Yintoni iPancytopenia?

Umxholo

• Iimpawu pancytopenia
• I-Pancytopenia ibangela kunye nemingcipheko
• Iingxaki ezibangelwa yi-pancytopenia
• I-pancytopenia ichongwa njani
• Izinketho zonyango
• Imbonakalo
• Uthintelo pancytopenia

Ushwankathelo

I-Pancytopenia yimeko apho umzimba womntu unamaseli abomvu ambalwa kakhulu, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi kunye neeplatelets. Nganye kwezi ntlobo zeeseli zegazi inomsebenzi owahlukileyo emzimbeni:

• Iiseli ezibomvu zegazi zithwala ioksijini kuwo wonke umzimba wakho.
• Iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi ziyinxalenye yamajoni akho omzimba kwaye ziyanceda ekulweni nosulelo.
• Iiplatelets zivumela igazi lakho ukuba lenze amahlwili.

Ukuba unayo i-pancytopenia, udibaniso lwezifo ezintathu ezahlukileyo zegazi:

• i-anemia, okanye inqanaba eliphantsi leeseli ezibomvu zegazi
• leukopenia, okanye inqanaba eliphantsi leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi
• i-thrombocytopenia, okanye amanqanaba asezantsi eeplatelet

Ngenxa yokuba umzimba wakho uzifuna zonke ezi seli zegazi, i-pancytopenia inokuba mandundu kakhulu. Kungasongela ubomi ukuba awuyiphathi.

Iimpawu pancytopenia

I-pancytopenia ethambileyo ayisoloko ibangela iimpawu. Ugqirha wakho unokuyifumana ngelixa esenza uvavanyo lwegazi ngesinye isizathu.

I-pancytopenia ebaluleke kakhulu inokubangela iimpawu kubandakanya:

• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• ulusu oluthuthu
• ukudinwa
• ubuthathaka
• ifiva
• isiyezi
• ukutyunyuzwa ngokulula
• ukopha
• amabala amfusa abomvu kulusu lwakho, abizwa ngokuba yi-petechiae
• amabala amakhulu amfusa kulusu lwakho, ekuthiwa yi-purpura
• iintsini ezophayo kunye neempumlo zeempumlo
• ukukhawuleza kwentliziyo

Ukuba wena okanye umntu osondeleyo kuwe unazo naziphi na kwezi mpawu zibalulekileyo kunye nepancytopenia, fumana unyango ngokukhawuleza:

• umkhuhlane ongaphezu kwe-101˚F (38.3˚C)
• ukuxhuzula
• ukopha kakhulu
• ukuphefumla kakhulu
• ukudideka
• ukulahleka kwengqondo

I-Pancytopenia ibangela kunye nemingcipheko

I-Pancytopenia iqala ngenxa yengxaki ngomongo wethambo lakho. Esi sicubu sangaphakathi sinamathambo kulapho kuveliswa khona iiseli zegazi. Izifo kunye nokuvezwa kweziyobisi ezithile kunye neekhemikhali kunokukhokelela kulo monakalo womongo wethambo.

Kungenzeka ukuba uhlakulele i-pancytopenia ukuba unayo enye yezi meko:

• Iicancer ezichaphazela umongo wethambo, njenge:
  • Ileukemia
  • myeloma ezininzi
  • IHodgkin's okanye i-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
  • Iimpawu ze-myelodysplastic syndromes
  • i-megaloblastic anemia, imeko apho umzimba wakho uvelisa amakhulu-kunesiqhelo, iiseli ezibomvu ezingafakwanga kwaye unenani elibomvu leeseli ezibomvu
• i-aplastic anemia, imeko apho umzimba wakho uyeka ukwenza iiseli ezintsha zegazi
• I-paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, isifo esinqabileyo segazi esibangela ukuba kutshatyalaliswe iiseli ezibomvu zegazi
• izifo zentsholongwane, ezinje:
  • Intsholongwane ye-Epstein-Barr, ebangela i-mononucleosis
  • cytomegalovirus
  • Intsholongwane kaGawulayo
  • hepatitis
  • isifo seengcongconi
  • sepsis (usulelo lwegazi)
• izifo ezonakalisa umongo wethambo, njengesifo seGaucher
• umonakalo kwi-chemotherapy okanye unyango lwe-radiation kumhlaza
• ukubonakaliswa kwemichiza kwindalo esingqongileyo, enje ngemitha, iarsenic, okanye ibenzene
• Ukuphazamiseka komongo wethambo obaleka kwiintsapho
• ukusilela kweevithamini, njengokungabikho kwe-vitamin B-12 okanye i-folate
• ukwandiswa kwepeni yakho, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-splenomegaly
• isifo sesibindi
• ukusebenzisa utywala ngokugqithisileyo okonakalisa isibindi sakho
• izifo ezizimele, ezifana ne-systemic lupus erythematosus

Phantse kwisiqingatha sawo onke amatyala, oogqirha abanakufumana unobangela wepancytopenia. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-idiopathic pancytopenia.

Iingxaki ezibangelwa yi-pancytopenia

Iingxaki ezivela pancytopenia zivela kukungabikho kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi kunye neeplatelets. Ezi ngxaki zinokubandakanya:

• ukopha kakhulu ukuba iiplatelets zichaphazelekile
• ukwanda komngcipheko wosulelo ukuba iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi ziyachaphazeleka

I-pancytopenia enamandla inokusongela ubomi.

I-pancytopenia ichongwa njani

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukrokrela ukuba une-pancytopenia, baya kuphakamisa ukuba ubone i-hematologist - ingcali ephatha izifo zegazi. Le ngcali iya kufuna ukufunda ngembali yosapho lwakho kunye nembali yezonyango. Ngexesha lovavanyo, ugqirha uya kubuza malunga neempawu zakho kwaye ajonge iindlebe zakho, impumlo, umqala, umlomo kunye nolusu.

Ugqirha uya kwenza ubalo olupheleleyo lwegazi (CBC). Olu vavanyo lilinganisa inani leeseli ezibomvu zegazi, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, kunye neeplatelets egazini lakho. Ukuba i-CBC ayiqhelekanga, unokufuna i-permeheral blood smear. Olu vavanyo lubeka ithontsi legazi lakho kwisilayidi ukujonga iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeeseli zegazi eliqulathe.

Ukujonga ingxaki ngomongo wethambo, ugqirha wakho uya kwenza umnqweno wethambo kunye ne-biopsy. Kolu vavanyo, ugqirha wakho usebenzisa inaliti ukususa inani elincinci lolwelo kunye nezicubu ngaphakathi kwethambo lakho elinokuvavanywa kwaye livavanywe elebhu.

Ugqirha wakho unokwenza uvavanyo olwahlukileyo ukukhangela unobangela wepancytopenia. Olu vavanyo lunokubandakanya uvavanyo lwegazi ukukhangela usulelo okanye i-leukemia. Unokufuna kwakhona i-CT scan okanye olunye uvavanyo lokucinga ukukhangela umhlaza okanye ezinye iingxaki ngamalungu akho.

Izinketho zonyango

Ugqirha wakho uya kuyinyanga ingxaki ebangele i-pancytopenia. Oku kunokubandakanya ukususa amayeza okanye ukuyeka ukubekeka kwimichiza ethile. Ukuba amajoni akho omzimba ahlasela umongo wethambo lakho, uya kufumana iyeza lokunciphisa ukuphendula komzimba wakho.

Unyango lwepancytopenia lubandakanya:

• iziyobisi ukukhuthaza imveliso yeseli yegazi kumongo wethambo lakho
• utofelo-gazi endaweni yeeseli ezibomvu zegazi, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi kunye neeplatelets
• Iintsholongwane zokunyanga usulelo
• ukufakelwa komongo wethambo, okwaziwa nangokuthi kukutsalwa kweseli ye-stem, ethatha indawo yomongo wethambo eyonakalisiweyo kunye neeseli ezinempilo eziphinda zakhe umongo wethambo.

Imbonakalo

Umbono wepancytopenia uxhomekeke kwisifo esasibangele imeko kunye nendlela ayiphatha ngayo ugqirha wakho. Ukuba ichiza okanye imichiza ibangele i-pancytopenia, kufuneka ibengcono kwiveki emva kokuyeka ukubhengeza. Ezinye iimeko, njengomhlaza, ziya kuthatha ixesha elide ukunyanga.

Uthintelo pancytopenia

Ezinye izizathu zepancytopenia, njengomhlaza okanye izifo zomongo wethambo, azinqandeki. Unokwazi ukuthintela iintlobo ezithile zosulelo ngeendlela zokucoceka ezifanelekileyo kwaye uphephe ukunxibelelana naye nabani na ogulayo. Unokuyiphepha kwakhona imichiza eyaziwayo ukuba ibangela le meko.