Ngelizwe elikwiNgxaki, liXesha lokuCima ibala leNgxaki ye-Opioid

Yonke imihla, ngaphezulu kwe-130 yabantu e-United States baphulukana nobomi babo ngenxa ye-opioid overdose. Oko kuguqulela ngaphezulu kobomi be-47,000 obulahlekileyo kule ntlekele ye-opioid eyoyikekayo ngo-2017 kuphela.

Abantu abalikhulu elinamanci mathathu ngemini ngabantu abothusayo- {textend} kwaye umntu onganciphi nangaliphi na ixesha kungekudala. Ngokwenyani, iingcali zithi ingxaki ye-opioid inokuba mandundu ngaphambi kokuba ibe ngcono. Kwaye nangona inani lokufa okunxulumene ne-opioid liye lehla kwamanye amazwe, lisanda kwilizwe lonke. (Inani le-opioid overdoses lonyuse iipesenti ezingama-30 kwilizwe liphela phakathi kukaJulayi 2016 noSeptemba 2017.)

Ukubeka nje, sihlangabezana nengxaki yezempilo yoluntu yenxalenye enkulu esichaphazelayo sonke.

Kubalulekile ukuba wazi, nangona kunjalo, ukuba abantu basetyhini baneeseti zabo ezizodwa zomngcipheko xa kusenziwa ukusetyenziswa kwe-opioid. Abasetyhini kunokwenzeka ukuba bafumane iintlungu ezingapheliyo, nokuba zinxulumene nokuphazamiseka okunje ngesifo samathambo, i-fibromyalgia, kunye ne-migraine okanye iimeko ezinje nge-uterine fibroids, endometriosis, kunye ne-vulvodynia eyenzeka kuphela kubafazi.

Uphando lufumanisa ukuba abasetyhini kunokwenzeka ngakumbi ukuba banikwe ii-opioids zokunyanga iintlungu zabo, kokubini kwiidosi eziphezulu kunye nexesha elide. Ukongeza, kunokubakho utyekelo lwebhayiloji edlalayo olubangela ukuba abantu basetyhini babe ngamakhoboka eziopioid kunamadoda. Uphando olongezelelekileyo luyafuneka ukuqonda ukuba kutheni.

Iiopioids zibandakanya amayeza entlungu kunye neheroin. Ukongeza, i-opioid yokwenziwa eyaziwa ngokuba yi-fentanyl, engama-80 ukuya kwayi-100 eyomeleleyo kune-morphine, yongeze ingxaki. Ukuphuhliswa kwasekuqaleni ukulawula iintlungu zabantu abanomhlaza, i-fentanyl ihlala ifakwa kwi-heroin ukwandisa amandla ayo. Ngamanye amaxesha ifihlwa njenge-heroin enamandla kakhulu, yongeza kwimeko yokusetyenziswa gwenxa kunye nokufa ngokugqithisileyo.

Ngo-2016, abantu abazizigidi ezili-11 bavumile ukusebenzisa kakubi i-opioid kagqirha kunyaka ophelileyo, becacisa izizathu ezinje ngesidingo sokunciphisa iintlungu zomzimba, ukunceda ngokulala, ukuziva ulungile okanye ukuphakama, ukunceda ngeemvakalelo okanye iimvakalelo, okanye ukwandisa okanye ukunciphisa iziphumo zamanye amachiza.

Nangona abantu abaninzi bexela ukuba kufuneka bathathe ii-opioids ukunciphisa iintlungu zomzimba, kuthathwa ngokuba kukusebenzisa gwenxa ukuba bathatha ngaphezulu komyinge obekiweyo okanye bathabathe iyeza ngaphandle kokuyalelwa.

Konke oku kuyaqhubeka nokuba nefuthe elikhulu kwabasetyhini, kwiintsapho zabo nakuluntu. Iingcali zithi, umzekelo, malunga neepesenti ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-6 zabo basebenzisa kakubi i-opioids baya kuqhubeka nokusebenzisa i-heroin, ngelixa ezinye iziphumo ezibi ezichaphazela abasetyhini zibandakanya neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS), iqela leemeko ezibangelwa kukuvezwa kosana kwiziyobisi. bathathwe ngumama wabo okhulelweyo.

Njengomongikazi obhalisiweyo okwangoku osebenza ngamayeza oomama nawomntwana, ndiyazi ngokwam ngokubaluleka kwabantu abafumana unyango lweemeko ezinjenge-opioid use disorder (OUD), kunye neziphumo ezibi koomama neentsana ezisandul 'ukuzalwa xa olo nyango lungenzeki. Ndiyazi nam ukuba lo bhubhane awucalucaluli - {textend} uchaphazela oomama neentsana kuzo zonke iinkalo zentlalo noqoqosho.

Ewe, nabani na othabatha i-opioids usengozini yokusetyenziswa gwenxa, ngelixa ngabantu aba-2 kuphela kwabali-10 abafuna unyango lwe-OUD abaza kuba nalo xa belufuna. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuba ususe ibala kunye neentloni ezinxulunyaniswa ne-OUD - {textend} kunye nokukhuthaza abantu basetyhini abaninzi ukuba bafumane unyango abalufunayo ukuze baphile ubomi obunempilo.

Ukufezekisa oko, kufuneka:

Qaphela ukuba i-OUD sisigulo sonyango. I-OUD ayikhethi buso, kwaye ayilophawu lokuziphatha okanye ubuthathaka bomntu. Endaweni yoko, njengezinye izifo, ingxaki yokusebenzisa i-opioid inokunyangwa ngamayeza.

Izithintelo ezisezantsi kunyango kunye neziphumo zokwabelana. Abawisi-mthetho banokunxibelelana ukuba unyango lwe-OUD luyafumaneka, lukhuselekile kwaye lusebenzayo, kwaye luhambisa iziphumo eziqinisekisiweyo, ngelixa kunceda ekuphuculeni ukufikelela kunyango lwezigulana ngokukhuthaza ukhuseleko lweinshurensi nokunyanzelisa ukukhuselwa kwabathengi.

Yandisa inkxaso mali kunyango oluncedo lwezonyango lwe-OUD. Amaqela oluntu kunye nawabucala abandakanyeka kukhathalelo lwempilo, impilo yoluntu, abaphenduli bokuqala, kunye nenkqubo yezomthetho kufuneka basebenze kunye ukukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa koncedo lwezonyango lwe-OUD.

Cinga ngamagama esiwasebenzisayo xa sithetha nge-OUD. Isincoko kwiphephancwadi iJAMA sithi, umzekelo, oogqirha kufuneka babukele "ulwimi olulayishiwe," endaweni yoko sincomela ukuba sithethe nezigulana zethu ezine-OUD njengoko besinokwenza xa sinyanga umntu onesifo seswekile okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi.

Eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu, ukuba wena okanye umntu omthandayo uhlala ne-OUD, kufuneka sikuphephe ukuzibeka ityala. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-Opioid kunokutshintsha ingqondo yakho, kuvelise iminqweno enamandla kunye nokunyanzeliswa okunokwenza kube lula ukuba likhoboka kwaye kunzima kakhulu ukuyeka. Oko akuthethi ukuba olo tshintsho alunakuphathwa okanye lubuyiselwe umva, nangona kunjalo. Into yokuba indlela ebuyayo iya kuba kukunyuka okunzima.

IBeth Battaglino, i-RN yi-CEO yezeMpilo yaBasetyhini. Usebenze kwicandelo lokhathalelo lwempilo ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-25 encedisa ekuchazeni nasekuqhubeni iinkqubo zemfundo yoluntu kuluhlu olubanzi lwemicimbi yezempilo yabasetyhini. Ukwangumongikazi osebenzayo kwimpilo yoomama abakhulelweyo.