Narcolepsy: yintoni, iimpawu kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu ze-narcolepsy
• Unyango lwenziwa njani

I-narcolepsy sisifo esinganyangekiyo esibonakaliswa lutshintsho ebuthongweni, apho umntu efumana ubuthongo obuninzi emini kwaye akwazi ukulala kamnandi nangaliphi na ixesha, kubandakanya ngexesha lokuncokola okanye nokuma phakathi kwezithuthi.

Oonobangela be-narcolepsy banxulumene nelahleko ye-neurons kwingingqi yengqondo ebizwa ngokuba yi-hypothalamus, evelisa into ebizwa ngokuba yi-hypocretin, eyi-neurotransmitter enoxanduva lokulawula ukuvusa kunye nokuphaphama, okuhambelana nokulumkisa, ukugcina abantu kuvunyelwene. Ngokusweleka kwezi-neurons, kuncinci okanye akukho mveliso i-hypocretin kwaye, ke, abantu bayakwazi ukulala ngokulula.

Unyango lwe-narcolepsy kufuneka luboniswe yi-neurologist, kunye nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ezisebenza ngokuthe ngqo kwiimpawu, ukulawula isifo, kuhlala kubonisiwe.

Iimpawu ze-narcolepsy

Umqondiso wokuqala kunye ophambili wokudakumba kukulala kakhulu emini. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko lo mqondiso ungacaciswanga, ukuxilongwa akwenziwa, okukhokelela kwinani elincinci nangaphantsi le-hypocretin, ekhokelela ekubonakaleni kweminye imiqondiso neempawu ezinje:

• Amaxesha obuthongo obukhulu emini, xa umntu ekwazi ukulala ngokulula naphina, nokuba wenza ntoni;
• Ubuthathaka bemisipha, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-cataplexy, apho ngenxa yobuthathaka bemisipha, umntu angawa kwaye angakwazi ukuthetha okanye ukuhamba, nangona eyazi. I-Cataplexy luphawu oluthile lwe-narcolepsy, nangona kunjalo ayinguye wonke umntu onayo;
• Iingcamango, ezinokuthi zivelele okanye zibonwe;
• Ukukhubazeka komzimba xa uvuka, apho umntu engakwaziyo ukuhamba imizuzu embalwa. Uninzi lwexesha, ukulala iziqendu zokukhubazeka kwi-narcolepsy zihlala phakathi kwe-1 kunye ne-10 imizuzu;
• Ubuthongo obuqhekekileyo ebusuku, obungaphazamisiyo ixesha lokulala lomntu ngosuku.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-narcolepsy kwenziwa yi-neurologist kunye nogqirha wokulala ngokuvavanya iimpawu kunye neempawu ezivezwe ngumntu. Ukongeza, iimvavanyo ezinje nge-polysomnografi kunye novavanyo oluninzi lwe-latency lwenziwa ukuze kufundwe ngomsebenzi wobuchopho kunye neziqendu zokulala. Idosi yehypocretin ikwabonakalisiwe ukuze naluphi na ubudlelwane obunempawu buqinisekiswe kwaye, yiyo loo nto ukufumanisa isifo se-narcolepsy kunokuqinisekiswa.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lwe-narcolepsy kufuneka luboniswe yi-neurologist kwaye lunokwenziwa ngamayeza, anje ngeProvigil, Methylphenidate (Ritalin) okanye iDexedrine, enomsebenzi wokukhuthaza iingqondo zabaguli ukuba zihlale ziphaphile.

Amanye amayeza okulwa noxinzelelo, anje ngeFluoxetine, iSertaline okanye iProtriptyline, anokunceda ukunciphisa iziqendu ze-cataplexy okanye i-hallucination. Iyeza leXyrem linokumiselwa kwezinye izigulana ukuba zisetyenziswe ebusuku.

Unyango lwendalo lwe-narcolepsy kukutshintsha indlela ophila ngayo kunye nokutya okunempilo, ukunqabe ukutya okunzima, ukucwangcisa ukulala emva kokutya, ukunqanda ukusela iziselo ezinxilisayo okanye ezinye izinto ezonyusa ukulala.