INorovirus: yintoni, iimpawu, ukuhambisa kunye nokunyanga

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Ngaba kwenzeka njani ukuhambisa
• Unyango lwenziwa njani

INorovirus luhlobo lwentsholongwane olunamandla okusuleleka kunye nokuxhathisa, okwaziyo ukuhlala kwiindawo apho umntu osulelekileyo athe wanxibelelana naye, ukuququzelela ukudluliselwa kwabanye abantu.

Le ntsholongwane inokufumaneka kukutya okungcolileyo kunye namanzi kwaye inegalelo elikhulu kwintsholongwane yentsholongwane kubantu abadala, ngokungafaniyo ne-rotavirus, eyosulela abantwana rhoqo.

Iimpawu zosulelo lwe-norovirus zibandakanya urhudo oluqatha olulandelwa kukugabha kwaye, rhoqo, umkhuhlane. Le gastroenteritis ihlala inyangwa ngokuphumla nokusela ulwelo oluninzi, kuba intsholongwane inamandla okutshintsha okuphezulu, oko kukuthi, kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-norovirus, kwaye kunzima ukulawula kwayo.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Usulelo lweNorovirus lukhokelela kwiimpawu ezinzima ezinokuthi ziqhubekele ekuphelelweni komzimba. Iimpawu eziphambili zosulelo lwe-norovirus zezi:

• Urhudo olunzulu, olungenagazi;
• Ukuphalaza;
• Umkhuhlane ophezulu;
• Intlungu zesisu;
• Intloko ebuhlungu.

Iimpawu zihlala zivela kwiiyure ezingama-24 ukuya kuma-48 emva kokosuleleka kwaye zihlala kwiintsuku ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-3, kodwa kusenokwenzeka ukudlulisela intsholongwane kwabanye abantu ukuya kwiintsuku ezi-2 emva kokuba iimpawu ziphelile. Jonga indlela yokuchonga isisu sentsholongwane.

Ngaba kwenzeka njani ukuhambisa

Eyona ndlela iphambili yosasazo lwe-norovirus yi-fecal-oral, apho umntu bosuleleka ngokutya ukutya okanye amanzi angcoliswe yintsholongwane, ukongeza kusulelo ngokudibana nemimandla engcolileyo okanye ukudibana ngqo nomntu osulelekileyo. Ukongeza, kunqabile, ukuhanjiswa kwe-norovirus kunokwenzeka ngokukhutshwa kweeerosol ekugabheni.

Kungenzeka ukuba esi sifo siqhambuke kwiindawo ezivalekileyo, ezinje ngeenqanawa, izikolo kunye nezibhedlele, kuba azikho ezinye iindlela zokusasaza intsholongwane ngaphandle komzimba womntu. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuba uhlambe izandla kakuhle kwaye uphephe ukuba kwindawo efanayo evaliweyo kunye nomntu osulelekileyo.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Akukho lonyango lwegastroenteritis ebangelwa yi-norovirus, kwaye ukuphumla nokusela amanzi amaninzi kuyacetyiswa ukuthintela ukomisa. Amayeza anokusetyenziselwa ukunciphisa iintlungu, ezinje ngeparacetamol.

Ngenxa yokuba kukho iindlela ezininzi ze-norovirus ngenxa yeenguqu ezahlukeneyo, akukabikho nto yokwenza isitofu sale ntsholongwane, nangona kunjalo, kungenzeka ukuba kwenziwe iyeza lokuthintela elithe gqolo, njengoko kunjalo ngomkhuhlane.

Eyona ndlela yokuthintela ukosuleleka yile ntsholongwane kukuhlamba izandla ngaphambi nasemva kokuya kwindlu yangasese naphambi kokuphatha ukutya (iziqhamo kunye nemifuno), ukubulala iintsholongwane kwizinto kunye nomphezulu osenokuba usulelekile, kunye nokuthintela ukwabelana ngeetawuli kunye nokuphepha ukutya ukutya ikrwada kwaye ayihlanjwa. Ukongeza, ukuba unxibelelana nomntu osulelekileyo, kuphephe ukubabeka emlonyeni, empumlweni okanye emehlweni, njengoko zihambelana nomnyango wokungena kwintsholongwane.