Yonke into kufuneka uyazi malunga ne-Nail Patella Syndrome

Umxholo

• Ziintoni iimpawu?
• Oonobangela
• Ichongwa njani iNPS?
• Iingxaki
• Iphathwa kwaye ilawulwe njani iNPS?
• Yintoni imbonakalo?

Ushwankathelo

I-Nail patella syndrome (i-NPS), ngamanye amaxesha ebizwa ngokuba yi-Fong syndrome okanye i-osteoonychodysplasia yelifa (HOOD), sisifo esingaqhelekanga semfuza. Ihlala ichaphazela iinzipho. Inokuchaphazela amalungu emzimbeni, njengamadolo akho, kunye nezinye iinkqubo zomzimba, ezinje ngenkqubo yeemvakalelo kunye nezintso. Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufunde ngakumbi ngale meko.

Ziintoni iimpawu?

Iimpawu ze-NPS ngamanye amaxesha ziye zibonakale kwasebusaneni, kodwa zinokuvela kamva ebomini. Iimpawu ze-NPS zihlala zinamava:

• iinzipho
• amadolo
• iingqiniba
• isinqe

Amanye amalungu, amathambo, kunye nezicubu ezithambileyo nazo zinokuchaphazeleka.

Malunga nabantu abane-NPS baneempawu ezichaphazela iinzipho zabo. Ezi mpawu zinokubandakanya:

• iinzipho ezingekhoyo
• Iinzipho ezincinci ezingaqhelekanga
• umbala omnyama
• Ukuqhekeka kobude besikhonkwane
• iinzipho ezibhityileyo ngokungaqhelekanga
• I-lunula emile okonxantathu, eyinxalenye esezantsi yesikhonkwane, ngqo ngaphezulu kwesikere

Ezinye, iimpawu eziqhelekileyo, zingabandakanya:

• wonakalisa iinzwane ezincinci
• patella encinci okanye emile ngokungafaniyo, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-kneecap
• ukufuduka kwamadolo, ihlala isecaleni (kwicala) okanye ngaphezulu (phezulu)
• ukuphuma kwamathambo ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwedolo
• Ukukhutshwa kwe patellar, ekwabizwa ngokuba kukusasazeka kwamadolo
• Uluhlu olulinganiselweyo lokuhamba engqinibeni
• arthrodysplasia yengqiniba, yimeko yemfuza echaphazela amalungu
• ukususwa kwengqiniba
• uxinzelelo ngokubanzi lwamalungu
• Iimpondo ze-iliac, ezizezimbini, ezomeleleyo, ezinamathambo ezivela kwisinqe esivame ukubonakala kwimifanekiso ye-X-ray
• umqolo obuhlungu
• Umtya oqinileyo we-Achilles
• ubunzima bemisipha esezantsi
• iingxaki zezintso, ezinje ngehematuria okanye iproteinuria, okanye igazi okanye iprotheni kumchamo
• iingxaki zamehlo, njengeglaucoma

Ukongeza, ngokutsho komnye, malunga nesiqingatha sabantu abafunyaniswe benamava e-NPS ukungazinzi patellofemoral. Ukungazinzi kwePatellofemoral kuthetha ukuba i-kneecap yakho ihambile kulungelelwaniso olufanelekileyo. Kubangela iintlungu ezingapheliyo kunye nokudumba emadolweni.

Ukuxinana kwamaminerali amathambo lolunye uphawu olunokubakho. Olunye uphononongo olusuka ku-2005 lubonisa ukuba abantu abane-NPS bane-8-20 yeepesenti zamanqanaba asezantsi oxinano lweemaminerali kunabantu abangenalo, ngakumbi esinqeni.

Oonobangela

I-NPS ayisosimo esiqhelekileyo. Uphando luqikelela ukuba lufumaneka kubantu ngabanye. Sisifo semfuza kwaye sixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abanabazali okanye amanye amalungu osapho aneengxaki. Ukuba unale ngxaki, nabaphi na abantwana onabo baya kuba namathuba angama-50 okuba naloo meko.

Kuyenzeka ukuba uphuhlise imeko ukuba akukho mzali unayo. Xa oku kusenzeka, kusenokwenzeka ukuba kubangelwe kukutshintsha kwe I-LMX1B yemfuza, nangona abaphandi bengazi ncam ukuba olu tshintsho lukhokelela njani kwinzipho patella. Malunga nabantu abakule meko, akukho namnye umzali ophetheyo. Oko kuthetha ukuba iipesenti ezingama-80 zabantu bayifumana njengelifa le meko komnye wabazali babo.

Ichongwa njani iNPS?

I-NPS inokuchongwa ngokwamanqanaba ahlukeneyo ebomini bakho. I-NPS ngamanye amaxesha inokuchongwa kwi-utero, okanye ngelixa umntwana esesibelekweni, kusetyenziswa i-ultrasound kunye ne-ultrasonography. Kubantwana, oogqirha banokuyifumanisa imeko ukuba bachonga i-kneecaps okanye i-iliac spur symmetrical spurs.

Kwabanye abantu, oogqirha banokuchonga imeko ngovavanyo lweklinikhi, uhlalutyo lwembali yosapho, kunye nokuvavanywa kwelabhoratri. Oogqirha banokusebenzisa le mvavanyo ilandelayo yokuchonga ukungaqheleki emathanjeni, kumalungu kunye nakwizicubu ezithambileyo ezichaphazeleka yiNPS:

• itomography ekhompyutheni (CT)
• X-reyi
• imaging yamagnetic resonance (iMRI)

Iingxaki

I-NPS ichaphazela amalungu amaninzi emzimbeni kwaye inokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezininzi, kubandakanya:

• Umngcipheko owandisiweyo wokophuka: Oku kubangelwa kukuxinana kwethambo kunye namathambo kunye namalungu ahlala enezinye iingxaki, ezinje ngokungazinzi.
• I-Scoliosis: Abakwishumi elivisayo abane-NPS basemngciphekweni omkhulu wokukhula kwesi sifo, nto leyo ebangela ugophe lomqolo ngendlela engaqhelekanga.
• I-Preeclampsia: Abasetyhini abane-NPS banokuba semngciphekweni omkhulu wokukhula kwesi ngxaki ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
• Imvakalelo yokuphazamiseka: Abantu abane-NPS banokuba namava okunciphisa ubushushu kunye neentlungu. Banokuba namava okuba ndindisholo kunye nokugungqa.
• Iingxaki zesisu: Abanye abantu abane-NPS baxela ukuqunjelwa kunye nesifo esichaphazela isisu.
• I-Glaucoma: Esi sisifo esibuhlungu apho ukonyuka koxinzelelo lwamehlo konakalisa i-optic nerve, enokuthi ikhokelele ekulahlekelweni ngumbono ngokusisigxina.
• Ubunzima bezintso: Abantu abane-NPS bahlala beneengxaki zezintso zabo kunye nenkqubo yokuchama. Kwiimeko ezigabadeleyo ze-NPS, unokuhlakulela ukusilela kwezintso.

Iphathwa kwaye ilawulwe njani iNPS?

Akukho lunyango lwe-NPS. Unyango lujolise ekulawuleni iimpawu. Intlungu emadolweni, umzekelo, inokulawulwa ngu:

• Ukuphelisa iintlungu amayeza anje nge-acetaminophen (iTylenol) kunye neeopioid
• iziqwenga
• iibhrashi
• ulungiso lwenyama

Utyando lokulungisa ngamanye amaxesha luyafuneka, ngakumbi emva kokuqhekeka.

Abantu abane-NPS kufuneka babekwe iliso kwiingxaki zezintso. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa iimvavanyo zonyaka zomchamo ukubeka esweni impilo yezintso zakho. Ukuba iingxaki ziyavela, amayeza kunye nedialysis inokunceda ekulawuleni nasekunyangeni imiba yezintso.

Abafazi abakhulelweyo abane-NPS banomngcipheko wokukhula kwe-preeclampsia, kwaye kunqabile ukuba oku kuphuze ukubeleka. I-Preeclampsia yimeko enokubangela ukubanjwa ngamanye amaxesha nokufa. IPreeclampsia ibangela ukonyuka koxinzelelo lwegazi kwaye inokuchongwa ngokuvavanywa kwegazi kunye nomchamo ukuvavanya ukusebenza komzimba.

Ukujonga uxinzelelo lwegazi kuyinxalenye yesiqhelo yokhathalelo lwangaphambi kokubeleka, kodwa qiniseka ukuba ugqirha wakho uyazi ukuba unayo i-NPS ukuze babenako ukuqonda umngcipheko owandileyo wale meko. Kuya kufuneka uthethe nogqirha wakho malunga nawaphi na amayeza owathathayo ukuze babone ukuba zeziphi ezikhuselekileyo zokuzithatha ngelixa ukhulelwe.

I-NPS inomngcipheko we-glaucoma. I-Glaucoma inokufunyanwa ngovavanyo lwamehlo olujonga uxinzelelo kwiliso lakho. Ukuba unayo i-NPS, cwangcisa iimviwo zamehlo rhoqo. Ukuba wenza i-glaucoma, amayeza wamehlo anokunyanga angasetyenziselwa ukunciphisa uxinzelelo. Kuya kufuneka ukuba unxibe iiglasi zamehlo ezikhethekileyo zokulungisa. Ngamanye amaxesha, kunokufuneka kwenziwe utyando.

Ngokubanzi, indlela eyahlukeneyo ye-NPS ibalulekile kunyango lweempawu kunye neengxaki.

Yintoni imbonakalo?

I-NPS sisifo esingaqhelekanga semfuza, esihlala sifunyanwa njengelinye kubazali bakho. Kwezinye iimeko, sisiphumo soguquko olwenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo kwi I-LMX1B Uhlobo. I-NPS ixhaphake kakhulu ibangela iingxaki kwizikhonkwane, emadolweni, engqinibeni, kunye nasesinqeni. Inokuchaphazela nezinye iinkqubo zomzimba ezahlukeneyo kubandakanya izintso, inkqubo yeemvakalelo, kunye namalungu esisu.

Akukho lunyango lwe-NPS, kodwa iimpawu zingalawulwa ngokusebenza neengcali ezahlukeneyo. Qhagamshelana nogqirha wakho oyintloko ukuze ufumane ukuba yiyiphi ingcali efanelekileyo kwiimpawu zakho ezithile.