Yonke into ekufuneka uyazi malunga nenyumoniya

Umxholo

• Ngaba inyumoniya iyosulela?
• Iimpawu zenyumoniya
• Oonobangela benyumoniya
• I-pneumonia yentsholongwane
• Inyumoniya yentsholongwane
• Inyumoniya
• Iindidi zenyumoniya
• I-pneumonia efunyenwe esibhedlele (HAP)
• I-pneumonia efunyanwa eluntwini (CAP)
• I-pneumonia ehambelana nomoya (VAP)
• I-pneumonia yokuphefumla
• Unyango lwe-pneumonia
• Amayeza amiselweyo
• Ukunyamekela ekhaya
• Isibhedlele
• Iimpawu zomngcipheko wenyumoniya
• Uthintelo lwepneumonia
• Ugonyo
• Ezinye iingcebiso zothintelo
• Ukuxilongwa kwe-pneumonia
• I-X-ray yesifuba
• Inkcubeko yegazi
• Inkcubeko yesikhohlela
• I-oximetry yentliziyo
• Ukuskena i-CT
• Isampulu yolwelo
• Bronchoscopy
• Ukuhamba inyumoniya
• Ngaba inyumoniya yintsholongwane?
• I-pneumonia vs. bronchitis
• Iinyumoniya ebantwaneni
• Unyango lwenyumoniya ekhaya
• Ukubuyiselwa kwenyumoniya
• Unyumoniya iingxaki
• Iimeko ezingapheliyo
• IBacteremia
• Amathumba emiphunga
• Ukuphefumla okungalunganga
• Isifo esimandundu soxinzelelo lwamalungu okuphefumla
• Ukuchithwa kwendalo
• Ukufa
• Ngaba inyumoniya iyanyangeka?
• Isigaba semiphunga
• Bronchopneumonia
• Lobar inyumoniya
• Ukukhulelwa kwemiphunga

Ushwankathelo

I-pneumonia sisifo esosulelayo kwenye okanye yomibini imiphunga. Ibacteria, intsholongwane kunye nefungi ziyibangela.

Usulelo lubangela ukudumba kwiingxowa zomoya kwimiphunga yakho, ebizwa ngokuba yi-alveoli. Ialveoli igcwalisa ulwelo okanye ubofu, nto leyo eyenza kubenzima ukuphefumla.

Funda ukuze ufunde ngakumbi malunga nenyumoniya kunye nendlela yokuyinyanga.

Ngaba inyumoniya iyosulela?

Iintsholongwane ezibangela inyumoniya ziyosulela.Oku kuthetha ukuba banokusasazeka ukusuka komnye umntu uye emntwini.

Zombini i-pneumonia yentsholongwane kunye nebhakteria inokusasazeka kwabanye ngokuphefumla ngamathontsi omoya avela ethimeni okanye ukukhohlela. Unokufumana ezi ntlobo zenyumoniya ngokudibana nomphezulu okanye izinto ezingcoliswe yinyumoniya ebangela ibacteria okanye intsholongwane.

Unokufumana isifo se-fungus pneumonia kwindalo esingqongileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ayisasazeki isuka emntwini isiya emntwini.

Iimpawu zenyumoniya

Iimpawu zenyumoniya zinokuba buthathaka ekusongeleni ubomi. Banokubandakanya:

• ukukhwehlela okunokuvelisa i-phlegm (mucus)
• ifiva
• ukubila okanye ukubanda
• ukuphefumla okufutshane okwenzekayo ngelixa usenza imisebenzi yesiqhelo okanye nokuba uphumla
• Intlungu yesifuba iba mandundu xa uphefumla okanye ukhohlela
• iimvakalelo zokudinwa okanye zokudinwa
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya
• isicaphucaphu okanye ukugabha
• intloko ebuhlungu

Ezinye iimpawu zinokwahluka ngokobudala bakho kunye nempilo ngokubanzi:

• Abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala banokuphefumla ngokukhawuleza okanye bavuthise.
• Iintsana zinokubonakala zingenazo iimpawu, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha banokugabha, baswele amandla, okanye babe nengxaki yokusela okanye yokutya.
• Abantu abadala banokuba neempawu ezinzima. Banokubonisa ukudideka okanye ubushushu obusezantsi kunesiqhelo.

Oonobangela benyumoniya

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zee-arhente ezosulelayo ezinokubangela inyumoniya.

I-pneumonia yentsholongwane

Unobangela oqhelekileyo wenyumoniya yintsholongwane IStreptococcus pneumoniae. Ezinye izizathu zibandakanya:

• Mycoplasma pneumoniae
• Haemophilus influenzae
• Legionella pneumophila

Inyumoniya yentsholongwane

Iintsholongwane zokuphefumla zihlala zingunobangela wenyumoniya. Eminye imizekelo ibandakanya:

• umkhuhlane (umkhuhlane)
• intsholongwane yokuphefumla (RSV)
• Iirhinoviruses (ingqele eqhelekileyo)

I-pneumonia yentsholongwane ihlala ithambile kwaye inokuphucula kwiveki enye ukuya kwezintathu ngaphandle konyango.

Inyumoniya

Ifungi evela emhlabeni okanye kwilindle lentaka kunokubangela inyumoniya. Zihlala zibangela inyumoniya kubantu abanamajoni omzimba abuthathaka. Imizekelo yefungi enokubangela inyumoniya ibandakanya:

• IPneumocystis jirovecii
• I-Cryptococcus iintlobo
• Iintlobo ze-Histoplasmosis

Iindidi zenyumoniya

I-pneumonia nayo inokwahlulwa ngokokufumaneka kwayo okanye ngendlela eyafunyanwa ngayo.

I-pneumonia efunyenwe esibhedlele (HAP)

Olu hlobo lwepneumonia yebacteria lufunyanwa ngexesha lokuhlala esibhedlele. Kungaba kubi ngakumbi kunezinye iintlobo, njengoko ibhaktiriya ebandakanyekayo inokumelana ngakumbi namayeza okubulala iintsholongwane.

I-pneumonia efunyanwa eluntwini (CAP)

I-pneumonia efunyanwa eluntwini (CAP) ibhekisa kwinyumoniya efunyenwe ngaphandle kwesimo sonyango okanye seziko.

I-pneumonia ehambelana nomoya (VAP)

Xa abantu abasebenzisa isixhobo sokuphefumla befumana inyumoniya, ibizwa ngokuba yi-VAP.

I-pneumonia yokuphefumla

I-pneumonia yokuphefumla yenzeka xa uphefumla iibhaktheriya kwimiphunga yakho kukutya, isiselo, okanye amathe. Olu hlobo lunokwenzeka ukuba unengxaki yokuginya okanye ukuba uhleli kakhulu ekusebenziseni amayeza, utywala, okanye ezinye iziyobisi.

Unyango lwe-pneumonia

Unyango lwakho luya kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lwenyumoniya onayo, ukuba inzima kangakanani, kunye nempilo yakho ngokubanzi.

Amayeza amiselweyo

Ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza anokunceda ukunyanga inyumoniya. Oko umiselweyo kuya kuxhomekeka kwisizathu esithile senyumoniya yakho.

Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane anokunyanga iimeko ezininzi zenyumoniya. Soloko uthatha ikhosi yakho ye-antibiotics, nokuba uqala ukuziva ungcono. Ukungenzi njalo kunokuthintela usulelo ekucoceni, kwaye kunokuba nzima ukunyanga kwixa elizayo.

Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane awasebenzi kwiintsholongwane. Ngamanye amaxesha ugqirha unokumisela i-antiviral. Nangona kunjalo, iimeko ezininzi zentsholongwane yentsholongwane yomoya ziyazicacisa ngokwazo ngononophelo lwasekhaya.

Amayeza okubola asetyenziswa ukulwa inyumoniya. Kuya kufuneka uthathe eli yeza kangangeeveki ezininzi ukuze usule usulelo.

Ukunyamekela ekhaya

Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa amayeza e-over-the-counter (OTC) ukunciphisa iintlungu kunye nomkhuhlane, njengoko kufuneka. Oku kunokubandakanya:

• Iasprini
• ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin)
• i-acetaminophen (iTylenol)

Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa iyeza lokukhwehlela ukuthomalalisa ukukhwehlela kwakho ukuze uphumle. Gcina engqondweni ukukhwehlela kunceda ukususa ulwelo kwimiphunga yakho, ngenxa yoko awufuni kuyishenxisa ngokupheleleyo.

Unokunceda ekubuyiseni kwakho kwaye unqande ukuphindaphinda ngokufumana ukuphumla okuninzi kunye nokusela amanzi amaninzi.

Isibhedlele

Ukuba iimpawu zakho zinzima kakhulu okanye unezinye iingxaki zempilo, unokufuna ukuba ulaliswe esibhedlele. Esibhedlele, oogqirha banokugcina umkhondo wenqanaba lentliziyo, ubushushu kunye nokuphefumla kwakho. Unyango esibhedlele lunokubandakanya:

• ii-antibiotics ezifakwe emithanjeni zifakwa emthanjeni
• unyango lokuphefumla, olubandakanya ukuhambisa amayeza athile ngqo kwimiphunga okanye ukufundisa ukuba wenze imithambo yokuphefumla ukuze wandise ioksijini yakho
• unyango lweoksijini ukugcina amanqanaba eoksijini kwigazi lakho (elifunyenwe ngethumbu lempumlo, imaski yobuso, okanye i-ventilator, kuxhomekeke kubukhali)

Iimpawu zomngcipheko wenyumoniya

Nabani na onokufumana inyumoniya, kodwa amaqela athile anomngcipheko ophezulu. La maqela aquka:

• Iintsana ukususela ekuzalweni ukuya kwiminyaka emi-2 ubudala
• abantu abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu
• abantu abanamajoni omzimba abuthathaka ngenxa yezifo okanye ukusebenzisa amayeza, anje ngee-steroids okanye iziyobisi ezithile zomhlaza
• abantu abaneemeko ezithile ezinganyangekiyo zonyango, ezinje nge-asthma, cystic fibrosis, isifo seswekile, okanye ukusilela kwentliziyo
• abantu abasandula ukuba nosulelo lokuphefumla, njengokubanda okanye umkhuhlane
• abantu abasandula ukufika okanye abalaliswe esibhedlele ngoku, ngakumbi ukuba bebekwi-ventilator
• abantu abaye bahlaselwa sistroke, banengxaki yokuginya, okanye banemeko ebangela ukungahambi
• abantu abatshayayo, abasebenzisa iintlobo ezithile zeziyobisi, okanye abasela utywala kakhulu
• abantu abaye bavezwa kukucaphuka kwemiphunga, njengongcoliseko, umsi, kunye neekhemikhali ezithile

Uthintelo lwepneumonia

Kwiimeko ezininzi, inyumoniya inokuthintelwa.

Ugonyo

Umgca wokuqala wokuzikhusela kwinyumoniya kukugonywa. Zininzi izitofu zokugonya ezinokunceda ukukhusela inyumoniya.

Ngaphambi kwe-13 kunye ne-Pneumovax 23

Ezi zitofu zimbini zokuthintela inyumoniya zikhusela kwi-pneumonia kunye ne-meningitis ebangelwa yi-pneumococcal bacteria. Ugqirha wakho unokukuxelela ukuba yeyiphi enye enokuba ngcono kuwe.

Ngaphambi kwe13 iyasebenza ngokuchasene neentlobo ezili-13 zebacteria ye-pneumococcal. Amaziko oLawulo noThintelo lweZifo (CDC) eli chiza loku:

• abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emibini
• Abantu abadala abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu
• Abantu abaphakathi kweminyaka emi-2 nama-64 yeminyaka abaneemeko ezingapheliyo ezonyusa umngcipheko wenyumoniya

IPneumovax 23 iyasebenza ngokuchasene neentlobo ezingama-23 zebacteria ye-pneumococcal. ICDC yona:

• Abantu abadala abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu
• Abantu abadala abaneminyaka eli-19 ukuya kwengama-64 abatshayayo
• Abantu abaphakathi kweminyaka emi-2 nama-64 yeminyaka abaneemeko ezingapheliyo ezonyusa umngcipheko wenyumoniya

Ugonyo lomkhuhlane

I-pneumonia isenokuba yingxaki yomkhuhlane, ke qiniseka ukuba ufumana umphunga wonyaka womkhuhlane. I-CDC yokuba wonke umntu oneminyaka engama-6 nangaphezulu ubudala agonywe, ngakumbi abo banokuba semngciphekweni weengxaki zomkhuhlane.

Isitofu sokugonya se-Hib

Eli gonyo likhusela Haemophilus influenzae uhlobo b (Hib), uhlobo lweebhaktheriya ezinokubangela inyumoniya kunye ne-meningitis. I-CDC olu gonyo loku:

• bonke abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala
• abantwana abadala okanye abantu abadala abangagonywanga abanemeko ezithile zempilo
• abantu abafumene ukufakelwa umongo wethambo

Ngokwe-pneumonia vaccines ayizukuthintela onke amatyala ale meko. Kodwa ukuba ugonyiwe, kunokwenzeka ukuba ube nokugula okunamandla kunye nokufutshane kunye nomngcipheko omncinci weengxaki.

Ezinye iingcebiso zothintelo

Ukongeza kugonyo, kukho ezinye izinto onokuthi uziphephe inyumoniya:

• Ukuba uyatshaya, zama ukuyeka. Ukutshaya kukwenza ube semngciphekweni wokosuleleka ngokuphefumla, ingakumbi inyumoniya.
• Rhoqo zihlamba izandla zakho ngesepha namanzi.
• Gubungela ukukhwehlela kwakho kunye nokuthimla. Khawuleza ulahle izicwili ezisetyenzisiweyo.
• Gcina indlela yokuphila esempilweni ukomeleza amajoni akho omzimba. Phumla ngokwaneleyo, utye ukutya okusempilweni, kwaye wenze imithambo rhoqo.

Kunye nokugonya kunye namanyathelo okhuseleko ongezelelweyo, unokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokufumana inyumoniya. Nazi ezinye iingcebiso zokuthintela.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-pneumonia

Ugqirha wakho uya kuqala ngokuthatha imbali yakho yonyango. Baza kukubuza imibuzo malunga nokuba iimpawu zakho zaqala nini ukubonakala kunye nempilo yakho ngokubanzi.

Baza kukunika uvavanyo lomzimba. Oku kuya kubandakanya ukumamela imiphunga yakho nge-stethoscope ngazo naziphi na izandi ezingaqhelekanga, ezinje ngokuqhekeka. Ngokuxhomekeka kubukhali beempawu zakho kunye nomngcipheko weengxaki, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela enye okanye nangaphezulu kwezi mvavanyo:

I-X-ray yesifuba

IX-reyi inceda ugqirha wakho ukuba ajonge iimpawu zokudumba esifubeni sakho. Ukuba kukho ukudumba, iX-reyi ingazisa ugqirha wakho malunga nendawo kunye nobungakanani bayo.

Inkcubeko yegazi

Olu vavanyo lusebenzisa isampulu yegazi ukuqinisekisa usulelo. Ukulima nako kunokunceda ekuchongeni into enokubangela imeko yakho.

Inkcubeko yesikhohlela

Ngexesha lenkcubeko yesikhohlela, isampulu yencindi iyaqokelelwa emva kokuba ukhohlele ngokunzulu. Emva koko ithunyelwa kwilebhu ukuba ihlalutywe ichonge unobangela wosulelo.

I-oximetry yentliziyo

I-oximetry yokubetha ilinganisa inani leoksijini egazini lakho. Inzwa ebekwe komnye weminwe yakho ingabonisa ukuba imiphunga yakho ihambisa ioksijini eyaneleyo kwigazi lakho.

Ukuskena i-CT

Ukuvavanywa kweCT kunika umfanekiso ocacileyo nonenkcukacha ngakumbi wemiphunga yakho.

Isampulu yolwelo

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukrokrela ukuba kukho ulwelo kwisithuba sesifuba sakho, banokuthatha isampulu yolwelo besebenzisa inaliti ebekwe phakathi kweembambo zakho. Olu vavanyo lunokunceda ekuchongeni unobangela wosulelo lwakho.

Bronchoscopy

I-bronchoscopy ijonge kwindlela yomoya kwimiphunga yakho. Ikwenza oku isebenzisa ikhamera esiphelweni setyhubhu eguqukayo ekhokelwa ngobumnene phantsi komqala wakho nasemiphungeni yakho. Ugqirha wakho angenza olu vavanyo ukuba iimpawu zakho zokuqala zinzima, okanye ukuba ulaliswe esibhedlele kwaye ungaphenduli kakuhle kwii-antibiotics.

Ukuhamba inyumoniya

Ukuhamba inyumoniya yimeko ebukhali yinyumoniya. Abantu abahamba nenyumoniya abanokwazi nokuba banesifo semiphunga, njengoko iimpawu zabo zinokuziva ngathi sisifo sokuphefumla kancinci kunomoya wemiphunga.

Iimpawu zokuhamba inyumoniya zinokubandakanya izinto ezinje:

• umkhuhlane omncinci
• ukukhohlela owomileyo kuhlala ixesha elingaphezu kweveki
• Ukugodola
• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• iintlungu zesifuba
• ukunciphisa ukutya

Ukongeza, iintsholongwane kunye neebhaktiriya IStreptococcus pneumoniae okanye Haemophilus influenzae, ihlala ibangela inyumoniya. Nangona kunjalo, xa uhamba inyumoniya, iibhaktheriya ezinje ngeMycoplasma pneumoniae, I-Chlamydophilia pneumoniae, kunye neLegionella pneumoniae ibangela imeko.

Ngaphandle kokuqina, ukuhamba inyumoniya kunokufuna ixesha elide lokufumana kwakhona kunenyumoniya.

Ngaba inyumoniya yintsholongwane?

Iindidi ngeendidi zezifo ezosulelayo zinokubangela inyumoniya. Iintsholongwane yenye yazo. Ezinye zibandakanya iintsholongwane kunye nefungi.

Eminye imizekelo yokusuleleka kwintsholongwane enokubangela inyumoniya ibandakanya:

• umkhuhlane (umkhuhlane)
• Usulelo lwe-RSV
• Iirhinoviruses (ingqele eqhelekileyo)
• usulelo lomntu parainfluenza virus (HPIV)
• usulelo lwe-metapneumovirus (HMPV) lomntu
• imasisi
• irhashalala (varicella-zoster virus)
• usulelo lwe-adenovirus
• usuleleko lwentsholongwane ye-Corona

Nangona iimpawu zentsholongwane kunye ne-bacterial pneumonia zifana kakhulu, iimeko zentsholongwane yentsholongwane zihlala zibuhlungu kunezo zebacteria pneumonia. Ngokutsho kwabantu, abantu abane-pneumonia yentsholongwane basengozini yokuphuhlisa i-pneumonia yebhakteria.

Umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwentsholongwane yentsholongwane yintsholongwane yintsholongwane yonyango. Usulelo lwentsholongwane aluphenduli kwii-antibiotics. Uninzi lweziganeko zentsholongwane yentsholongwane inokunyangwa ngononophelo lwasekhaya, nangona ii-antivirals ngamanye amaxesha zinokumiselwa.

I-pneumonia vs. bronchitis

I-pneumonia kunye ne-bronchitis ziimeko ezimbini ezahlukeneyo. I-pneumonia kukudumba kweengxowa zomoya kwimiphunga yakho. I-bronchitis kukukrala kweetyhubhu zakho ze-bronchial. Le yimibhobho ekhokelela kumbhobho wakho oya kwimiphunga yakho.

Usulelo lubangela inyumoniya kunye ne-bronchitis ebukhali. Ukongeza, i-bronchitis eqhubekayo okanye engapheliyo inokukhula ukusuka ekuphefumleni ukungcola, njengomsi wecuba.

Usulelo lwe-virus okanye lwebhakteria lunokukhokelela ekuphumeni kwe-bronchitis ebukhali. Ukuba imeko ihlala inganyangwa, inokukhula ibe yinyumoniya. Ngamanye amaxesha kunzima ukuchaza ukuba oku kwenzekile. Iimpawu ze-bronchitis kunye ne-pneumonia ziyafana kakhulu.

Ukuba une-bronchitis, kubalulekile ukuba inyangwe ukuze kuthintelwe inyumoniya.

Iinyumoniya ebantwaneni

I-pneumonia inokuba yimeko eqhelekileyo yobuntwana. Abaphandi baqikelela ukuba kukho iimeko zenyumoniya yabantwana kwihlabathi liphela unyaka nonyaka.

Unobangela wenyumoniya yomntwana unokuhluka ngokobudala. Umzekelo, inyumoniya ngenxa yeentsholongwane zokuphefumla, IStreptococcus pneumoniae, kunye Haemophilus influenzae ixhaphake kakhulu kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala.

Iinyumoniya ngenxa Mycoplasma pneumoniae ihlala ibonwa ebantwaneni abaphakathi kweminyaka emi-5 neli-13. Mycoplasma pneumoniae sesinye sezizathu zokuhamba inyumoniya. Luhlobo oluthambileyo lwenyumoniya.

Jonga ugqirha wakho xa ubona umntwana wakho:

• unengxaki yokuphefumla
• uswele amandla
• utshintsha ukutya

I-pneumonia inokuba yingozi ngokukhawuleza, ngakumbi kubantwana abancinci. Nantsi indlela yokuphepha iingxaki.

Unyango lwenyumoniya ekhaya

Nangona amayeza asekhaya enganyangi inyumoniya, kukho izinto onokuzenza ukunceda ukunciphisa iimpawu.

Ukukhohlela yenye yeempawu eziqhelekileyo zenyumoniya. Iindlela zendalo zokuphelisa ukukhohlela zibandakanya amanzi amtyuba ityuwa okanye ukusela iti yepermermint.

Izinto ezinje ngamayeza eentlungu ze-OTC kunye noxinzelelo olupholileyo lunokusebenza ukukhupha umkhuhlane. Ukusela amanzi afudumeleyo okanye isitya eshushu esifudumeleyo sesuphu kunganceda ekubandeni. Nanga amanye amayeza asekhaya ukuzama.

Nangona amayeza asekhaya anokunceda ukunciphisa iimpawu, kubalulekile ukuba ubambelele kwisicwangciso sakho sonyango. Thatha nawaphi na amayeza amiselweyo njengoko kuyalelwe.

Ukubuyiselwa kwenyumoniya

Uninzi lwabantu luphendula kunyango kwaye luyachacha kwi-pneumonia. Njengonyango lwakho, ixesha lakho lokufumana kwakhona liya kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lwenyumoniya onayo, ukuba inzima kangakanani, kunye nempilo yakho ngokubanzi.

Umntu omncinci unokuziva ebuyela esiqhelweni kwiveki emva konyango. Abanye banokuthatha ixesha elide ukuba bachache kwaye banokudinwa okude. Ukuba iimpawu zakho zinzima, ukubuyisela kwakho kungathatha iiveki ezimbalwa.

Cinga ukuthatha la manyathelo ukunceda ekubuyiseni kwakho kwaye uncede ukuthintela iingxaki ekungenzeki:

• Gcina isicwangciso sonyango ugqirha wakho asele ekhulile kwaye uthathe onke amayeza njengoko kuyalelwe.
• Qiniseka ukuba uphumla ngokwaneleyo ukuze uncede umzimba wakho ulwe nosulelo.
• Sela amanzi amaninzi.
• Buza ugqirha wakho xa kufuneka ucwangcise ixesha lokulandela. Basenokufuna ukwenza esinye i-X-ray esifubeni ukuqinisekisa ukuba usulelo lwakho luye lwasuswa.

Unyumoniya iingxaki

I-pneumonia inokubangela iingxaki, ngakumbi kubantu abanamajoni omzimba abuthathaka okanye iimeko ezingapheliyo, ezinjengesifo seswekile.

Iimeko ezingapheliyo

Ukuba uneemeko ezithile zempilo esele zikho, inyumoniya inokubenza mandundu. Ezi meko zibandakanya ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo kunye ne-emphysema. Kubantu abathile, inyumoniya inyusa umngcipheko wokuba nesifo sentliziyo.

IBacteremia

Iibhaktheriya ezivela kwintsholongwane ye-pneumonia zingasasazeka kwigazi lakho. Oku kungakhokelela kuxinzelelo lwegazi oluyingozi, ukothuka, kwaye kwezinye iimeko, ukusilela komzimba.

Amathumba emiphunga

Le yimingxunya emiphungeni equlethe ubofu. Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane angabanyanga. Ngamanye amaxesha banokufuna ukukhutshwa kwamanzi okanye utyando ukuze kususwe ubofu.

Ukuphefumla okungalunganga

Unokuba nengxaki yokufumana ioksijini eyaneleyo xa uphefumla. Kuya kufuneka usebenzise isixhobo sokuphefumla.

Isifo esimandundu soxinzelelo lwamalungu okuphefumla

Olu luhlobo oluqatha lokusilela kokuphefumla. Yinto yongxamiseko kwezonyango.

Ukuchithwa kwendalo

Ukuba inyumoniya yakho ayinyangeki, unokuba namanzi ajikeleze imiphunga yakho kwi-pleura yakho, ebizwa ngokuba yi-pleural effusion. I-pleura ziimbumba ezincinci ezihamba ngaphandle kwemiphunga yakho nangaphakathi kwembambo yakho. Umkhuhlane unokusuleleka kwaye ufuna ukukhutshwa.

Ukufa

Ngamanye amaxesha, inyumoniya inokubulala. Ngokwe-CDC, abantu baseMelika babulawa yinyumoniya kwi-2017.

Ngaba inyumoniya iyanyangeka?

Iindidi zezinto ezosulelayo zibangela inyumoniya. Ngokwamkelwa okufanelekileyo kunye nonyango, iimeko ezininzi zepneumonia zinokususwa ngaphandle kwengxaki.

Usulelo lwebacteria, ukumisa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kwangethuba kunokubangela ukuba usulelo lungacaci ngokupheleleyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba inyumoniya yakho ingabuya. Ukuyekisa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kwangethuba kunokuba negalelo ekuchaseni iintsholongwane. Izifo ezithintela i-antibiotics kunzima kakhulu ukunyanga.

I-pneumonia yentsholongwane ihlala isombulula kwiveki enye ukuya kwezintathu ngonyango lwasekhaya. Ngamanye amaxesha unokufuna i-antivirals. Amayeza okubola anyanga inyumoniya kwaye inokufuna ixesha elide lonyango.

Isigaba semiphunga

I-pneumonia inokuhlelwa ngokusekwe kwindawo yemiphunga echaphazela:

Bronchopneumonia

I-Bronchopneumonia inokuchaphazela indawo kuyo yomibini imiphunga yakho. Ihlala ibekwe kufutshane okanye kwi bronchi yakho. Le yimibhobho ekhokelela kumbhobho wakho oya kwimiphunga yakho.

Lobar inyumoniya

I-Lobar pneumonia ichaphazela i-lobes enye okanye nangaphezulu yemiphunga yakho. Umphunga ngamnye unama-lobes, achazwa njengamacandelo emiphunga.

I-Lobar pneumonia inokuphinda yahlulwe ibe ngamanqanaba amane ngokusekwe kwindlela eqhubela phambili ngayo:

1. Ukuxubana. Izicubu zemiphunga zibonakala zinzima kwaye zixinene. Ulwelo oluzaliswe zizinto ezosulelayo luqokeleleke kwiingxowa zomoya.
2. Hepatization ebomvu. Iiseli ezibomvu zegazi kunye neeseli zomzimba zingene kulwelo. Oku kwenza ukuba imiphunga ibonakale ibomvu kwaye iqinile ngenkangeleko.
3. Ngwevu hepatization. Iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ziqale ukonakala ngelixa iiseli zomzimba zihlala. Ukonakala kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi kubangela utshintsho kumbala, ukusuka kobomvu ukuya kungwevu.
4. Isigqibo. Amaseli omzimba aqala ukusicofa isifo. Ukukhohlela okuvelisayo kunceda ukukhupha ulwelo olushiyekileyo kwimiphunga.

Ukukhulelwa kwemiphunga

I-pneumonia eyenzeka ngexesha lokukhulelwa ibizwa ngokuba yinyumoniya yomama. Abafazi abakhulelweyo basemngciphekweni omkhulu wokukhula kweemeko ezifana nenyumoniya. Oku kungenxa yokuncitshiswa kwendalo kwamajoni omzimba okwenzeka xa ukhulelwe.

Iimpawu zenyumoniya azifani nge-trimester. Nangona kunjalo, unokuthi uqaphele ezinye zazo kamva xa ukhulelwe ngenxa yezinye izinto eziphazamisayo onokudibana nazo.

Ukuba ukhulelwe, qhagamshelana nogqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza xa uqala ukufumana iimpawu zenyumoniya. I-pneumonia yokubeleka ingakhokelela kwiingxaki ezahlukeneyo, ezinjengokuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha kunye nobunzima bokuzalwa.