I-Pneumonitis: Iimpawu, iintlobo kunye nokunye

Umxholo

• Iimpawu pneumonitis
• Oonobangela pneumonitis
• Izinto ezinobungozi kwi-pneumonitis
• Ukufuna uncedo
• Ukuchonga i-pneumonitis
• Unyango lwe-pneumonitis
• Iingxaki zenyumoniya
• Imbonakalo

Pneumonitis vs. pneumonia

Zombini i-pneumonitis kunye ne-pneumonia ngamagama asetyenziselwa ukuchaza ukudumba emiphungeni yakho. Ngapha koko, inyumoniya lolunye uhlobo lwepneumonitis. Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukuxilonga nge-pneumonitis, bahlala bebhekisa kwiimeko zokuvuvukala kwemiphunga ngaphandle kwenyumoniya.

I-pneumonia sisifo esibangelwa ziintsholongwane kunye nezinye iintsholongwane. I-Pneumonitis luhlobo lwempendulo eyaliwa. Kwenzeka xa into efana nokubumba okanye ibhaktiriya icaphukisa iingxowa zomoya kwimiphunga yakho. Abantu abanomdla ngakumbi kwezi zinto baya kuba nempendulo. I-Pneumonitis ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-hypersensitivity pneumonitis.

I-pneumonitis iyanyangeka. Nangona kunjalo, kunokubangela ukonakala okusisigxina kunye nomonakalo wemiphunga ukuba awuyibambi kwangoko ngokwaneleyo.

Iimpawu pneumonitis

Iimpawu zokuqala zihlala zibonakala kwiyure ezine ukuya kwezintandathu emva kokuba uphefumle into ekucaphukisayo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-acute pneumonitis. Unokuziva ngathi unomkhuhlane okanye esinye isifo sokuphefumla, esineempawu ezinje:

• ifiva
• Ukugodola
• intlungu yesihlunu okanye edibeneyo
• intloko ebuhlungu

Ukuba awuchanekanga kwinto kwakhona, iimpawu zakho kufuneka zihambe zingaphelanga iintsuku ezimbalwa. Ukuba uqhubeka ukubhencwa, unokuhlakulela i-pneumonitis engapheliyo, eyimeko yexesha elide ngakumbi. Malunga nabantu abane-pneumonitis baya kuphuhlisa ifom engapheliyo.

Iimpawu ze-pneumonitis engapheliyo zibandakanya:

• ukukhohlela owomileyo
• ukuqina esifubeni sakho
• ukudinwa
• ukungabi namdla wokutya
• ukunciphisa umzimba ngempazamo

Oonobangela pneumonitis

Unokufumana i-pneumonitis xa izinto oziphefumlayo zicaphukisa iingxowa zomoya ezincinci, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-alveoli, emiphungeni yakho. Xa uchanekile kwenye yezi zinto, amajoni akho omzimba ayasabela ngokuvelisa ukudumba. Iingxowa zakho zomoya zigcwalisa iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ulwelo. Ukudumba kwenza kube nzima kwioksijini ukudlula kwi-alveoli kwigazi lakho.

Izinto ezinokubangela i-pneumonitis zibandakanya:

• ukungunda
• iintsholongwane
• ngundo
• imichiza

Uya kuzifumana ezi zinto kwi:

• uboya bezilwanyana
• iintsiba zeentaka okanye ilindle
• itshizi engcolileyo, iidiliya, irhasi nokunye ukutya
• uthuli lomthi
• iibhafu ezishushu
• izinto zokucoca umoya

Ezinye izizathu zepneumonitis zibandakanya:

• amayeza athile, kubandakanya amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, amayeza e-chemotherapy, kunye namayeza esingqi sentliziyo
• unyango lwemitha esifubeni

Izinto ezinobungozi kwi-pneumonitis

Usemngciphekweni omkhulu we-pneumonitis ukuba usebenza kumzi-mveliso apho uvezwe eluthulini olunezinto ezikruqulayo. Umzekelo, amafama ahlala evezwa kukutya okuziinkozo, umququ, kunye nefula equlathe ukungunda. Xa i-pneumonitis ichaphazela amafama, ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yimiphunga yomfama.

Omnye umngcipheko kukuchatshazelwa kukungunda okunokukhula kwiibhafu ezishushu, izinto zokunyibilikisa, izinto zokupholisa umoya, kunye neenkqubo zokufudumeza. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-hot tub lung lung okanye humidifier lung.

Abantu abakule misebenzi ilandelayo basemngciphekweni we-pneumonitis:

• Abaphathi beentaka kunye neenkukhu
• abasebenzi bezilwanyana
• abafuyi bezilwanyana
• iiprosesa zengqolowa kunye nomgubo
• Abasebenza ngeplanga
• iingcibi
• abenzi bewayini
• abavelisi beplastikhi
• elektroniki

Nokuba awusebenzi kwenye yezi mveliso, unokuvezwa kukungunda kunye nezinye izinto ezivuselelayo ekhayeni lakho.

Ukuvezwa kwenye yezi zinto akuthethi ukuba uya kufumana inyumoniya. Uninzi lwabantu abatyhilekileyo abaze bayifumane le meko.

Imfuza yakho idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuvuseleleni impendulo yakho. Abantu abanembali yosapho ye-pneumonitis kunokwenzeka ukuba baphuhlise imeko.

Unokufumana i-pneumonitis nangaliphi na ubudala, kubandakanya ubuntwana. Nangona kunjalo, ihlala ifunyaniswa ebantwini.

Unyango lomhlaza lunokunyusa amathuba akho okufumana inyumoniya. Abantu abathatha amayeza athile e-chemotherapy okanye abafumana i-radiation esifubeni basemngciphekweni omkhulu.

Ukufuna uncedo

Jonga ugqirha wakho ukuba unempawu zenyumoniya, ngakumbi ukuphefumla kancinci. Ngokukhawuleza uqala ukuphepha ukuqala kwakho, kuya kuba lula ukuguqula le meko.

Ukuchonga i-pneumonitis

Ukubona ukuba une-pneumonitis, ndwendwela ugqirha wakho wokhathalelo lokuqala okanye ugqirha wamaphaphu. I-pulmonologist yingcali ephatha izifo zemiphunga. Ugqirha wakho uya kubuza ukuba zeziphi izinto onokuthi ubonakaliswe kuzo emsebenzini okanye ekhaya. Baya kuthi emva koko benze uviwo.

Ngexesha loviwo, ugqirha wakho umamela imiphunga yakho nge-stethoscope. Banokuva ukugqabhuka okanye ezinye izandi ezingaqhelekanga kwimiphunga yakho.

Unokuba nolunye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mvavanyo ukufumanisa ukuba unayo i-pneumonitis:

• IOximetry isebenzisa isixhobo esibekwe emnweni wakho ukulinganisa ubungakanani beoksijini egazini lakho.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi lunokuchonga ii-antibodies ezisegazini lakho ngokuchasene nothuli, ukungunda, okanye ezinye izinto. Banokubonisa ukuba ngaba unawo amajoni omzimba.
• IX-ray yesifuba yenza imifanekiso yemiphunga yakho ukunceda ugqirha wakho afumane amanxeba kunye nomonakalo.
• I-CT ihlola imifanekiso yemiphunga yakho kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo. Ingabonisa umonakalo kwimiphunga yakho ngokweenkcukacha kune-X-ray.
• I-Spirometry ilinganisa amandla omoya wakho njengoko uphefumla ngaphakathi nangaphandle.
• I-Bronchoscopy ibeka ityhubhu ecekeceke, eguqukayo kunye nekhamera kwelinye icala ukuya emiphungeni yakho ukuze isuse iiseli zokuvavanywa. Ugqirha wakho unokusebenzisa amanzi ukukhupha iiseli kwimiphunga yakho. Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukugeza.
• I-Lung biopsy yinkqubo yokususa isampulu yeethishu kwimiphunga yakho. Yenziwe ngelixa ulele phantsi kweanesthesia ngokubanzi. Isampulu yethishu ivavanyelwa imiqondiso yokunqaba kunye nokudumba.

Unyango lwe-pneumonitis

Eyona ndlela yokunciphisa iimpawu zakho kukuthintela into ebabangeleyo. Ukuba usebenza ngokujikeleza okanye iintsiba zeentaka, kungafuneka utshintshe imisebenzi okanye unxibe imaski.

Olu nyango lulandelayo lunokunciphisa iimpawu zepneumonitis, kodwa aziyi kusinyanga isifo:

• ICorticosteroids: I-Prednisone (iRayos) kunye nezinye iziyobisi ze-steroid zehlisa ukudumba emiphungeni yakho. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zibandakanya ukutyeba kunye nokwanda komngcipheko wosulelo, isifo samathambo, kunye namathambo abuthathaka (i-osteoporosis).
• Unyango lweoksijini: Ukuba uphefumla kancinci, ungaphefumla ioksijini ngokusebenzisa imaski okanye iiprongs empumlweni yakho.
• Iibronchodilators: La mayeza ayayiphumlisa indlela yomoya ukukunceda uphefumle lula.

Ukuba umphunga wakho wonakele kangangokuba awukwazi ukuphefumla kakuhle kwanonyango, ungangumgqatswa wofakelo lwemiphunga. Kuya kufuneka ulinde kuluhlu lokufakelwa komzimba kumnikeli ofanayo.

Iingxaki zenyumoniya

Ukudumba okungagungqiyo kunokubangela ukuba kwenziwe imingxunya kwiingxowa zomphunga. Ezi zikrelemnqa zinokwenza ukuba izingxobo zomoya ziqine ukuba zande ngokupheleleyo xa uphefumla. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-pulmonary fibrosis.

Ekuhambeni kwexesha, isikhumba sinokonakalisa umphunga wakho. I-pulmonary fibrosis inokukhokelela ekusileleni kwentliziyo kunye nokusilela ekuphefumuleni, okunokubusongela ubomi.

Imbonakalo

Kubalulekile ukuba unyangwe ngokukhawuleza ukuba une-pneumonitis. Uyakufuna kwakhona ukuchonga nokukhusela izinto ezibangeleyo. Nje ukuba unomphunga, awunakubuyiselwa umva, kodwa ukuba ubamba inyumoniya kwangoko, unokuma kwaye uphinde uyibuyise imeko.