Ilungelo lobunikazi Ductus Arteriosus

Umxholo

• Yintoni ebangela iPatent Ductus Arteriosus?
• Ziintoni Iimpawu Zepatent Ductus Arteriosus?
• Ichongwa njani iPatent Ductus Arteriosus?
• Echocardiogram
• I-Electrocardiogram (EKG)
• Zeziphi iindlela zokhetho kunyango lwePatent Ductus Arteriosus?
• Amayeza
• Iinkqubo ezisekwe kuCatheter
• Unyango lotyando
• Zithini iingxaki ezinxulumene nepatent Ductus Arteriosus?
• Yiyiphi imbono yexesha elide?

Yintoni iPatent Ductus Arteriosus?

I-Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) sisiphene sentliziyo esiqhelekileyo esenzeka phantse kwiintsana ezingama-3 000 ezisanda kuzalwa minyaka le eUnited States, ngokweCleveland Clinic. Kwenzeka xa isitya segazi sethutyana, esibizwa ngokuba yi-ductus arteriosus, asivali kwakamsinya emva kokuzalwa. Iimpawu zinokuba zincinci okanye ziqine. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, isiphako sinokungabonakali kwaye sinokubakho ebudaleni. Ukulungiswa kwesiphene kuhlala kuyimpumelelo kwaye kubuyisela intliziyo ekusebenzeni kwayo okuqhelekileyo.

Kwintliziyo eqhelekileyo esebenza, umthambo wemiphunga uhambisa igazi liye emiphungeni ukuze liqokelele ioksijini. Igazi leoksijini emva koko lihamba nge-aorta (umthambo ophambili womzimba) uye kuwo wonke umzimba. Kwisibeleko, isitya segazi esibizwa ngokuba yi-ductus arteriosus sidibanisa i-aorta kunye ne-pulmonary artery. Ivumela igazi ukuba liphume kumthambo we-pulmonary uye kwi-aorta kwaye iphumele emzimbeni ngaphandle kokuhamba ngemiphunga. Kungenxa yokuba umntwana okhulayo ufumana igazi leoksijini kunina, hayi kwimiphunga yabo.

Kungekudala emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe, i-ductus arteriosus kufuneka ivale ukuthintela ukuxuba igazi elingenayo i-oksijini kwimithambo ye-pulmonary kunye ne-oxygen ene-oxygen evela kwi-aorta. Xa oku kungenzeki, umntwana une patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Ukuba ugqirha akaze asifumane isiphene, umntwana angakhula abe ngumntu omdala one-PDA, nangona oku kunqabile.

Yintoni ebangela iPatent Ductus Arteriosus?

I-PDA sisiphene sentliziyo esiqhelekileyo e-United States, kodwa oogqirha abaqinisekanga ukuba kanye kanye yintoni ebangela le meko. Ukuzalwa kwangaphambi kwexesha kunokubeka abantwana emngciphekweni. I-PDA ixhaphake kakhulu kumantombazana kunamakhwenkwe.

Ziintoni Iimpawu Zepatent Ductus Arteriosus?

Ukuvulwa kwi-ductus arteriosus kunokubakho ukusuka kwincinci ukuya enkulu. Oku kuthetha ukuba iimpawu zinokuba mnene kakhulu. Ukuba ukuvulwa kuncinci kakhulu, akunakubakho zimpawu kwaye ugqirha wakho unokufumana imeko kuphela ngokuva ukumbombozela kwentliziyo.

Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo, usana okanye umntwana one-PDA uya kuba nezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• ukubila
• ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza nangobunzima
• ukudinwa
• ukutyeba kakubi
• Umdla omncinci ekondleni

Kwimeko enqabileyo yokuba i-PDA iye ingafunyanwa, umntu omdala onesiphene unokufumana iimpawu ezibandakanya ukubetha kwentliziyo, ukuphefumla kancinci, kunye neengxaki ezinje ngoxinzelelo oluphezulu lwegazi kwimiphunga, intliziyo eyandisiweyo, okanye ukusilela kwentliziyo.

Ichongwa njani iPatent Ductus Arteriosus?

Ugqirha uya kuhlala echonga i-PDA emva kokumamela intliziyo yomntwana wakho. Uninzi lweziganeko ze-PDA zibangela ukumbombozela kwentliziyo (isandi esingaqhelekanga okanye esingaqhelekanga kwintliziyo), anokukuva ngugqirha ngestethoscope. IX-ray yesifuba nayo inokuba yimfuneko ukubona imeko yentliziyo yosana nemiphunga.

Iintsana ezizelwe ngaphambi kwexesha azinakuba nazo iimpawu ezifanayo nokuzalwa kwexesha elipheleleyo, kwaye zinokufuna iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo ukuqinisekisa iPDA.

Echocardiogram

I-echocardiogram luvavanyo olusebenzisa amaza esandi ukwenza umfanekiso wentliziyo yosana. Kubuhlungu kwaye kuvumela ugqirha ukuba abone ubungakanani bentliziyo. Ikwavumela ugqirha ukuba abone ukuba kukho nayiphi na into engaqhelekanga ekuhambeni kwegazi. I-Echocardiogram yeyona ndlela iqhelekileyo yokufumanisa i-PDA.

I-Electrocardiogram (EKG)

I-EKG irekhoda umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo kwaye ibone ukungahambi kakuhle kwentliziyo. Kwiintsana, olu vavanyo lunokuchonga nentliziyo eyandisiweyo.

Zeziphi iindlela zokhetho kunyango lwePatent Ductus Arteriosus?

Kwiimeko apho ukuvulwa kwe-ductus arteriosus kuncinci kakhulu, akukho nyango lunokufuneka. Ukuvulwa kunokuvalwa njengoko usana lukhula. Kule meko, ugqirha wakho uya kufuna ukubeka iliso kwi-PDA njengoko umntwana ekhula. Ukuba ayizivaleli iyodwa, amayeza okanye unyango oluqhaqho luya kufuneka ukunqanda iingxaki.

Amayeza

Kumntwana ngaphambi kwexesha, iyeza elibizwa ngokuba yi-indomethacin linokunceda ukuvala ukuvulwa kwi-PDA. Xa unikwe ngaphakathi, la mayeza anokunceda ekuqineni izihlunu kwaye ivale i-ductus arteriosus. Olu hlobo lonyango lusebenza kuphela kwiintsana. Kwiintsana ezindala nakubantwana, olunye unyango lunokufuneka.

Iinkqubo ezisekwe kuCatheter

Kusana okanye umntwana one-PDA encinci, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ngenkqubo "yokuvalwa kwesixhobo setrascatheter", ngokuka. Le nkqubo yenziwa njengesigulana esingaphandle kwaye ayibandakanyi ukuvula isifuba somntwana. I-catheter yityhubhu ecekeceke ecekeceke ekhokelwa ngomthambo wegazi oqala embindini kwaye ukhokelwa yintliziyo yomntwana wakho. Isixhobo sokuthintela sidlula kwi-catheter kwaye sibekwe kwi-PDA. Esi sixhobo sivalela ukuhamba kwegazi enqanaweni kwaye sivumela ukuhamba kwegazi okuqhelekileyo ukuba kubuye.

Unyango lotyando

Ukuba ukuvulwa kukhulu okanye akutyikityi kukodwa, kufuneka utyando ukuze kulungiswe isiphene. Olu hlobo lonyango luhlala kuphela kubantwana abaneenyanga ezintandathu okanye ngaphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, abantwana abancinci banokufumana olu nyango ukuba baneempawu. Ngeenkqubo zotyando, ugqirha wakho unokumisela amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ukuthintela usulelo lwebacteria emva kokuphuma esibhedlele.

Zithini iingxaki ezinxulumene nepatent Ductus Arteriosus?

Uninzi lwamatyala e-PDA afunyaniswa kwaye anyangwa kwakamsinya emva kokuzalwa. Kuyinto engaqhelekanga kakhulu ukuba i-PDA ihambe ingafumaneki ebudaleni. Ukuba iyenzeka, nangona kunjalo, inokubangela iingxaki zempilo ezininzi. Okukhulu ukuvulwa kukuba, kubi ngakumbi ubunzima. Nangona kunjalo, i-PDA yabantu abadala enganyangekiyo inokukhokelela kwezinye iimeko zonyango kubantu abadala, ezinje:

• ukuphefumla kancinci okanye ukubetha kwentliziyo
• uxinzelelo lwegazi kwimiphunga, okanye ukunyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi kwimiphunga, enokonakalisa imiphunga
• i-endocarditis, okanye ukudumba kwenwebu yentliziyo ngenxa yosulelo lwebacteria (abantu abanesiphene sentliziyo esesichengeni sokosuleleka)

Kwiimeko ezinzulu kakhulu ze-PDA yabantu abadala enganyangekiyo, ukuhamba kwegazi okongezelelekileyo kunokunyusa ubungakanani bentliziyo, buthathaka izihlunu kunye nokukwazi kwayo ukumpompa igazi ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kungakhokelela kukusilela kwentliziyo kunye nokufa.

Yiyiphi imbono yexesha elide?

Imbonakalo intle kakhulu xa iPDA ifunyenwe kwaye inyangwa. Ukubuyiselwa kweentsana ngaphambi kwexesha kuya kuxhomekeka ekubeni umntwana wazalwa kwangoko kangakanani kwaye nokuba zikhona ezinye izifo. Uninzi lweentsana luya kwenza ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kokufumana naziphi na iingxaki ezinxulumene ne-PDA.