Amanqanaba e-Osteoarthritis yeKnee
Umxholo
Sibandakanya iimveliso esicinga ukuba ziluncedo kubafundi bethu. Ukuba uthenga amakhonkco kweli phepha, sinokufumana ikhomishini encinci. Nantsi inkqubo yethu.
Amanqanaba e-osteoarthritis
I-Osteoarthritis (OA) yahlulwe yangamanqanaba amahlanu. Inqanaba 0 labelwe idolo eliqhelekileyo, elisempilweni. Elona nqanaba liphezulu, i-4, yabelwe i-OA eqatha. I-OA eye yaqhubela phambili inokubangela iintlungu kwaye iphazamise intshukumo edibeneyo.
Inqanaba 0
Inqanaba 0 i-OA ihlelwa "njengesiqhelo" impilo yedolo. Idolo elidibeneyo alibonisi zimpawu ze-OA kunye nemisebenzi edibeneyo ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka okanye iintlungu.
Unyango
Akukho nyango lufunekayo kwinqanaba 0 OA.
Inqanaba 1
Umntu onenqanaba loku-1 le-OA ubonakalisa ukukhula okuncinci kakhulu kwethambo. I-Bone spurs ukukhula kweboney okuhlala kukhula apho amathambo ahlangana khona kwilungu.
Umntu onenqanaba loku-1 i-OA ngekhe ahlangane naziphi na iintlungu okanye ukungonwabi ngenxa yokunxiba okuncinci kumalungu edibeneyo.
Unyango
Ngaphandle kweempawu zangaphandle ze-OA zokunyanga, oogqirha abaninzi abayi kufuna ukuba ufumane naluphi na unyango kwinqanaba 1 OA.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unobungozi kwi-OA okanye usemngciphekweni owandayo, ugqirha wakho angakucebisa ukuba uthathe izongezo, ezinje nge-chondroitin, okanye uqalise indlela yokwenza umthambo ukunciphisa naziphi na iimpawu ze-OA kunye nokucothisa ukuqhubela phambili kwesifo samathambo.
Thenga izongezo ze-chondroitin.
Inqanaba 2
Inqanaba 2 i-OA yamadolo ithathwa njengenqanaba lobumnene. IX-reyi yamalungu edolo kweli nqanaba iya kutyhila ukukhula okukhulu kwethambo, kodwa intlala ihlala isesempilweni, okt indawo phakathi kwamathambo iqhelekile, kwaye amathambo awahlikihli okanye akrwebane.
Kule nqanaba, i-synovial fluid nayo ihlala ikwinqanaba elaneleyo lokuhamba ngokudibeneyo okuqhelekileyo.
Nangona kunjalo, eli linqanaba apho abantu banokuqala ukuqala ukufumana iimpawu-zentlungu emva kosuku olude lokuhamba okanye lokubaleka, ukuqina okukhulu kwilungu xa kungasetyenziswanga iiyure ezininzi, okanye ukuthamba xa uguqa okanye ugoba.
Unyango
Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neempawu ezinokubakho ze-OA. Ugqirha wakho unokukwazi ukufumanisa nokufumanisa imeko kwesi sigaba sokuqala. Ukuba kunjalo, emva koko unokucwangcisa isicwangciso sokuthintela imeko ukuba iqhubeke.
Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango zinokunceda ekuthomalaliseni iintlungu kunye nokuphazamiseka okubangelwe leli nqanaba lincinci le-OA. Ezi ndlela zonyango ikakhulu zi-pharmacologic, oko kuthetha ukuba awunyanzelekanga ukuba uthathe amayeza ukukhulula iimpawu.
Ukuba utyebe kakhulu, ukunciphisa umzimba ngokutya kunye nokuzilolonga kunokunciphisa iimpawu ezincinci kwaye kuphucule umgangatho wobomi bakho. Nabantu abangatyebanga kakhulu, baya kuxhamla kwimithambo.
Impembelelo ye-aerobics kunye noqeqesho lwamandla kunokunceda ukomeleza izihlunu ezijikeleze ilunga, ezonyusa uzinzo kwaye zinciphise amathuba okongezwa komdibaniso.
Khusela indibaniselwano yakho ekusebenzeni ngokuphepha ukuguqa ngamadolo, ukukhahlela, okanye ukutsiba. Iibhrashi kunye nokusonga kunokunceda ukuzinzisa idolo lakho. Ukufakwa kwezihlangu kunokunceda ukulungelelanisa umlenze wakho kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo olufake kwilungu lakho.
Ivenkile yokuthenga amadolo.
Ivenkile yokufaka izihlangu.
Abanye abantu banokufuna amayeza okuphucula iintlungu. Ezi zihlala zisetyenziswa ngokudibeneyo kunye nonyango lwe-nonpharmacological. Umzekelo, ukuba ufuna ukuthatha ii-NSAID okanye i-acetaminophen (enjengeTylenol) yokuphelisa iintlungu, kuya kufuneka uzame ukuzivocavoca, ukunciphisa umzimba, nokukhusela idolo lakho kuxinzelelo olungadingekile.
Ivenkile yeeNSAID.
Unyango lwexesha elide nala mayeza lunokubangela ezinye iingxaki. Ii-NSAID zinokubangela izilonda zesisu, iingxaki zentliziyo, kunye nezintso kunye nomonakalo wesibindi. Ukuthatha iidosi ezinkulu ze-acetaminophen kunokubangela ukonakala kwesibindi.
Inqanaba 3
Inqanaba 3 OA ihlelwa njenge "moderation" OA. Kule nqanaba, i-cartilage phakathi kwamathambo ibonisa umonakalo ocacileyo, kwaye indawo phakathi kwamathambo iqala ukunciphisa. Abantu abanesigaba 3 i-OA yamadolo kunokwenzeka ukuba bafumane iintlungu rhoqo xa behamba, bebaleka, beguqa okanye beguqa ngamadolo.
Banokufumana ukuqina ngokudibeneyo emva kokuhlala ixesha elide okanye xa bevuka ekuseni. Ukudumba ngokudibeneyo kunokubakho emva kwexesha elide lokuhamba, ngokunjalo.
Unyango
Ukuba unyango lwe-nonpharmacological alusebenzi okanye alusaboneleli ngentlungu abaye bayenza, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa iklasi yeyeza ezibizwa ngokuba yi-corticosteroids.
Iziyobisi zeCorticosteroid zibandakanya i-cortisone, ihomoni ebonakalisiweyo yokunciphisa iintlungu ze-OA xa itofwe kufutshane nejoyinti echaphazelekayo.ICortisone iyafumaneka njengesiyobisi, kodwa ikwaveliswa ngokwendalo ngumzimba wakho.
Ezinye inaliti zecorticosteroid zinokuqhutywa kathathu okanye kane ngonyaka. Ezinye, ezinje nge-triamcinolone acetonide (iZilretta), zenziwa kube kanye kuphela.
Iziphumo zenaliti ye-corticosteroid iyaphela malunga neenyanga ezimbini. Nangona kunjalo, wena kunye nogqirha kufuneka ujonge ukusetyenziswa kweenaliti ze-corticosteroid ngononophelo. Uphando lubonisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide kunokwenzakalisa umonakalo odibeneyo.
Ukuba ii-NSAID ezingaphaya kwe-counter okanye i-acetaminophen ayisasebenzi, iyeza lentlungu, njengekhowudi kunye ne-oxycodone, linokunceda ekuthomalaliseni iintlungu ezonyukayo kwinqanaba le-3 OA. Ngexesha elifutshane, la mayeza anokusetyenziselwa ukunyanga iintlungu eziphakathi.
Nangona kunjalo, amayeza e-narcotic awacetyiswa ukuba asetyenziswe ixesha elide ngenxa yomngcipheko wokunyamezeleka okwandayo kunye nokuxhomekeka okunokwenzeka. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zala mayeza zibandakanya isicaphucaphu, ukozela nokudinwa.
Abantu abangaphenduliyo kunyango olulondolozayo kunyango lwe-OA-ngokwasemzimbeni, ukwehla kobunzima, ukusetyenziswa kwee-NSAID kunye nee-analgesics-banokuba ngabagqatswa abafanelekileyo be-viscosupplementation.
Izixhobo zeViscosuppost zii-intra-articular injections ze-hyaluronic acid. Unyango oluqhelekileyo kunye ne-viscosupplement ifuna inaliti enye ukuya kwe-5 ye-hyaluronic acid, inikwe iveki enye ngaphandle. Kukho iinaliti ezimbalwa ezikhoyo ezinje ngenaliti yethamo elinye.
Iziphumo zenaliti yokusetyenziswa kwe-viscosupplementation azikho kwangoko. Ngapha koko, kunokuthatha iiveki ezininzi ukuba luvaleke ngokupheleleyo unyango, kodwa isiqabu kwiimpawu zihlala ziinyanga ezimbalwa. Asinguye wonke umntu ophendula kolu sindiso.
Inqanaba 4
Inqanaba 4 i-OA ithathwa njenge "inzima." Abantu abakwinqanaba le-4 OA lamadolo bava iintlungu kunye nokuphazamiseka xa behamba okanye behambisa ngokudibeneyo.
Kungenxa yokuba indawo edibeneyo phakathi kwamathambo iyancitshiswa ngokumangalisayo-intlala intambo iphantse yaphela, ishiya ukudibana okuqinileyo kwaye kusenokwenzeka nokungahambi. I-synovial fluid iyancipha kakhulu, kwaye ayisancedi ukunciphisa ukungqubana phakathi kweendawo ezihamba ngokudibeneyo.
Unyango
Utyando lokwenziwa ngokutsha kwamathambo, okanye i-osteotomy, lolunye ukhetho kubantu abane-OA eqatha emadolweni. Ngexesha lotyando, ugqirha usika ithambo ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi kwedolo ukulifinyeza, wandise, okanye atshintshe ulungelelwaniso lwalo.
Olu tyando lususa ubunzima bomzimba wakho kude neendawo zethambo apho kukhule khona ithambo elikhulu kunye nomonakalo wethambo. Olu tyando luhlala lusenziwa kwizigulana ezincinci.
Ukuguqulwa kwamadolo okupheleleyo, okanye i-arthroplasty, yindlela yokugqibela kwizigulane ezininzi ezine-OA ezinzima zamadolo. Ngethuba lale nkqubo, ugqirha uyalisusa ilungu elonakeleyo aze alibeke endaweni yeplastiki nentsimbi.
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zolu tyando zibandakanya usulelo kwindawo yokusika kunye nokugungxwa kwegazi. Ukuchacha kule nkqubo kuthatha iiveki okanye iinyanga ezininzi kwaye kufuna unyango olunzulu lomzimba kunye nomsebenzi.
Kungenzeka ukuba ukutshintsha idolo lakho le-arthritic akuyi kuba kukuphela kweengxaki zakho ze-OA. Unokufuna utyando olongezelelekileyo okanye olunye utshintsho lwedolo ngexesha lokuphila kwakho, kodwa ngamadolo amatsha, anokuhlala amashumi eminyaka.
Amanqaku Adumileyo
Ukuthatha isigqibo malunga nonyango olwandisa ubomi