Yintoni neoplasm embi, oko kwafunyaniswa kwaye iinketho zonyango

Umxholo

• Kutheni le nto isenzeka
• Ithumba elibi ngumhlaza?
• Indlela yokuchonga
• Unyango lwenziwa njani
• Ngaba i-neoplasia enobungozi iyanyangeka?

Ithumba elibi, umhlaza okanye ithumba elibi, libonakaliswa kukungalawuleki kunye nokungaqhelekanga kokukhula kweeseli ngenxa yotshintsho kwi-DNA okanye imikhwa yokuphila, kwaye ezi seli zinokusasazeka emzimbeni wonke kwaye zonakalise umzimba ngokubanzi.

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba iiseli ezinobungozi ziyanda ngendlela ezimeleyo nengalawulekiyo, ukuxilongwa kwangoko kwe-neoplasia enobungozi kunye nokuqalisa ngokukhawuleza kunyango kunokubangela unyango, kuphucule umgangatho wobomi bomntu.

Kutheni le nto isenzeka

I-neoplasm enobungozi yenzeka ngenxa yokungalawulwa okungalawulekiyo kunye nokungaqhelekanga kweeseli ezinobungozi, ezinokuthi zenzeke ngenxa yotshintsho kwi-DNA ngenxa yemfuza okanye imikhwa, njengokutshaya, ukutya okungekho mpilweni kunye nokutya okutyiweyo, ukusetyenziswa kweziselo ezinxilisayo, ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane izinto ezinobungozi okanye i-radiation, umzekelo. Funda ngakumbi malunga ne-neoplasms.

Iiseli ezinobungozi zanda ngokukhawuleza kwaye zinokusasazeka kwamanye amalungu nakwizihlunu, njengoko ezi seli zinokuziphatha okuzimeleyo, kubandakanya imastastasis, eyenza unyango kunye nokunyanga kube nzima ngakumbi ukwenzeka.

Ithumba elibi ngumhlaza?

Umhlaza kunye neoplasm enobungozi ziyafana, oko kukuthi, xa uviwo lubonisa ukuba kukho i-neoplasm enobungozi okanye ukuba ubukho beeseli ezinobungozi buqwalaselwe, oko kuthetha ukuba umntu unomhlaza.

Kwiimeko ezinjalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba kwenziwe iimvavanyo ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kwaye unyango luqaliswe ngokukhawuleza ukuphepha i-metastasis kunye nokwandisa amathuba okuphulukiswa.

Indlela yokuchonga

Ukuchongwa komhlaza kunokwenzeka ngokujonga ezinye zeempawu, ezinje:

• Ukuthoba umzimba ngaphandle kwesizathu;
• Ukukhohlela okungapheliyo;
• Ifiva;
• Ubuhlungu xa uchama okanye umchamo omnyama;
• Ukudinwa kakhulu;
• Ukubonakala kwamaqhuqhuva, ngakumbi ebeleni, umzekelo;
• Inkangeleko yamabala esikhumbeni.

Iimpawu zobundlobongela zinokwahluka ngohlobo kunye nendawo ekuyo umhlaza, nangona kunjalo phambi kwazo naziphi na iimpawu ezibonisa umhlaza, kubalulekile ukuba uye kugqirha oqhelekileyo enze uxilongo. Yazi ezinye iimpawu zobubi.

Uxilongo lwenziwa ngokusekwe kwiimpawu ezibonakaliswa sisigulana, ukongeza kwimifanekiso kunye nokuvavanywa kwaselebhu okucetyiswayo ngugqirha. Ukulinganisa iimviwo, ezinje ngeMRI okanye itomografi, umzekelo, kunokuboniswa ukuze kuchongwe indawo ebenayo ithumba.

Ngokunxulumene neemvavanyo zaselebhu, ugqirha unokucela ubalo lwegazi olupheleleyo kunye novavanyo lwebhayoloji, ukongeza kumlinganiso wamakishi ethumba, zinto ezo ziveliswa ziiseli okanye sisilonda ngokwaso, esibonisa ubukho besifo esibuhlungu. Ukongeza, ugqirha unokucela uviwo lwe-histopathological, olujolise ekuqinisekiseni ukungalunganga kweeseli. Fumana ukuba zeziphi iimvavanyo ezichonga umhlaza.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lwe-neoplasm enobungozi lwenziwa ngenjongo yokunciphisa isantya sokwanda kweeseli ezinobungozi, ukuthintela imastastasis kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi bomntu. Ngokwesiqhelo ugqirha ucebisa ukuba kwenziwe utyando, i-radiotherapy okanye i-chemotherapy ngokohlobo lomhlaza kunye neempawu zalo.

Utyando lunokuboniswa kwiimeko apho i-metastasis ingekenzeki kwaye apho ithumba okanye inxenye yalo inokususwa. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko utyando alunakubonakaliswa ngenxa yendawo ekuyo kunye nokuhanjiswa kwegazi kwindawo leyo, kwaye ezinye iindlela zonyango zicetyiswa ngugqirha. Ngokubanzi, emva kotyando, ichemotherapy okanye i-radiotherapy iyacetyiswa ukuze kupheliswe naziphi na iiseli ezinobungozi ezingakhange zisuswe.

I-Chemotherapy lolona nyango lucetyiswayo kwimeko yomhlaza kwaye lwenziwa ngokusetyenziswa kwamachiza athile ngokuchasene nethumba elinokuqhutywa ngomlomo okanye ngaphakathi. I-Radiotherapy ikwayindlela yokonyango kwizilonda ezinobungozi kwaye ibandakanya ukufaka imitha kwindawo ye-tumor, ukunciphisa ubungakanani bayo kunye nokuthintela ukusasazeka kweminye imimandla yomzimba. Funda ngakumbi malunga nonyango lomhlaza.

Ngaba i-neoplasia enobungozi iyanyangeka?

Kuyenzeka ukufezekisa unyango xa i-neoplasm enobungozi ichongiwe kwangoko kwaye unyango luqalwa ngokukhawuleza, kuba ngale ndlela kunokwenzeka ukuthintela i-metastasis ingenzeki, oko kukusasazeka kweeseli ezinobungozi kwamanye amalungu omzimba, okwenza unyango lube nzima . Qonda indlela i-metastasis eyenzeka ngayo.