabutin yokuphazamisa isenzo sabo. Yazi ukuba wenzeni kwezi meko.

Nangona kunjalo, njengenye yezona ziphumo zixhaphakileyo zeyeza ezininzi sisifo sorhudo, kukho umngcipheko wokuba izinto zokucwangcisa azizukufakwa ngokupheleleyo ukuba urhudo lwenzeka kwiiyure ezi-4 zokuthatha amayeza. Kwezi meko, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe ikhondom, ukuba urhudo luyekile kwiintsuku ezisi-7.

3. Ngaba kufuneka ndithathe ibhokisi yentsholongwane iye esiphelweni?

Isibulala zintsholongwane kufuneka sihlale sithathwa kude kube sekupheleni okanye ixesha elide ugqirha ekuxelela, nokuba kukho iimpawu zokuphucula emva kweentsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-5 zonyango.

Kwezinye iimeko, abantu abaziva bebhetele bathambekele ekuyekeni ukuthatha i-antibiotiki ngaphambi kwexesha elicetyiswayo, kodwa akufuneki, kuba ibhaktiriya ejongene nosulelo ayinakupheliswa. Yiyo ke loo nto, ukuphazamiseka kunyango kunokuphinda-phinda ukuphinda-phinda, kuphuculwe esi sifo kwakhona, ukongeza, banokumelana nemixube esetyenzisiweyo, okwenza ukuba isibulala-zintsholongwane singasebenzi kwixesha elizayo.

4. Kutheni le nto isibulala zintsholongwane sibangela urhudo?

Urhudo sisiphumo esiqhelekileyo seyeza lokubulala iintsholongwane, esivela ngenxa yempembelelo yentsholongwane kwiintsholongwane zamathumbu. Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ngamachiza aphelisa ibacteria kwiimvakalelo ezithile, oko kususa zombini iintsholongwane ezimbi nezilungileyo, ezibangela utshintsho ekusebenzeni kwamathumbu.

Funda ngendlela yokulwa urhudo olubangelwa zintsholongwane.

5. Ngaba utywala buyayinqumla impembelelo yokubulala iintsholongwane?

Utywala abuyekisi umphumo weyeza lokubulala iintsholongwane, kodwa bunokunciphisa ukusebenza kwabo kuba utywala bunefuthe lomchamo, elinokuthi liququzelele ukuphuma kwamayeza kumchamo kwaye linciphise ukugxila kwawo kumjelo wegazi, kwaye isenokungasebenzi unyango. Ukongeza, ukusetyenziswa kotywala kunye namayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ngaxeshanye kungagcwalisa isibindi, njengoko zombini zingadityaniswanga kweli lungu, ngenxa yoko ukungabikho kwesiyobisi kungaphazamiseka, kwaye kunokwandisa ityhefu yintsholongwane.

Ngezi zizathu, oogqirha bahlala becebisa ukuba kungabikho butywala ngexesha lonyango, kuba kukho amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane angenakufakwa nakutywala, njengeMetronidazole, Tinidazole, Cefoxitin kunye nokudityaniswa kweSulfamethoxazole kunye neTrimethoprim, kuba ukongeza ekubeni yityhefu emzimbeni, kunokubangela iimpawu ezingathandekiyo, ezinjengokugabha, ukubetha, ubushushu, ukubila ngokugqithisileyo, ubunzima bokuphefumla, intloko ebuhlungu kunye ne-hypotension.

Zeziphi ii-antibiotics ezisetyenziswa kakhulu?

Ezinye zezibulala-ntsholongwane ezisetyenziselwa ukunyanga izifo zibandakanya:

• Ciprofloxacino: Eyaziwa njengentengiso njengeCipro okanye iCipro XR, sisixhobo esibonisiweyo kunyango lwezifo zokuphefumla, endlebeni, emehlweni, kwizintso, kulusu, emathanjeni okanye kumalungu okuzala, kunye nonyango losulelo oluqhelekileyo. Iidosi ezinconyelwayo zeli zintsholongwane ziyahluka phakathi kwama-250 kunye ne-1500 mg ngosuku, kuxhomekeke kubudala kunye nobukrakra bosulelo olonyango. Bona ngakumbi malunga nomthamo, ukungqinelana kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

• Amoxicillin: Ibonakaliswe kunyango losulelo olubangelwa ziintsholongwane, ezinje nge-pneumonia, i-bronchitis, i-tonsillitis, i-sinusitis, usulelo lomchamo okanye lobufazi, kulusu kunye neembumba. Le zintsholongwane yeqela le-penicillin kwaye idosi ekhuthazwayo iyahluka phakathi kwe-750 mg kunye ne-1500 mg ngosuku, kuxhomekeke kubukrakra bosulelo ekufuneka lunyangwe. Ukongeza, inokudityaniswa ne-clavulanic acid, ukunciphisa ukunganyangeki kwentsholongwane kwintsholongwane. Funda ngakumbi nge-Amoxicillin.

• I-Azithromycin: Kubonakaliswe kunyango losulelo lwephepha lokuphefumla elisezantsi neliphezulu, njenge-sinusitis, i-pharyngitis okanye i-tonsillitis, usulelo lolusu kunye nezicubu ezithambileyo, i-otitis media kunye nezifo ezingahambelaniyo ngesondo kumadoda nabasetyhini, ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane I-Chlamydia trachomatis kwaye I-Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Kukwabonakalisiwe kunyango lomhlaza obangelwe I-Haemophilus ducreyi. Ngokubanzi, iidosi ezinconywayo ziyahluka phakathi kwe-500 kunye ne-1000 mg ngosuku, kuxhomekeke kusulelo olonyango. Funda ngakumbi malunga ne-azithromycin.

• Cephalexin: Inokwaziwa nangamagama orhwebo uKeflex, Keforal okanye Keflaxina, kwaye ibonakalisiwe ngokubanzi kunyango losulelo lokuphefumla, i-otitis media, ulusu kunye nosulelo lwethishu ethambileyo, usulelo lomchamo kunye nosulelo lwethambo. Ngokubanzi, iidosi ezisusela kwi-750 ukuya kwi-1500 mg ngosuku ziyacetyiswa, kuxhomekeke kubukrakra bonyango oluselwayo. Nantsi indlela yokuthatha iCephalexin.

• Ukutya: Intengiso eyaziwa ngokuba yiTetracilil okanye iTetrex. Yintsholongwane ebonakaliswe ngokubanzi kunyango losulelo olubangelwa zizinto eziphilayo ezinengxaki ye-tetracycline, enjenge brucellosis, gingivitis, gonorrhea okanye negcushuwa, umzekelo. Ngokubanzi, iidosi ezinconywayo ziyahluka phakathi kwe-1500 kunye ne-2000 mg ngosuku. Jonga ufakelo lwephakheji yeTetracycline.

Kubalulekile ukuba ugcine engqondweni ukuba onke amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kufuneka athathwe ngokwemiyalelo kagqirha, ngokuhlonipha ixesha lonyango, nokuba sele kugqityiwe. Iishedyuli zokulinganisa kufuneka zisoloko zihlonitshwa, ukuqinisekisa ukuba unyango luneziphumo ezinqwenelekayo.