Yintoni ekufuneka uyazi malunga nokunyamekela

Umxholo

• Yintoni ukhathalelo lokuthambisa?
• Ukunyamekela ukunyanga komhlaza
• Ukhathalelo lokunyanga isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo
• Unonophelo lwePalliative kwiCOPD
• Yahluke ngantoni kwi-hospice?
• Isishwankathelo
• Ngubani onika olu hlobo lokhathalelo?
• Xa ucinga ngokunyamekela
• Ngaba ungalufumana unonophelo lwasekhaya?
• Ufumana njani ukhathalelo lokuthomalalisa?
• Ngaba igqunywe ngamayeza?
• Umgca wezantsi

Unonophelo lonyango yintsimi ekhulayo yeyeza. Okwangoku, kukho ukudideka malunga nokuba yintoni na inkathalo yokuthomalalisa, kubandakanya ntoni, ngubani omele ayifumane, kwaye ngoba.

Injongo yokhathalelo oludlamkileyo kukuphucula umgangatho wobomi kubantu abanezifo ezinzulu okanye eziguqula ubomi. Ngamanye amaxesha kuthiwa yinkxaso yenkxaso.

Ukhathalelo lokuthambisa lumalunga nokuphucula impilo yonke, kubandakanya impilo yomzimba, yeemvakalelo, yokomoya kunye nentlalontle.

Yintoni ukhathalelo lokuthambisa?

Unonophelo lonyango lujolise ekuphuculeni intlalo-ntle yabantu abanezifo ezimandundu. Idibana nazo zombini iimpawu kunye noxinzelelo lokuhlala unesifo esinganyangekiyo. Inokubandakanya inkxaso kubantu obathandayo okanye abanonopheli.

Kuba isekwe kwiimfuno zomntu ngamnye, ukhathalelo lokuthambisa lunokwahluka kakhulu kumntu omnye ukuya kolandelayo. Isicwangciso sokhathalelo sinokubandakanya enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi njongo zilandelayo:

• ukunciphisa iimpawu, kubandakanya iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango
• ukuphucula ukuqonda kokugula kunye nokuqhubela phambili
• Ukuchonga nokulungisa iimfuno ezibonakalayo nezingokwasemoyeni
• ukunceda ukumelana neemvakalelo kunye notshintsho olunxulumene nokugula
• ukunceda ekuqondeni iindlela zokonyango, ukwenza izigqibo zonyango, kunye nokulungelelanisa ukhathalelo
• Ukuchonga nokufikelela kwimithombo eyongezelelweyo ukubonelela ngenkxaso

Unonophelo oludlamkileyo lunokuba lukhetho kwiimeko ezininzi. Umhlaza, isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo, kunye nesifo esinganyangekiyo semiphunga (COPD) zezinye zeemeko eziqhelekileyo apho ukhathalelo lokuthomalalisa unokuba luncedo ngakumbi. Le mizekelo icacisiwe ngakumbi apha ngezantsi.

Ukunyamekela ukunyanga komhlaza

Umhlaza sesinye sezifo eziqhelekileyo ezinxulunyaniswa nokunyamekela, njengoko zombini iimpawu kunye nonyango zinokuba nefuthe elibonakalayo kumgangatho wobomi bakho.

Ukhathalelo lomhlaza wokunyanga luyahluka ngokuxhomekeka kuhlobo lomhlaza, kunye neempawu, unyango, ubudala, kunye nokuxela kwangaphambili.

Umntu onesifo somhlaza kutshanje unokufumana ukhathalelo lokunyanga ukulawula iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zekhemotherapy okanye imitha, okanye ukubanceda bachache emva kotyando.

Ukunyanyekelwa kokunyanga komhlaza kuhlala kubandakanya unyango loxinzelelo okanye uxinzelelo, kunye nezixhobo zokunceda amalungu osapho acwangcise ikamva.

Ukhathalelo lokunyanga isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo

Ukuwohloka kwengqondo kunxulunyaniswa nokudodobala kwengqondo. Ichaphazela kakhulu ukuqonda komntu, inkumbulo, ulwimi, ukugweba kunye nokuziphatha.

Ukunyanyekelwa kokunyanga kunokubandakanya unyango loxinzelelo olubangelwa sisifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo. Njengoko ukugula kuqhubeka, kunokubandakanya ukunceda amalungu osapho enze izigqibo ezinzima malunga nokondla okanye ukukhathalela othandekayo. Inokubandakanya inkxaso kubanonopheli bosapho.

Unonophelo lwePalliative kwiCOPD

Unonophelo lokunyanga lunokunceda ukulawula i-COPD, isifo sokuphefumla esibangela ukukhohlela kunye nokuphefumla okufutshane.

Kule meko, ukhathalelo lokunyanga lunokubandakanya unyango lokungonwabi, unxunguphalo, okanye ukulala okungahambelani nobunzima bokuphefumla. Unokufumana imfundo malunga notshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo, njengokuyeka ukutshaya, okunokuphucula inqanaba lomsebenzi wakho kunye nokucothisa inkqubela phambili yesifo sakho.

Yahluke ngantoni kwi-hospice?

Umahluko ophambili phakathi kokhathalelo lwepalliative kunye ne-hospice kuxa uhlobo ngalunye lwenkathalelo lunikezelwa.

Kubantu abanesimo esibi nesisongela ubomi, ukhathalelo lokuthomalalisa luyafumaneka nangaliphi na ixesha, nokuba kunjani kwinqanaba lokugula. Akuxhomekeki kwisibhengezo sakho okanye ixesha lokuphila.

Ngokwahlukileyo, ukhathalelo lwe-hospice lufumaneka kuphela ekupheleni kobomi, xa isigulo singasabeli kunyango. Ngeli xesha, umntu unokuthatha isigqibo sokuyeka unyango kwaye aqale ukhathalelo lwe-hospice, ekwabizwa ngokuba kukhathalelo lokuphela kobomi.

Njengokhathalelo lokuthomalalisa, i-hospice ijolise kwintuthuzelo yomntu ngokubanzi, kubandakanya impilo-ntle yakhe ngokweemvakalelo, ngokwasemzimbeni nangokomoya. Ngapha koko, i-hospice ithathwa njengeyona ndlela yokunyamekela. Nangona kunjalo, ukufumana ukhathalelo lokuthomalalisa akuthethi ukuba ukwindawo yokunyamekela abaguli.

Ukulungela ukhathalelo lwe-hospice, ugqirha kufuneka aqikelele ukuba ixesha lakho lokuphila liinyanga ezi-6 okanye ngaphantsi. Oku kunokuba nzima kakhulu ukumisela.

Inkathalo ye-Hospice ayisoloko ibonisa ukuphela kobomi. Kuyenzeka ukuba ufumane ukhathalelo lwe-hospice kwaye uphinde uqalise unyango okanye ukunyanga ixesha lokunyanga.

Isishwankathelo

• Unonophelo lonyango iyafumaneka nangaliphi na ixesha, ngaphandle kwenqanaba lokugula okanye ixesha lokuphila.
• Ukunyamekela ifumaneka kuphela ekupheleni kobomi.

Ngubani onika olu hlobo lokhathalelo?

Unonophelo lokunyanga lubonelelwa liqela elinamacandelo amaninzi oqeqesho kwezonyango ngoqeqesho olulodwa kolu hlobo lwamayeza.

Iqela lakho lokhathalelo lokunyanga linokubandakanya nayiphi na kwezi zilandelayo:

• ugqirha okhathalayo
• Abanye oogqirha, njengengcali yokuphefumla, ugqirha wemithambo-luvo, okanye ugqirha wengqondo
• abongikazi
• unontlalontle
• umcebisi
• ugqirha wengqondo
• ingcali yokufakelwa amalungu
• usokhemesti
• ugqirha womzimba
• ugqirha osebenza emsebenzini
• ingcali yobugcisa okanye umculo
• ingcali yokutya okanye isondlo
• umfundisi, umfundisi, okanye umfundisi
• amavolontiya okhathalelo
• umkhathaleli

Iqela lakho lokhathalelo oludlamkileyo liya kusebenza ukuqinisekisa ukuba uphile qete xa ugula.

Xa ucinga ngokunyamekela

Ukuba unesifo esibi okanye esisongela ubomi, unokubuza malunga nokunyamekela.

Kukho ukungaqondi okuqhelekileyo ukuba kufuneka ulinde de ukugula kwakho kwinqanaba elizayo okanye kwisiphelo ukuze ufumane unyango olunonophelo. Ngapha koko, uninzi lwezifundo lubonisa ukuba ukhathalelo lokuthambisa lusebenza kakhulu xa luqale kwangoko.

Ukuphononongwa ngo-2018 kwabantu abanomhlaza wesifo somhlaza wamaphaphu ongekho mncinci (NSCLC) bacebisa ukwamkelwa kwangoko kokhathalelo lokunyanga, oluphucula umgangatho wobomi kunye nokusinda ngokubanzi.

Ngokufanayo, uhlalutyo lweemeta lwango-2018 lufumanise ukuba abantu abanomhlaza ophambili baphila ixesha elide kwaye bonwabele umgangatho wobomi obungcono xa befumana ukhathalelo lokunyanga ngaphandle.

Unonophelo lonyango lubonakalisile ukunciphisa uxinzelelo kunye nezinye izifo zengqondo. Ababhali besifundo sika-2018 baqukumbele ngelithi abantu abanomhlaza ophambili nababeneempawu zoxinzelelo bebezakuzuza kakhulu ekubeni baqale ukhathalelo lokuthomalalisa kwangoko.

Abantu obathandayo basenokuxhamla kwinkathalo yakho, enokubanceda ukuba bafikelele kwizibonelelo kunye nenkxaso yokujongana nokugula kwakho.

Ngaba ungalufumana unonophelo lwasekhaya?

Kuxhomekeka apho uhlala khona. Unonophelo oludlamkileyo lufikeleleke ngakumbi kule minyaka idlulileyo, kodwa alukafumaneki naphi na.

Kuxhomekeka apho uhlala khona, unokuba nokukhetha ngaphezulu kwesinye malunga nokuba ufumana unyango oluphantsi. Olunye ukhetho lunokubandakanya:

• isibhedlele
• ikhaya labongikazi
• indawo yokuhlala ekuncediswa kuyo
• Iklinikhi yokugula
• ikhaya lakho

Thetha nogqirha wakho ukuze ufumane okungakumbi malunga neendlela zokhathalelo oluthambileyo ezifumanekayo kuwe kunye nalapho unokufumana khona ukhathalelo kwindawo yakho.

Ufumana njani ukhathalelo lokuthomalalisa?

Inyathelo lokuqala lokufumana ukhathalelo lokunyanga kukucela ugqirha okanye umboneleli wezempilo malunga nalo. Ugqirha wakho kufuneka akuthumele kwingcali yokunyamekela.

Unokulungiselela ukubonisana ngononophelo ngonyango ngokwenza uluhlu lweempawu zakho kunye nendlela ezinefuthe ngayo kwimisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla. Uyakufuna kwakhona ukuzisa uluhlu lwamayeza owathathayo kunye nayo nayiphi na imbali yezonyango efanelekileyo.

Ingumbono olungileyo ukucela umhlobo okanye ilungu losapho ukuba likukhaphe xa uye kubonana.

Emva kokubonisana kwakho, uya kusebenza neqela lakho lokunyamekela ukuphuhlisa isicwangciso. Isicwangciso siya kusekelwa kwiimpawu zakho nakuluphi na unyango olwenzayo ngoku, kunye nendlela isifo sakho esichaphazela ngayo impilo yakho yengqondo, imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla, kunye namalungu osapho.

Isicwangciso siya kwenziwa ngokudibeneyo kunye nolunye unyango olufumanayo. Kuya kufuneka iguquke ngokuhamba kwexesha njengoko iimfuno zakho zitshintsha. Inokuthi ekugqibeleni ibandakanye ukhathalelo oluphambili kunye nokucwangciswa kokuphela kobomi.

Ngaba igqunywe ngamayeza?

Kubalulekile ukuba uthethe nomboneleli wakho okhathalelayo ukuze uqonde ukuba ungafuneka uhlawule ntoni.

Zombini i-Medicare kunye neMedicaid zinokubandakanya ezinye iinkonzo zokuthomalalisa. Nangona kunjalo, ekubeni i-Medicare okanye iMedicaid ingasebenzisi igama elithi "palliative," unyango olufumanayo kufuneka ligqitywe ziinzuzo zakho eziqhelekileyo.

Zombini i-Medicare kunye neMedicaid zigubungela zonke iindleko ezinxulumene nokugula, kodwa ukuze ulungele ukufumana isibhedlele ugqirha kufuneka amisele ukuba uneenyanga ezi-6 okanye ngaphantsi ukuze uphile.

Ukuba unayo i-inshurensi yabucala, unokuba nakho ukugubungela iinkonzo zononophelo. Umgaqo-nkqubo wokhathalelo lwexesha elide lolunye ukhetho lokujonga iinkonzo zokunyanga. Jonga nommeli ovela kwi-inshurensi yakho ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko.

Umgca wezantsi

Unonophelo lonyango lonyango olunamacandelo amaninzi olujolise ekuphuculeni umgangatho wobomi kunye nokuba sempilweni kwabantu abanesifo esinganyangekiyo, esiguqula ubomi. Inokubandakanya inkxaso kubantu obathandayo okanye abanonopheli.

Ukuba wena okanye umntu osapho lwakho unesifo esibuhlungu, ukhathalelo lokunyanga kunokunyanzeleka ukuba ukhethe. Thetha nogqirha wakho ukuze ufumane okungakumbi malunga nokunyamekela kunye noko kufuneka ukwenze ukuze ufumane olu hlobo lononophelo.